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Tuberculosis risk is associated with genetic polymorphisms in the LRP2, CUBN, and VDR genes
Sung‑Soo Kim,Sang In Lee,Hyun‑Seok Jin,Sangjung Park 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.10
Background Vitamin D (Vit. D) is used extensively during tuberculosis treatment. Low levels of serum Vit. D increase the risk of active tuberculosis development. Altered expression of the proteins involved in Vit. D metabolism impairs cathelicidin production, thereby increasing the host susceptibility to tuberculosis. Objective We are trying to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in LRP2, CUBN, and VDR genes could afect tuberculosis development. Methods We included participants of the Korean Association Resource (KARE), part of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), and used their recorded data. A total of 8840 people (4182 men and 4658 women) were eligible subjects. The 5-kb regions from the ends of transcripts of GC, LRP2, CUBN, and VDR genes were amplifed to select 13, 47, 70, and 15 SNPs, respectively. For association analysis and statistical analysis, PLINK version 1.07 and PASW Statistics version 18.0 were used. Results Signifcant correlation was observed in 11, 2, and 1 SNPs in LRP2, CUBN, and VDR genes. The efect of rs6747692 of LRP2 on transcription factor binding was confrmed using RegulomeDB. We confrmed that rs2239182 of VDR is located in the genomic eQTL region and can afect transcription factor binding and gene expression. Conclusions Genetic polymorphisms in genes encoding proteins involved in Vit. D metabolism infuence immune system components. Therefore, such polymorphisms may infuence the susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis invasion and alter the defense mechanisms against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The correlation between genetic variation and tuberculosis development can provide new guidelines for the management of tuberculosis.
Sung‑Soo Kim,Sangyeob Lim,Dong‑Hyun Ahn,Gyeong‑Geun Lee,Kunok Chang 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.4
We analyzed the microstructural characteristics such as number density and length and width of hydrides in Zr–2.5 wt%Nbpressure tube. The hydrogen was charged cathodically and the hydride-contained sample was evaluated using the advancedanalysis methodologies. We performed a diff erential scanning calorimetry analysis to more quantitatively understand thethermodynamics of the hydride formation/growth process. We characterized the micrograph of hydride-contained Zr samplesto estimate the microstructural characteristics of the matrix and hydrides. We investigated eff ects of hydrogen concentrationand microstructure of matrix on determining microstructural measures of the hydrides. Particularly, we found that β phasein the matrix becomes isolated during the heat treatment same or above 475 °C and this change increases the inhomogeneousnucleation sites signifi cantly. We claim that the microstructure change of this matrix phase greatly increases the numberdensity of hydride.
Structural and Optical Properties of TiO2 Films Prepared Using Reactive RF Magnetron Sputtering
Sang-HunJeong,Bong-SooKim,Byung-TeakLee,HyukRyulPark,Jae-KeunKim 한국물리학회 2002 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.41 No.1
Preparation of TiO2 lms having superior optical and structural characteristics was attempted using a conventional rf magnetron sputtering by modifying deposition variables, such as the substrate temperature and the gas composition in the sputtering ambient. TiO2 lms grown without O2 addition showed considerable optical loss due to the optical absorption by an oxygen deciency in the lm and the scattering by large surface roughness. However, TiO2 lms grown with O2 addition had a stoichiometric composition and a smooth surface morphology without optical loss. Substrate heating during deposition enhanced the packing density and crystallinity of the lm, and as a result, TiO2 lms with higher refractive index and better homogeneity could be obtained with substrate heating between 200 C and 400 C.
Structural Investigations of MBE-Grown InAs Layers on GaAs
Sung-ManKim,Sang-heonLee,HowoonKim,Jang-KyooShin,Jae-YoungLeem,Jong-SuKim,Jin-SooKim 한국물리학회 2002 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.40 No.1
High-quality InAs films were grown by varying GaAs the buffer layer thickness and using different substrates, both 2-tilted toward the [0 11] and non-tilted GaAs(100) substrate, by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Their electrical and structure properties were investigated by Hall measurements, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution X-ray diraction (HRXRD). The 0.5- m InAs film grown on a 2-tilted GaAs substrate and the 1-m InAs lm on non-tilted GaAs substrate had electron mobilities of 10,952 cm2/Vs and 11,944 cm2/Vs, respectively, with same Si doping concentration at room temperature. TEM images showed that high-quality InAs epitaxial layers were obtained with reduced dislocation density at the InAs/GaAs interface.
Enhanced the electrochemical performances of Ni-rich LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode by ZrO2 coating
Sung-Joo Jo,Hyun-SooKim,Do-Yeong Hwang,Bong Soo Jin,Seong-Ju Sim,Jae-Soo Shin,Seung-Hwan Lee 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2020 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.21 No.6
ZrO2 coated Ni-rich LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode has enhanced electrochemical performance and stability compared with thepristine. The discharge capacity of both samples have no significant difference. However, the 1.77 wt% ZrO2 coatedLiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 material delivers enhanced charge-discharge cycling (capacity retention of 97.1 % after 100 cycles at 0.5C) while the capacity retention of pristine is 94.8 % under the same condition. Based on these, we can infer that the ZrO2coated LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 material shows great cyclability, originated from suppressing undesirable side reaction and decreaseeffectively electrolyte decomposition reaction. Therefore, the ZrO2 coated Ni-rich LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode can beconsidered as an effective strategy for long-life Li-ion batteries.
Sang-HeeKwak,Tae-HyunYang,Chang-SooKim,KiHyunYoon 한국세라믹학회 2003 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.40 No.2
The performance evaluation on Pt loading in the self-humidifying polymer electrolyte membrane for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) was investigated by using single cell test and measurement of membrane resistance. The self-humidifying membrane comprised two membranes made of perfluorosulfonylfluroride copolymer resin and fine Pt particles lying between them, coated by sputtering. From the results of performance characteristics of self-humidifying membrane cell with different Pt loading, a single cell using self-humidifying membrane with 0.15 mg/cm2 Pt loading showed better performance than that with the others over entire current density. Also, a single cell with 0.15 mg/cm2 Pt loading had a lower resistance value than the other cells under externally nonhumidifying condition. It is indicated that the water produced in the membrane cell with 0.15 mg/cm2 Pt loading showed a higher provision to maintain ionic conductivity of the membrane than the other cells. The optimum amount of Pt particles embedded in the membrane for self-humidifying PEMFC was determined to be about 0.15 mg/cm2.