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Chun, Yoon-Keun,Ha, Joo-hun,Hong-Jung-Woo,Oh, Soo-Myung,Kim, Sung-Soo 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1
Yoon-Keun Chun¹,Joohun Ha□Hong-Jung Woo□, Soo Myung Oh□,Sung Soo Kim□ ¹Department of Molecular Biology, College of Medicine,²Department of Surgery, college of Medicine,³Department of Internal Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine,and ⁴East-Weat Medical Reserch Institute,Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea. The HBV DNA Amounts in Serum Have No relationship with ALT level and Hetergeneous Population Coexits in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Proceedings of International Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 212-230, 1999. -Hepatitis B is caused by hepadnavirus. Hepatitis B virus replicates through 3.5kb pregenomic RNA intermediate which is regulated by core promoter. Pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus has been bilieved the result of host immune response. But recently many studies have reported that high level of viral replication caused by mutation in core promoter might result in severs hepatitis. But these studies were performed in vitro, not in vivo. So there is yet debate about which factor, viral of host factor, is more important in pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus. So we measured real viral replication level in 204 chronic hepatitis B patients by quantifying HBV DNA from sera by our novel PCR-based more sensitive method, and compared these results with ALT level measured from same sera, which indicates liver cell damage. Surprisingly there are no significant correlation between HBV DNA quantity and ALT level. Then we cloned core promoter region. In SSCP, we found that many viral mutants coexist in one patient. Base on SSCP result, we chose main viral core promoter type in each patients, which is thought to determine overall viral replication level in this patient. Main type of core promoter region of each 41 patients were directly sequenced. And with these we measured promoter activity by luciferase assay system and compared promoter activity with on another. We found tha there were some differences in promoter activity according to core promoter sequences. And we constructed replication-competent viral constructs with core promoter from 41 patients and Transfected these into HepG2 cell and measured HBV DNA by southern blot. There were also differences in HBV DNA quantity according to core promoter sequences. On these all results we investigated correlation between the effect of HBV core promoter on viral replication in vitro and HBN DNA quantity, ALT level from sera of each patients. We found there is no significant correlation among them. As a result, we concluded that in determining severity chronic hepatitis B patients, host factors of each patient is more important rather than replicative activity of virus itself.
RECOVERY OF LOCOMOTION AFTER DORSAL HEMISECTION OF SPINAL CORD IN ADULT RAT
Chun, Churl-Hong,Song, Ha-Heon,Kim, Jong-Hwan,Shim, Dae-Moo,Kim, Sang-Soo,Ko, Myoung-Chul 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1995 圓光醫科學 Vol.11 No.1
성숙한 12마리의 횐쥐에서 제6번 흉추의 척수 후방 편측손상을 일으킨 후, 족부 직교절선(the kinematics of foot trajectories)의 운동역학을 컴퓨터에 의한 운동 분석기술을 이용하여, 정량적으로 분석한바 놀랍게도 이 동물들에서 운동이 3∼4주 이내에 거의 정상으로 회복되었다. 후방편측 절단후 즉시 횡적 및 수직적 족후부 운동은 극적으로 감소 되었으나, 3주째, 횡적운동의 진폭은 손상전의 수준으로 회복 되었다. 상-하지 협동작용도 초기에는 손상 되었지만 3주내에 정상으로 회복 되었다. 하지 유각기(swing phase)의 기전은 절단후 증가되어 점차로 회복되었으나 완전히 정상으로 회복되지는 못하였다. 족후부 수직운동의 최고 증폭(1.84±0.34)은 후방 편측성 절단후에 0.56±0.21㎝까지 감소 되었다. 이 연구에서 다양하게 분석된 모든 영역의 운동역학은 3∼4주 이내에 손상된 기준으로 회복 되었으나 수직운동의 진폭과 속도는 거의 회복되지 않았다. 따라서 수직 운동의 진폭과 속도가 운동기능을 평가하는 아주 중요한 변수들인 것을 알수있었다. 결론적으로 컴퓨터와 비디오영상을 이용한 운동역학 분석은 신경손상후 운동결손을 발견하기 위한 유용한 방법으로 생각되었다. Using computerized motion analysis techniques, the kinematics of foot trajectories was quantitatively analyzed in twelve rats before and after T6 dorsal spinal cord hemisection. Surprisingly, locomotion in these animals were nearly normal within four weeks. Immediately following dorsal hemisection, horizontal and vertical hindfeet movements were dramatically reduced. By three weeks, the amplitudes of horizontal movement (stride length) returned to pre~lesion levels. Forelimb-hindlimb coordination was also initially disrupted but returned to normal within three weeks. The duration of hindlimb swing phase increased after sectioning, gradually recovered, but never returned to pre-lesion levels. Peak amplitudes (1.84±0.34 ㎝) of hindlimb vertical movement declined to 0.56±0.21 ㎝ after dorsal hemisection. Similarly, peak velocities of hindlimb vertical movement dramatically decreased from 32.688±7.02 ㎝/s to 8.62±3.24 ㎝/s after the hemisection. Although all other kinematic variables analyzed in this study returned to prelesion values within three to four weeks, the amplitude and velocity of vertical movements showed very little recovery, suggesting that these are the most important parameters in assessing locomotor function. This video assisted, computerized kinematic analysis is a sensitive technique for the detection of minor motor deficits following nerve injuries.
Analysis of BRD Components Over Major Land Types of Korea
Sang Il Kim,Kyung Soo Han,Soo Jea Park,Kyoung Jin Pi,In Hwan Kim,Min Ji Lee,Sun Gu Lee,Young Sik Chun 大韓遠隔探査學會 2010 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.26 No.6
The land surface reflectance is a key parameter influencing the climate near the surface. Therefore, it must be determined with sufficient accuracy for climate change research. In particular, the characteristics of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) when using earth observation system (EOS) are important for normalizing the reflected solar radiation from the earth's surface. Also, wide swath satellites like SPOT/VGT (VEGETATION) permit sufficient angular sampling, but high resolution satellites are impossible to obtain sufficient angular sampling over a pixel during short period because of their narrow swath scanning. This gives a difficulty to BRDF model based reflectance normalization of high resolution satellites. The principal objective of the study is to add BRDF modeling of high resolution satellites and to supply insufficient angular sampling through identifying BRDF components from SPOT/VGT. This study is performed as the preliminary data for apply to high-resolution satellite. The study provides surface parameters by eliminating BRD effect when calculated biophysical index of plant by BRDF model. We use semi-empirical BRDF model to identify the BRD components. This study uses SPOT/VGT satellite data acquired in the S1 (daily) data. Modeled reflectance values show a good agreement with measured reflectance values from SPOT satellite. This study analyzes BRD effect components by using the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and the angle components such as solar zenith angle, satellite zenith angle and relative azimuth angle. Geometric scattering kernel mainly depends on the azimuth angle variation and volumetric scattering kernel is less dependent on the azimuth angle variation. Also, forest from land cover shows the wider distribution of value than cropland, overall tendency is similar. Forest shows relatively larger value of geometric term (K1·f1) than cropland, When performed comparison between cropland and forest. Angle and NDVI value are closely related.
A Comparison of Alcohol Secondhand Effects among Korean and U.S. College Students
Chun, Sung-Soo,Sohn, Ae-Ree,Reid, Easton A.,Inot, Rubelyn,Kim, Mi-Kyung,Percoheles, Grace,Lee, Sang-Sook,Wechsler, Henry Korean Society for Health Education and Promotion 2009 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.26 No.5
목적: 이 연구는 한국과 미국대학생의 음주로 인한 간접피해수준을 상대적으로 비교하기 위해 설계되었다. 방법: 하버드대학교의 대학생음주연구(CAS)의 2001년도의 원자료 10,924명의 데이터와 한국대학생음주연구(KCAS)의 2003년도의 원자료 2,385명의 데이터를 하나의 파일에 함께 넣어서 분석하였다. 조사도구는 CAS의 대학생용 조사설문지를 사용하였으며, 한국의 주종과 량과 관련하여서는 표준잔과 량을 기준으로 적용하였다. 지난 한 달 동안의 음주하였다고 한 학생의 알코올관련문제 및 간접피해의 정도를 비교하였으며, 연령과 음주빈도 와 음주량 통제하여 로지스틱회귀분석의 결과로 제시하였다. 결과: 한국대학생들이 술 취한 동료를 돌봄, 성적인 폭행, 데이트 강간, 구토물들을 발견하는 것 등의 간접피해를 많이 받는 반면에 미국대학생들은 모욕을 당함, 심하게 다툼, 밀침을 당함, 학업에 방해를 받음, 폭행을 당함, 원치 않은 섹스를 함 등의 간접피해를 더 많이 겪고 있다. 결론: 미국대학생들은 상호관계에 의한 간접피해를 많이 느끼는데 비해서, 한국대학생들은 개인적이고 신체적인 간접피해를 더 많이 느끼고 있다. Objectives: To compare alcohol secondhand effects among US and Korean students. Methods: Nationally representative 4-year colleges of two countries were involved in this cross-national comparison study. Data from the 2001 U.S. College Alcohol Study and the 2003 Korean College Alcohol Study came from 120 colleges in 38 U.S. states and the District of Columbia and 60 colleges in Korea. Randomly selected 4-year college students from the U.S. (10,924) and Korea (2,385) participated in the study using self-reports of alcohol use and perceptions of drinking as assessed by College Alcohol Study questionnaires. Results: Korean students were tend to more likely to have being a victim of sexual assault or date rape, having to take care of drunken students and finding vomit in the hall or bathroom of residence, than US students, while US students were tend to more likely to have being insulted or humiliated, having a serious argument and quarrel, being pushed, hit, or assaulted, having study/sleep interrupted, and experiencing an unwanted sexual advance than Korean students. Conclusion: In general, US students were more likely to suffer interrelationship problems after drinking while Korean students were more likely to have physical and individual drinking related problems.