Genetic Analysis of Sodium Content and Na/K Ratio in Relation to Salinity Tolerance in Pearl Millet Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.

Venkata, Arjuna Rao Palakollu,Kumari, Panda Kusuma,Dev, Tavva Surya Santosh Mohan,Rao, Muktinutalapati Venkata Subba,Manga, Vangury 한국작물학회 2012 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.15 No.3

Genetic analysis of sodium and sodium/potassium (Na/K) ratios in leaf and stem was carried out through diallel analysis involving two tolerant, one moderately tolerant, and two sensitive genotypes as parents. Three-week-old seedlings were subjected to a critical level of salinization (17 decisiemens per meter of electrical conductivity). Leaf and stem sampling (from 5 parents and 20 hybrids arranged in a randomized block design with three replications of 10 each) was done 30 days after salinization when susceptible parents were severely effected. Predominance of non-additive gene action for stem sodium and dominance component for leaf Na/K were noticed while both additive and non-additive components played a significant role for stem Na/K. A single group of genes seems to be operative for these characters. Hybrids produced by crossing the two sensitive parents were tolerant suggesting genetic complementation and involvement of different loci in the two parents for salinity tolerance. The overall dominant nature of tolerance and the additive gene action for these salinity related characters suggested the possibility of breeding pearl millet lines through hybridization and selection to pyramid the favorable genes.

Single-flap versus double-flap approach for periodontal pocket reduction in supraosseous defects: a comparative study

Mathala, Venkata Lakshmi,Konathala, Santosh Venkata Ramesh,Gottumukkala, Naga Venkata Satya Sruthima,Pasupuleti, Mohan Kumar,Bypalli, Vivek,Korukonda, Radharani Korean Academy of Periodontology 2021 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.51 No.4

Purpose: The single-flap approach (SFA) is a minimally invasive technique with limited mucoperiosteal flap elevation to gain access to the buccal/palatal aspects, thus limiting post-surgical complications. The purpose of the present study was to gain insights into the impact of the SFA over the double-flap approach (DFA) on periodontal flap treatment outcomes and patient compliance in terms of discomfort and time taken for surgical procedures. Methods: Twenty patients with persistent probing pocket depths of ≥5 mm were scheduled for the SFA (test site) and for the DFA (control site). All the clinical periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Radiographic bone level (cone-beam computed tomography) was evaluated at baseline and 6 months. Patients' postoperative pain perception and wound healing were also assessed. Results: The SFA showed a significant reduction in periodontal pocket depth, gain in clinical attachment level (CAL), and gain in bone level when compared with the DFA. The SFA substantially improved wound healing and induced less postoperative pain than the DFA. Conclusions: The SFA resulted in substantial improvement in the composite outcome measures, as shown by a reduction in pocket depth with minimal gingival recession, gain in CAL, early wound healing, less postoperative discomfort, and better patient-centered outcomes.

Genetic Analysis of Sodium Content and Na/K Ratio in Relation to Salinity Tolerance in Pearl Millet Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.

Arjuna Rao Palakollu Venkata,Panda Kusuma Kumari,Tavva Surya Santosh Mohan Dev,Muktinutalapati Venkata Subba Rao,Vangury Manga 한국작물학회 2012 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.15 No.3

Genetic analysis of sodium and sodium/potassium (Na/K) ratios in leaf and stem was carried out through diallel analysis involving two tolerant, one moderately tolerant, and two sensitive genotypes as parents. Three-week-old seedlings were subjected to a critical level of salinization (17 decisiemens per meter of electrical conductivity). Leaf and stem sampling (from 5 parents and 20 hybrids arranged in a randomized block design with three replications of 10 each) was done 30 days after salinization when susceptible parents were severely effected. Predominance of non-additive gene action for stem sodium and dominance component for leaf Na/K were noticed while both additive and non-additive components played a significant role for stem Na/K. A single group of genes seems to be operative for these characters. Hybrids produced by crossing the two sensitive parents were tolerant suggesting genetic complementation and involvement of different loci in the two parents for salinity tolerance. The overall dominant nature of tolerance and the additive gene action for these salinity related characters suggested the possibility of breeding pearl millet lines through hybridization and selection to pyramid the favorable genes.

Laccase Production Using Pleurotus ostreatus 1804 Immobilized on PUF Cubes in Batch and Packed Bed Reactors: Influence of Culture Conditions

Prasad K. Krishna,Mohan S. Venkata,Bhaskar Y. Vijaya,Ramanaiah S. V.,Babu V. Lalit,Pati B. R.,Sarma P. N. The Microbiological Society of Korea 2005 The journal of microbiology Vol.43 No.3

The feasibility of laccase production by immobilization of Pleurotus ostreatus 1804 on polyurethane foam (PUF) cubes with respect to media composition was studied in both batch and reactor systems. Enhanced laccase yield was evidenced due to immobilization. A relatively high maximum laccase activity of 312.6 U was observed with immobilized mycelia in shake flasks compared to the maximum laccase activity of free mycelia (272.2 U). It is evident from this study that the culture conditions studied, i.e. biomass level, pH, substrate concentration, yeast extract concentration, $Cu^{2+}$ concentration, and alcohol nature, showed significant influence on the laccase yield. Gel electrophoretic analysis showed the molecular weight of the laccase produced by immobilized P. ostreatus to be 66 kDa. The laccase yield was significantly higher and more rapid in the packed bed reactor than in the shake flask experiments. A maximum laccase yield of 392.9 U was observed within 144 h of the fermentation period with complete glucose depletion.

Laccase Production Using Pleurotus ostreatus 1804 Immobilized on PUFCubes in Batch and Packed Bed Reactors: Influence of Culture Conditions

K. Krishna Prasad,S. Venkata Mohan,Y. Vijaya Bhaskar,S. V. Ramanaiah,V. Lalit Babu,B. R. Pati,P. N. Sarma 한국미생물학회 2005 The journal of microbiology Vol.43 No.3

The feasibility of laccase production by immobilization of Pleurotus ostreatus 1804 on polyurethane foam (PUF) cubes with respect to media composition was studied in both batch and reactor systems. Enhanced laccase yield was evidenced due to immobilization. A relatively high maximum laccase activity of 312.6 U was observed with immobilized mycelia in shake flasks compared to the maximum laccase activity of free mycelia (272.2 U). It is evident from this study that the culture conditions studied, i.e. biomass level, pH, substrate concentration, yeast extract concentration, Cu2+ concentration, and alcohol nature, showed significant influence on the laccase yield. Gel electrophoretic analysis showed the molecular weight of the laccase produced by immobilized P. ostreatus to be 66 kDa. The laccase yield was significantly higher and more rapid in the packed bed reactor than in the shake flask experiments. A maximum laccase yield of 392.9 U was observed within 144 h of the fermentation period with complete glucose depletion.

Development of simvastatin electrospun fibers: a novel approach for sustained drug delivery

Sudheer Betha,B. Pamula Reddy,M. Mohan Varma,D. Basava Raju,Venkata Ramana Murthy Kolapalli 한국약제학회 2015 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.45 No.1

In the present investigation simvastatin electrospunfibers were developed using electrospinningapparatus with drug–polymer w/w ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3and 1:4. Also solid mixtures were prepared with sameratios by employing kneading technique as conventionalapproach for comparison in drug release rate. Polyethyleneoxide WSR coagulant 301, a hydrophilic matrix formingpolymer, was used as carrier for sustained release of simvastatin. The ability of polyethylene oxide to control thedrug release rate in both the formulations was also investigated. Studies were performed to characterize the optimizeddosage form. Drug was crystalline in pure form. SEM surface morphology studies as well as powder X-raydiffractometry studies to developed fibers reveals that thecrystalline drug was converted into amorphous form afterfiber development. No physical incompatibility was foundin FTIR and DSC studies of pure drug and physical mixtureof drug, polymer. In vitro studies were performed insodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 0.5 % SLS. Simvastatin release was sustained over a period of 12 h inelectrospinning fibers developed with drug to polymer w/wratio 1:4 and 98.86 ± 0.42 % drug release was observed,interestingly with the same ratio there was a burst releaseof drug was obtained in case of solid mixtures ‘‘within spanof 1 h’’. Polyethylene oxide showed vast difference in drugrelease rate due to the techniques chosen to prepare formulations. The stability studies were also performed to theoptimized product and no significant variance wasobserved in all the evaluation parameters. From the variousmathematical models the drug release kinetics was estimatedand found that the drug release followed zero orderrelease rate kinetics with non fickian process as drugrelease mechanism.

Underutilization of Curative Treatment among Patients with Non Small Cell Lung Cancer: Experience from a Tertiary Care Centre in India

Malik, Prabhat Singh,Malik, Anita,Deo, Suryanarayana Venkata,Mohan, Anant,Mohanti, Bidhu Kalyan,Raina, Vinod Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6

Background: Lung cancer is one of the commonest and most lethal cancers throughout the world. The majority of the patients present at advance stage and are not suitable for curative intent treatment. Even among patients with localized disease, there has been underutilization of curative treatment modalities. The aim of this study was to analyze the radical treatment utilization rates in patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated at our centre. Materials and Methods: We analyzed case records of 104 patients with a pathologically confirmed diagnosis of NSCLC having stage 1-3B disease who were treated at our centre over last 3 years, to assess the utilization of curative treatment modalities i.e. surgery or radical radiotherapy. Results: The median age of this cohort was 58 years. Out of 104 patients only 33 (31.7%) received curative intent treatment, 14 undergoing curative resection and 19 receiving radical doses of radiotherapy. The baseline characteristics of both the groups (with or without radical treatment) were not different. Major factors associated with underutilization with curative treatment were progressive disease or loss of follow up after chemotherapy and inappropriate use of TKI and/or palliative radiotherapy in patients with stage 1-3B disease. Patients who did not receive radical treatment had inferior PFS and OS than those who received radical treatment. Conclusions: In our practice we observed gross underutilization of curative intent treatment modalities in patients with NSCLCs which is associated with inferior survival.

Defatted algal biomass as feedstock for short chain carboxylic acids and biohydrogen production in the biorefinery format

Naresh Kumar, A.,Min, Booki,Venkata Mohan, S. Elsevier 2018 Bioresource Technology Vol.269 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The objective of the study was to evaluate the potential application of defatted algal biomass (DAB) residue as a resource for biobased product synthesis in the biorefinery framework. Acid-catalyzed pretreatment of DAB residue resulted in higher reducing sugars (RS) solubilization (0.26 g RS/g DAB) than corresponding base method (0.19 g RS/g DAB). Subsequently, resulting RS were acidogenically fermented for the production of Bio-H<SUB>2</SUB> and short chain carboxylic acids (SCA)/volatile fatty acids (VFA) at varying redox conditions (pH: 6, 7 and 10). Biosystem with pH-6 resulted in higher SCA (0.54 g SCA/g RS) and Bio-H<SUB>2</SUB> production (0.83 l) followed by pH-10 (0.43 g SCA/g RS, 0.71 l) and pH-7 (0.27 g SCA/g RS, 0.48 l). Higher SCA production in pH-6 system resulted in maximum acidification (23%). Algal biomass majorly derived from CO<SUB>2</SUB> and its residues after lipids extraction accounted as major feedstock for acidogenic product synthesis. Evaluation of these studies using DAB residues offers sustainability to algal refineries on its entirety use.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Acid catalyzed pretreatment of DAB residues resulted in higher sugar solubilization. </LI> <LI> Higher biohydrogen production was resulted with pH-6 operation. </LI> <LI> Biosystem redox condition showed influence on SCA production and distribution. </LI> <LI> Use of DAB as a resource renders the sustainability to current algal biorefineries. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Dose calculation, design and development of nateglinide matrix tablets using quality by design approach and its pharmacokinetic evaluation in animal model

Sudheer Betha,B. Pamula Reddy,P. V. Swamy,M. Mohan Varma,D. Basava Raju,Venkata Ramana Murthy Kolapalli 한국약제학회 2015 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.45 No.6

The present work deals with design of zero order sustained release nateglinide matrix tablets by application of statistical design using response surface methodology as a tool. Central composite design was used to investigate the effect of two independent formulation variables (at three levels) such as Kollidon SR (X1), PVP K 30 (X2) on dependent variables viz. time required to release 30 % (T30, Y1), percentage drug released at 6th hour (DR6, Y2) and time required to release 90 % (T90, Y3) of drug. Wet granulation technique was employed for tablets preparation. The result showed that release pattern of the optimized formulation was almost equal to the statistically predicted values. There was no chemical interaction observed between drug and polymer based up on FTIR and DSC results. In vitro release studies were performed in 0.1 N HCl containing 0.5 % SLS for first 2 h followed by pH 6.8 phosphate buffer containing 0.5 % SLS. Stability studies were performed to statistically optimized formulation. The release pattern from statistically optimized formulation was followed zero order kinetics with non- Fickian process as drug release mechanism. Pharmacokinetic studies were performed to optimized formulation in comparison with nateglinide suspension in rabbit as animal model. The results of in vivo studies revealed the % relative bioavailability of statistically optimized formulation was found to be 68.87 %.