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Kim, Taeyong,Kim, Jin Ock,Oh, Jae Gyun,Hong, Seong-Eui,Kim, Do Han Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2014 Molecules and cells Vol.37 No.1
Chronic pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy is associated with an increased risk of morbidity/mortality, largely due to maladaptive remodeling and dilatation that progresses to dilated cardiomyopathy. Alternative splicing is an important biological mechanism that generates proteomic complexity and diversity. The recent development of next-generation RNA sequencing has improved our understanding of the qualitative signatures associated with alternative splicing in various biological conditions. However, the role of alternative splicing in cardiac hypertrophy is yet unknown. The present study employed RNA-Seq and a bioinformatic approach to detect the RNA splicing regulatory elements involved in alternative splicing during pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy. We found GC-rich exonic motifs that regulate intron retention in 5' UTRs and AT-rich exonic motifs that are involved in exclusion of the AT-rich elements that cause mRNA instability in 3' UTRs. We also identified motifs in the intronic regions involved in exon exclusion and inclusion, which predicted splicing factors that bind to these motifs. We found, through Western blotting, that the expression levels of three splicing factors, ESRP1, PTB and SF2/ASF, were significantly altered during cardiac hypertrophy. Collectively, the present results suggest that chronic pressure-overload hypertrophy is closely associated with distinct alternative splicing due to altered expression of splicing factors.
납-비스무스 공융물 환경에서의 적층제조된 재료의 부식 거동 연구
김태용(Taeyong Kim),김병주(Byeongju Kim),김기동(Gidong Kim),송상우(Sangwoo Song),김지현(Ji Hyun Kim) 대한기계학회 2022 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2022 No.11
This paper study on LBE corrosion behavior of clad material manufactured by direct energy deposition . Fe-12Cr-2Si alloys, which is corrosion resistance material with clad, are immersed in 550 ℃, 1e-7 wt.% dissolved oxygen concentration static LBE. At the same time, SS316L clad are also exposed to same condition. Through a scanning electron microscope, corroded cross-section of clad Fe-12Cr-2Si, clad SS316L and as-received SS316L are compared. The clad Fe-12Cr-2Si shows more enhanced corrosion resistance than as-received Fe-12Cr-2Si because grain size of the clad is bigger so that diffusion paths like grain boundaries decrease. On the other hand, corrosion resistance of the clad SS316L is inferior to as-received SS316L. When passive layer is not sufficient, solub le Ni in LBE is easy to diffuse not only grain boundary but also grain. Larger grain which has high diffusivity along crystal plane locally, deeper the dissolution and LBE penetration depth.
납-비스무스 공융물 환경에서의 적층제조된 재료의 부식 거동 연구
김태용(Taeyong Kim),김병주(Byeongju Kim),김기동(Gidong Kim),송상우(Sangwoo Song),김지현(Ji Hyun Kim) 대한기계학회 2022 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2022 No.11
This paper study on LBE corrosion behavior of clad material manufactured by direct energy deposition . Fe-12Cr-2Si alloys, which is corrosion resistance material with clad, are immersed in 550 ℃, 1e-7 wt.% dissolved oxygen concentration static LBE. At the same time, SS316L clad are also exposed to same condition. Through a scanning electron microscope, corroded cross-section of clad Fe-12Cr-2Si, clad SS316L and as-received SS316L are compared. The clad Fe-12Cr-2Si shows more enhanced corrosion resistance than as-received Fe-12Cr-2Si because grain size of the clad is bigger so that diffusion paths like grain boundaries decrease. On the other hand, corrosion resistance of the clad SS316L is inferior to as-received SS316L. When passive layer is not sufficient, solub le Ni in LBE is easy to diffuse not only grain boundary but also grain. Larger grain which has high diffusivity along crystal plane locally, deeper the dissolution and LBE penetration depth.
넓은 온도 범위에서 고정 구동전류로 동작하는 1.25 Gbps 850 ㎚ 산화형 VCSEL 송신기의 특성
김태기(Taeki Kim),김태용(Taeyong Kim),김상배(Sang-Bae Kim),김성한(Sunghan Kim) 대한전자공학회 2007 電子工學會論文誌-SD (Semiconductor and devices) Vol.44 No.12
넓은 온도 범위에서 고정된 구동 전류로 동작하는 VCSEL(Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser) 송신기의 저전류 동작 특성을 살펴보았다. 사용된 VCSEL은 산화형 850 ㎚ 레이저로, d²Ith/dT²값이 약 1.346×10?⁴ mA/℃² 으로 문턱전류의 온도의 존성이 비교적 낮은 것이었으며, 데이터 속도는 1.25 Gbps였다. 칩 상태에서의 광출력-전류-전압을 측정하여 20℃에서의 광출력이 1 mW가 되는 전류를 on 전류로 설정한 후 -20℃에서 80℃의 온도 범위에서 20℃ 간격으로 온도를 바꾸어가며 off 전류의 변화에 따른 turn-on 특성, turn-off 특성 그리고 eye-diagram을 관찰하였고 온도와 off 전류에 따라 eye-diagram에서 rise time, fall time, extinction ratio, timing jitter가 어떻게 변화하는지를 살펴보았다. 그 결과 최소 문턱전류보다 약 0.1~0.2mA 정도 낮게 off 전류를 설정하면 20℃에서 80℃의 온도 범위에서 off 전류와 on 전류를 변화시키지 않고 1.25 Gbps에서 송신기로 동작 시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다. We have analyzed low current operation characteristics of a VCSEL transmitter operating at fixed current over wide temperature range. Used 850 nm oxide VCSEL has low temperature dependence of the threshold current and d²Ith/dT² is approximately 1.346×10?⁴ mA/℃². We fixed on-current so that output power from the chip is 1 mW at 20℃ and investigated the turn-on, turn-off characteristics and eye-diagram of the 850 nm oxide VCSEL transmitter with varying ambient temperature and off-current. We measured rise time, fall time, extinction ratio and timing jitter by changing the ambient temperature and off-current. With the fixed off-current of around 0.1~0.2 mA lower than the lowest threshold current the transmitter successfully operated at 1.25 Gbps over a wide temperature range from 20℃ to 80℃.
Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor Binding Ablation Reduces Adenovirus Liver Tropism and Toxicity
Yun, Chae-Ok,Yoon, A-Rum,Yoo, Ji Young,Kim, Hoguen,Kim, Minjung,Ha, Taeyong,Kim, Gwi Eon,Kim, Hyunhee,Kim, Joo-Hang Mary Ann Liebert 2005 Human gene therapy Vol.16 No.2
<P>Human adenovirus-based vectors have emerged as a new promising vehicle for in vivo gene transfer-mediated therapy. However, the full potential of this methodology has not been fully realized because of the nonspecific tissue distribution of adenoviral vectors. Adenovirus infection is initiated by forming a complex between the fiber protein and a ubiquitously expressed host cell membrane protein, coxsackie B virus and adenovirus receptor (CAR). Therefore, ablating the adenovirus vector's ability to bind to the CAR is the first step in redirecting adenoviral tropism. To ablate CAR binding, we mutated the Bbeta sheet of the fiber knob, generating CAR-binding ablated replication-incompetent (dl-K420A-Z) and replication-competent (YKLK420A) adenoviral vectors. The in vitro transduction efficiency of dl-K420A-Z was significantly reduced in comparison to dl-LacZ carrying the wild-type fiber in CAR-positive cells but not in CAR-negative cells, suggesting that the mutation introduced in the Bbeta sheet of the fiber knob could disable the CAR-dependent transduction pathway. The in vivo transduction was also dramatically reduced in the liver and other organs for mice treated with dl-K420A-Z, compared with a cognate control vector, dl-LacZ. Concomitant with this attenuated gene transfer efficiency in vivo was a substantial reduction in the amount of general toxicity observed in the YKL-K420A-treated mice. Diminished toxicity was surmised from quantitative measurement of serum level of enzymes for liver and kidney function, hematologic chemistries, histopathology, and differences in lethality. Significant decrease in serum transaminases (alanine transferase [ALT] and aspartate transferase [AST]) was observed in mice treated with YKL-K420A. In addition, the lethality was lower in the YKLK420A- treated groups compared to the YKL-1-treated groups at all doses examined. Furthermore, the hepatopathologic analysis revealed that YKL-1 induced focal zonal necrosis and hepatocyte degeneration, while YKL-K420A induced mild spotty necrosis. In summary, this decreased vector tropism of CAR-binding ablated adenoviruses in normal tissues may increase the amount of virus available for infecting tumor cells and thus increase the antitumor efficacy with fewer unwanted side effects.</P>
Generalized Reliability Importance Measure (GRIM) using Gaussian mixture
Kim, Taeyong,Song, Junho Elsevier 2018 Reliability engineering & system safety Vol.173 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In structural reliability analysis, it is often desirable to evaluate the relative contributions of random variables to the variability of the limit-state function in the failure domain. Based on the relative contributions, one can effectively reduce the dimension of the reliability problem or obtain useful insight and information. However, existing reliability importance measures, which are available as a by-product of reliability analysis by first-order reliability method (FORM), may not capture the contributions of random variables accurately when the limit-state surface shows a large curvature around the design point or multiple critical subdomains exist in the failure domain. To address the issue, this paper proposes a Generalized Reliability Importance Measure (GRIM) that can deal with multiple critical failure regions, large curvatures of limit-state surfaces and the correlation between the input random variables. By introducing Gaussian mixture and the regional participation factor, the failure domain is divided into several subdomains, and the relative contributions of random variables in each critical domain are evaluated. To facilitate the computations of GRIMs, the cross-entropy-based adaptive importance sampling technique (CE-AIS-GM) is employed to identify the locations of critical subdomains, their relative contributions and corresponding importance vectors. Eight numerical examples covering a variety of component and system reliability problems demonstrate the proposed method and its merits. The test results confirm robust performance against the number of important regions or the dimension. The proposed GRIMs and computational procedure are expected to provide more reliable measures for a wide range of component and system reliability problems. The supporting source code and data are available for download at https://github.com/TyongKim/GRIM.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The concept of FORM importance measures are generalized to handle challenging problems. </LI> <LI> GRIM overcome challenges in problems with multiple critical subdomains or large curvature. </LI> <LI> Using regional participation factors, the relative importance is evaluated per each critical region. </LI> <LI> GRIMs are computed using a Gaussian mixture model fitted to the density in the failure domain. </LI> <LI> Various numerical examples successfully demonstrate merits and applicability of GRIMs. </LI> </UL> </P>