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Erythema severity scoring by deep neural network
( Chul Hwan Bang ),( Jae Yeon Rhu ),( Jae-heon Chun ),( Jae-woong Yoon ),( Sung Min Oh ),( Joonho Jung ),( Jun Young Lee ),( Young-joo Kim ),( Suk-jun Lee ),( Young Min Park ),( Ji Hyun Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.2
Background: Erythema is one of common signs of inflammatory dermatologic diseases. It is one of the measured values which are needed to calculate the Eczema Area and Severity Index score or Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score. However, automated standardization of erythema severity using images has not been investigated yet. Objectives: Our aim was to determine whether the deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) could assess erythema severity at the level of competence comparable to dermatologists’ scoring. Methods: We made a standard dataset of 4,000 clinical images showing erythema. These images were scored 0 to 4 by three dermatologists. First of all, we trained four CNNs (ResNet V1, ResNet V2, GoogLnet and VGG-Net) with the image dataset, and then examined which CNN was most suitable for erythema scoring. Results: : Among the 4 CNNs, ResNet V1 showed the highest accuracy. Compared to dermatologists’ scoring, the accuracy rates of ResNet V1, ResNet V2, GoogLnet and VGG-Net were 95.33%, 95.12%, 93.59% and 21.55%, respectively. Conclusion: These results suggest some CNNs have a performance capacity for erythema scoring at the level of competence comparable to dermatologists.
Experimental Inhibition of Corneal Neovascularization by Photodynamic Therapy with Verteporfin
Yoon, Kyung-Chul,Ahn, Kyu,Lee, Song,Kim, Kyung,Im, Seong-Kyu,Oh, Han-Jin,Jeong, In-Young,Park, Sang-Woo,Park, Yeoung-Geol,Nah, Hyeon-Ju,Im, Wook-Bin IRL Press 2006 Current eye research Vol.31 No.3
<P>Purpose : To investigate the anti-angiogenic effects of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin in a rabbit model of corneal neovascularization. Methods : One week after suturing, the localization of verteporfin in the neovascularized cornea was examined through fluorescent microscopy 1 hr after administration. Rabbits were treated with one or two times of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin at 1-week intervals. Analysis of corneal neovascularization was performed by biomicroscopic and histological examinations. Results : Fluorescent microscopy showed green fluorescence in the vascular walls and interstitial tissue of the corneal stroma. The mean percentages of neovascularized corneal area at 3 days, 1 week, and 2 weeks after one time of photodynamic therapy were 90.3% ± 3.5%, 71.6% ± 6.2%, and 43.6% ± 15.1% in treated eyes and 96.4% ± 1.9% (p = 0.10), 88.6% ± 4.6% (p = 0.01), and 76.8% ± 4.4% (p</P>
Topographic control of lipid-raft reconstitution in model membranes
Yoon, Tae-Young,Jeong, Cherlhyun,Lee, Sang-Wook,Kim, Joon Heon,Choi, Myung Chul,Kim, Sung-Jin,Kim, Mahn Won,Lee, Sin-Doo Nature Publishing Group 2006 NATURE MATERIALS Vol.5 No.4
Liquid-ordered (L<SUB>O</SUB>) domains reconstituted in model membranes have provided a useful platform for in vitro studies of the lipid-raft model, in which signalling membrane molecules are thought to be compartmentalized in sphingolipid- and cholesterol-rich domains. These in vitro studies, however, have relied on an uncontrolled phase-separation process that gives a random distribution of L<SUB>O</SUB> domains. Obviously, a precise control of the size and spatial distribution of the L<SUB>O</SUB> domains would enable a more systematic large-scale in vitro study of the lipid-raft model. The prerequisite for such capability would be the generation of a well-defined energy landscape for reconstituting the L<SUB>O</SUB> domain without disrupting the two-dimensional (2D) fluidity of the model membrane. Here we report controlling the reconstitution of the L<SUB>O</SUB> domains in a spatially selective manner by predefining a landscape of energy barriers using topographic surface modifications. We show that the selective reconstitution spontaneously arises from the 2D brownian motion of nanoscale L<SUB>O</SUB> domains and signalling molecules captured in these nanodomains, which in turn produce a prescribed, concentrated downstream biochemical process. Our approach opens up the possibility of engineering model biological membranes by taking advantage of the intrinsic 2D fluidity. Moreover, our results indicate that the topographic configuration of cellular membranes could be an important machinery for controlling the lipid raft in vivo.
Late Respiratory Infection after Lung Transplantation
( Sang Young Kim ),( Jung Ar Shin ),( Eun Na Cho ),( Min Kwang Byun ),( Hyung Jung Kim ),( Chul Min Ahn ),( Suk Jin Haam ),( Doo Yun Lee ),( Hyo Chae Paik ),( Yoon Soo Chang ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2013 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.74 No.2
Background: Aiming to improve outcome of lung transplantation (LTx) patients, we reviewed risk factors and treatment practices for the LTx recipients who experienced respiratory infection in the late post-LTx period (>1 month after LTx). Methods: We analyzed the clinical data of 48 recipients and donors from 61 LTx, who experienced late respiratory infections. Late respiratory infections were classified according to the etiology, time of occurrence, and frequency of donor-to-host transmission or colonization of the recipient prior to transplantation. Results: During the period of observation, 42 episodes of respiratory infections occurred. The organisms most frequently involved were gram (-) bacteria: Acinetobacter baumannii (n=13, 31.0%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=7, 16.7%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=4, 10.0%). Among the 42 episodes recorded, 14 occurred in the late post-LTx period. These were bacterial (n=6, 42.9%), fungal (n=2, 14.3%), viral (n=4, 28.5%), and mycobacterial (n=2, 14.3%) infections. Of 6 bacterial infections, 2 were from multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii and one from each of MDR P. aeruginosa, extended spectrum β-lactamase (+) K. pneumoniae, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Infection-related death occurred in 6 of the 14 episodes (43%). Conclusion: Although the frequency of respiratory infection decreased sharply in the late post-LTx period, respiratory infection was still a major cause of mortality. Gram (-) MDR bacteria were the agents most commonly identified in these infections.
Yoon, Mi-Ra,Koh, Hee-Jong,Lee, Sang-Chul,Kang, Mi-Young The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2009 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.52 No.5
The physicochemical properties of the endosperm components of sugary-2 mutant rice were examined, characterized and compared to that of the normal type. The protein and amylose contents as well as the palatability score were all higher in sugary-2. For fatty acids, palmitic, linoleic and linolenic acid were all present in significantly higher proportion in the sugary-2 mutant. Analysis of the minor sugars in the endosperm showed that inducing the sugary-2 gene did not increase the amount of all sugar types, higher amounts were only measured in rhamnose and fucose content. Regarding the characteristics of starch granules, the ratio of longer glucose chain length to the distribution of endosperm starches decreased with the insertion of the sugary-2 mutant gene. And it was also found that the gelatinization properties of sugary-2 mutant rice showed a general trend of lower gelatinization temperature while the gelatinization enthalphy was considerably lower.
Status of Medical Exposure in Korea
Yoon, Sei-Chul,Kim, Il-Han,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Kim, Hyuck-Joo The Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2010 방사선방어학회지 Vol.35 No.3
Medical use of radiation is increasing in recent times and its influence on the population creates almost the same amount of annual natural background radiation in industrialized countries in particular. Thus, medical radiation has become a social issue. This paper is a brief report on the status of medical exposure in Korea by way of consulting from the radiation-related medical societies in Korea.
The Survey of Job Rotation Implementation at Medium- and Small-Industries
Sang-Young Yoon,Myung-Chul Jung 대한인간공학회 2013 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.32 No.2
Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the job rotation implementation at medium- or small-industries and to identify the viewpoint on job rotation as preventive activity of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs). Background: Job rotation has been implemented in many industrial areas in order to prevent the WMSDs as one part of ergonomic program. Generally, the cases of implementation of ergonomic program or successful cases of job rotation were reported on the side of major or large company. Therefore, this study tried to inspect the current state of job rotation implementation at medium- or small-industries. Method: Survey was carried out for randomly contacted forty seven mangers responsible for safety. Survey contained the questionnaires on the general state of company, shift-work and job rotation. Results: The ratio of work-shift in medium- and small-industry was 34.0% and the ratio of job rotation was 19.1%. For manufacturing industry, the ratio was 37.9% and 17.2%, respectively. Conclusion: The implementation ratio of job rotation was relatively low considering the results of previous studies. Many managers appealed the quality decreasing of goods and the injuries of workers due to job rotation, though agreed to train the multi-functional worker and to prevent the WMSDs. Application: The results can be used for the fundamental data how the job rotation will be properly implemented in medium- and small-industry as an administrative control for MSDs.
A Comparative Study on Frequency Estimation Methods
Yoon Sang Kim,Chul-Hwan Kim,Woo-Hyeon Ban,Chul-Won Park 대한전기학회 2013 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.8 No.1
In this paper, a comparative study on the frequency estimation methods using IRDWT(Improved Recursive Discrete Wavelet Transform), FRDWT(Fast Recursive Discrete Wavelet Transform), and GCDFT(Gain Compensator Discrete Fourier Transform) is presented. The 345[kV]power system modeling data of the Republic of Korea by EMTP-RV is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed two kinds of RDWT(IRDWT and FRDWT) and GCDFT. The simulation results show that the frequency estimation technique based on FRDWT could be the optimal frequency measurement method, and thus can be applied to FDR(Fault Disturbance Recorder) for wide-area blackout protection or frequency measurement apparatus.
Technology Adoption and Skill Premium in the Knowledge Economy
( Sang Chul Yoon ) 한국경제학회 2011 The Korean Economic Review Vol.27 No.2
This paper introduces an indirect utility function with non-constant expenditure shares to analyze how technology adoption and skill premium are linked in the knowledge economy. The model shows that if and only if the technology is "general purpose technology" (GPT), technology adoption increases the skill premium in spite of the relative price decline of modern goods that are skill-intensive.