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Woo, Sungho,Jeong, Jae Hoon,Lyu, Hong Kun,Han, Yoon Soo,Kim, Youngkyoo Springer 2012 NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS Vol.7 No.1
<P>We report an enhancement in the efficiency of organic solar cells via the incorporation of gold (Au) or silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) in the hole-transporting buffer layer of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), which was formed on an indium tin oxide (ITO) surface by the spin-coating of PEDOT:PSS-Au or Ag NPs composite solution. The composite solution was synthesized by a simple <I>in situ</I> preparation method which involved the reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl<SUB>4</SUB>) or silver nitrate (AgNO<SUB>3</SUB>) with sodium borohydride (NaBH<SUB>4</SUB>) solution in the presence of aqueous PEDOT:PSS media. The NPs were well dispersed in the PEDOT:PSS media and showed a characteristic absorption peak due to the surface plasmon resonance effect. Organic solar cells with the structure of ITO/PEDOT:PSS-Au, Ag NPs/poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM)/LiF/Al exhibited an 8% improvement in their power conversion efficiency mainly due to the enlarged surface roughness of the PEDOT:PSS, which lead to an improvement in the charge collection and ultimately improvements in the short-circuit current density and fill factor.</P>
Potato Soft Rot Caused by Psychrotolerant Pseudomonas sp. from Subarctic Tundra Soil
Sungho Woo,Yung Mi Lee,Dockyu Kim The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2023 식물병연구 Vol.29 No.4
Agricultural activities and the number of farms in the subarctic regions have been increasing annually after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic to achieve food self-sufficiency. Potatoes are vulnerable to soft rot bacteria at all stages of production, storage, and transportation. A novel bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. N3-W, isolated from Alaska tundra soil, grows at 5-25℃ and produces extracellular protease(s). N3-W caused necrotic spots (hypersensitivity) in hot pepper leaves and soft rot disease (pathogenicity) in potato tubers. The psychrotolerant N3-W caused significant soft rot symptoms on potatoes at a broad temperature range (5℃, 15℃, and 25℃). In contrast, mesophilic Pectobacterium carotovorum KACC 16999 induced severe rotting symptoms in potatoes at their optimal growth temperature of 15℃ and 25℃. However, it barely produced symptoms at 5℃, which is the appropriate storage and transportation temperature for potatoes. The results of pathogenicity testing imply that psychrotolerant soft rot pathogens from polar regions may cause severe soft rot not only during the crop growing season but also during storage and transportation. Our study indicates the possibility of new plant pathogen emergence and transmission due to the expansion of crop cultivation areas caused by permafrost thawing in response to recent polar warming.
Woo Sang Hyun,Kim Young Woo,Cheon Ho-Jun,Jang SungHo,Do Jun-Young,Choi Joon Hyuk,Kang Dong Ho,Nam Hyun Jae,Yoo Myung Jae,Lee Young Seok,Choi Jin-Hee 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.2
Background: On February 2, 2017, the surgical team of ten board-certified hand specialists of W Hospital in Korea successfully performed the nation's first hand transplantation at Yeungnam University Medical Center (YUMC). This paper reports on the legal, financial, and cultural hurdles that were overcome to open the way for hand transplantation and its functional outcomes at 36 months after the operation. Methods: W Hospital formed a memorandum of understanding with Daegu city and YUMC to comply with government regulations regarding hand transplantation. Campaigns were initiated in the media to increase public awareness and understanding. With the city's financial and legal support and the university's medical cooperation, a surgical team performed a left distal forearm hand transplantation from a brain-dead 48-year-old man to a 35-year-old left-handed man. Results: With this successful allotransplantation, the Korean Act on Organ Transplantation has now been amended to include hand transplantation. Korean national health insurance has also begun covering hand transplantation. Functional outcome at 36 months after the operation showed satisfactory progress in both motor and sensory functions. The disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand score were 23. The final Hand Transplantation Score was 90 points. Functional brain magnetic resonance imaging shows significant cortical reorganization of the corticospinal tract, and reinnervation of intrinsic muscle is observed. Conclusions: Hand transplantation at the distal forearm shows very satisfactory outcomes in functional, aesthetical, and psychological aspects. Legal and financial barriers against hand transplantation have long been the most burdensome issues. Despite this momentous success, there have been no other clinical applications of vascularized composite allotransplantation due to the limited acceptance by Korean doctors and people. Further public education campaigns for vascularized composite allotransplantation are needed to increase awareness and acceptance.
Influence of nickel oxide nanolayer and doping in organic light-emitting devices
Sungho Woo,김영규,Jaehyun Kim,Gwijeong Cho,Kangpil Kim,Hongkeun Lyu 한국공업화학회 2009 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.15 No.5
Here we report the effect of introducing nickel oxide (NiO) on the performance of organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) based on small molecules. For the purpose of aligning the NiO deposition with the conventional OLED process, we employed a thermal evaporation method using the NiO powders. To understand the influence of the NiO introduction, we fabricated two types of devices: (1) OLED with the NiO nanolayer and (2) OLED with the NiO-doped hole transport layer. Results show that the NiO introduction improved the hole injection in both types of OLED. However, the device with the NiO nanolayer exhibited greatly improved efficiency, whereas the efficiency was significantly lowered for the device with the NiO-doped hole transport layer.
Nam, Sungho,Woo, Sungho,Seo, Jooyeok,Kim, Wook Hyun,Kim, Hwajeong,McNeill, Christopher R.,Shin, Tae Joo,Bradley, Donal D. C.,Kim, Youngkyoo American Chemical Society 2015 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.7 No.29
<P>The performance of solar cells with a polymer:polymer bulk heterojunction (BHJ) structure, consisting of poly[4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-alt-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene-2-carboxylate] (PTB7-Th) donor and poly[[N,N'-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5'-(2,2'-bithiophene)] (P(NDI2OD-T2)) acceptor polymers, was investigated as a function of cosolvent (p-xylene:chlorobenzene (pXL:CB)) composition ratio. A remarkable efficiency improvement (similar to 38%) was achieved by spin-coating the photoactive blend layer from pXL:CB = 80:20 (volume) rather than pXL alone, but the efficiency then decreased when the CB content increased further to pXL:CB = 60:40. The improved efficiency was correlated with a particular PTB7-Th:P(NDI2OD-T2) donor-acceptor blend nanostructure, evidenced by a fiber-like surface morphology, a red-shifted optical absorption, and enhanced PL quenching. Further device optimization for pXL:CB = 80:20 films yielded a power conversion efficiency of similar to 5.4%. However, these devices showed very poor stability (similar to 15 min for a 50% reduction in initial efficiency), owing specifically to degradation of the PTB7-Th donor-component. Replacing PTB7-Th with a more stable donor polymer will be essential for any application potential to be realized.</P>
Han, Jin-Woo,Ryu, Seong-Wan,Kim, Chung-Jin,Kim, Sungho,Im, Maesoon,Choi, Sung Jin,Kim, Jin Soo,Kim, Kwang Hee,Lee, Gi Sung,Oh, Jae Sub,Song, Myeong Ho,Park, Yun Chang,Kim, Jeoung Woo,Choi, Yang-Kyu IEEE 2008 IEEE electron device letters Vol.29 No.7
<P> Unified random access memory (URAM) is demonstrated for the first time. The novel partially depleted (PD) SONOS FinFET provides unified function of a high-speed capacitorless 1T DRAM and a nonvolatile memory (NVM). The combination of an oxide/nitride/oxide (O/N/O) layer and a floating-body facilitates URAM operation in PD SONOS FinFETs. An NVM function is achieved by FN tunneling into the O/N/O stack and, a 1T-DRAM function is achieved by excessive-hole accumulation in the PD body. The fabricated PD SONOS FinFET shows retention time exceeding 10 years for NVM operation and program/erase time below 6 ns for 1T-DRAM in a single-cell transistor. These two memory functions are guaranteed without disturbance between them. </P>
Choi Sung Woo,Oh Min Woo,Park Doo Jae,Park Sungho 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.77 No.12
We theoretically demonstrates large field enhancement at the close-packed, truncated octahedral gold nanoparticle array by using a finite difference time domain method. A multiple peak at the visible and near infrared frequency implies the multiple resonance in the nanostructures, corresponding to the dipolar and quadrupolar mode excitation of electric field at the single octahedral particles. The splitting of two adjacent resonant peak as a function of the distance of the particles implies the existence of the significant coupling between the resonant modes of the individual nanoparticles. The electric field profile at the gap between the particles shows the field enhancement due to such mode couplings, where dipolar and quadrupolar mode are simultaneously involved. Such evolution of mode coupling with increasing gap distance confirms the resonant modes excitation and their coupling is the origin of the strong field enhancement. Simulation with different polarization of the incident light denotes the dominant coupling mode is governed by the size of the interaction area. Importantly, electric field at the gap is hugely enhanced up to 17 at the optimal gap distance of 4 nm.