현행 결과적 가중범 규정들의 개정방안에 관한 연구

조상제(Cho Sang?Je) 한국형사법학회 2007 刑事法硏究 Vol.19 No.3

범죄조직과 테러단체의 연계가능성과 그 의미에 관한 고찰

조성제 ( Sung Je Cho ) 이실학회(구 한국경찰이론과실무학회) 2009 경찰연구논집 Vol.4 No.-

오늘날 테러자금의 확보?종교적 동기·훈련된 조직원의 편리성 등으로 테러단체와 범죄조직의 연계는 더욱 더 크질 것으로 판단된다. 그리고 그만큼 테러단체인지의 판단여부는 어려워질 것이다. 국회에 제출된 법률안 중 국가정보원이 주축이 되어 마련된 `테러방지법안`(이하 은제2조 제2호에서 테러단체라 함은 그 설립목적의 여하를 불문하고 그 구성원이 지속적으로 테러를 행하는 국내외의 결사 또는 집단을 말한다고, 17대 국회에서 조성태의원 등이 발의한 `테러방지 및 피해보전 등에 관한 법률안은 제2조 제2호에서 테러단체라 함은 테러의 준비·선전·선동 또는 실행 등과 관련된 단체로서 UN에서 테러단체로 지정한 단체 및 테러와 관련하여 이 단체를 지원하거나 이 단체로부터 지원을 받는 국내외의 결사 또는 집단을 말한다고, 최근에 18대 국회에서 공성진의원 등이 발의한 `국가 대테러활동에 관한 기본법안`은 2조 제2호에서 테러단체라 함은 테러를 목적으로 하는 국내외의 결사 또는 집단으로서 UN에서 테러단체로 지정한 단체와 국가테러대책회의에서 심의·의결한 단체에 따라 지정된 단체 및 이러한 단체를 지원하거나 지원을 받는 단체를 말한다고 규정하고 있다. 국회에 제출된 법률안들을 기준으로 살펴보면, UN에서 테러단체로 지정한 단체와 국가테러대책회의에서 심의·의결한 단체 뿐만 아니라, 이러한 단체를 지원하거나 지원을 받는 단체도 테러단체로 파악하기에, 심의·의결하여 테러단체로 지정하는 것은 매우 중요한 의미를 갖는다. 그러한 면에서 국내외 범죄조직과 테러단체에 대한 정확한 정보와 그에 대한 분석이 필요하며, 이를 기초로 테러단체의 범위를 구체적으로 정할 수 있는 방안을 모색하여야 한다. 이를 위하여 이러한 정보의 수집·분석과 이를 통한 테러단체의 지정과 관련하여, 국가기관을 유기적으로 총괄·조정하는 기관이 필요하다고 생각하며, 아울러 이를 뒷받침 할 테러방지법의 제정이 이루어져야 한다고 생각한다. Today it comes to conclusion that it increases connection of a terror group and a criminal syndicate by means of guarantee of terror-funds, religious movements and convenience of trained gangster. Then it is difficult for us to know whether they are a terror group. A government measure bill, Sung-Tae Jo`s bill and Sung-Jin Gong`s bill at National Assembly stipulate a group designated as terror groups by UN, a group considered and decided by National Terrorism Measure Assembly as terror groups UN have not stipulated explicitly and we don`t have a concrete standard about a group considered and decided by National Terrorism Measure Assembly in those bills Not to decide concretely about ranges of a terror group have many places to infringe human-rights because scopes of a terror group are ambiguous. Looking bill submitted at National Assembly, we have a importance meaning to appoint as terror groups that support or supported as well as a group designated as terror groups by UN, a group considered and decided by National Terrorism Measure Assembly Consequently, we need correct information and analysis of a internal and external criminal syndicate and a terror group and must find a resolution to decide ranges of a terror group concretely on basis of them. Therefore I think that we need organization that control systematically and must legislate supporting Anti-terrorism law in connection with collection and analysis of correct information and appointment of terror groups.

An Exploration of Innovative and Enterprise Education Of Chinese Undergraduate in a Global Perspective

Li Yonghui, Sung-je Cho1 인문사회과학예술융합학회 2018 인문사회과학예술융합학회지 Vol.2 No.2

with the development and demand of the society, as well as the increasingly severe form of Undergraduate Students’ employment, the general institutions of higher education in China, it’s better to carry out the reform of the system from the elite to the mass education. By analyzing the present situation of Undergraduate’s independent entrepreneurship education in the Chinese institutions of higher education and comparing the innovative and entrepreneurial education in the developed countries in the world。This paper puts forward a strategy to adapt to the innovation and entrepreneurship education of the Chinese institutions, and makes a theoretical guidance for the feasibility of independent entrepreneurship for the undergraduate students, it’s to make more students trying to be independent. Entrepreneurship, that will expand the new situation for the employment of university graduates. Key words: Exploration; Innovative and Enterprise; Education Chinese Undergraduate; Global Perspective

Construction of Stably Transformed Bm 5 Cells by Using Autographa californica Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus IE 0 Gene

Cho, Eun Sook,Jin, Byung Rae,Sohn, Hung Dae,Choi, Kwang Ho,Kim, Soung Ryul,Kang, Seok Woo,Yun, Eun Young,Kim, Sang Hyun,Kim, Keun Young,Je, Yeon Ho,Kang, Seok Kwon 한국잠사학회 1998 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.40 No.2

To construct transfurmed Bm5 cells, Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus(AcNPV) IE1 gene, an immediate early viral gene was firstly used in this study. AcNPV IE1 gene, which shares on 95.3% nucleotide sequence homology with Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) IE1 gene, was isolated and cloned into pBluescript. Neomycin gene from pKO-neo was inserted under the control of the IE1 promoter to yield pAcIE1-neo. The plasmid pAcIE1-neo was transfected into Bm5 or Sf9 cells, and neomycin-resistant cells were selected in TC100 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1 mg/ml G4l8 for two weeks. Individual clones were picked and each was amplified for further characterization. The genomic DNA from neomycin-resistant cells was isolated and characterized by PCR using AcNPV IEI gene-specific primers and by Southern blot analysis using neomycin gene probe. We concluded that AcNPV IE1 gene was functional in B. mori-derived Bm5 cells as well as Spodoptera fugjprrda-derived Sf9 cells to produce stably-transformed insect cells

Development of a 1.5 kV, 1.2 kA Pulsed-Power Supply for Light Sintering

Cho, Chan-Gi,Song, Seung-Ho,Park, Su-Mi,Park, Hyeon-Il,Bae, Jung-Soo,Jang, Sung-Roc,Ryoo, Hong-Je Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2017 IEEE transactions on plasma science Vol. No.

<P>This paper presents the design and experimental results of the 36-kW pulsed-power supply for the xenon flash lamp. The continuous conduction mode series-parallel resonant converter is modified. This means that not only the few hundred kilohertz of high switching frequency is introduced to replace the resonant inductor with the leakage inductor of transformer but also the high output current is accomplished by using three-phase delta-connected transformers. In addition, the snubber capacitor of the inverter switches and the power factor correction module is both omitted in the compact structure. Although these main components have changed, the efficiency and power factor of the rated dummy load reach 96% and 0.96%, respectively. Within 36-kW average power, the proposed pulsed-power supply can generate as versatile combination of output pulse. For example, it can generate 20-ms pulse with 1-Hz repetition rate or generate 1-ms pulse with 20-Hz repetition rate. The used insulated gate bipolar transistor is protected from the turn-OFF peak voltage by the snubber circuit, and the effect of the snubber circuit is shown at the actual load condition.</P>

Palilalia, echolalia, and echopraxia–palipraxia as ictal manifestations in a patient with left frontal lobe epilepsy

Cho, Yang-Je,Han, Sang-Don,Song, Sook Keun,Lee, Byung In,Heo, Kyoung Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Epilepsia Vol.50 No.6

<P>Summary</P><P>Palilalia is a relatively rare pathologic speech behavior and has been reported in various neurologic and psychiatric disorders. We encountered a case of palilalia, echolalia, and echopraxia–palipraxia as ictal phenomena of left frontal lobe epilepsy. A 55-year-old, right-handed man was admitted because of frequent episodes of rapid reiteration of syllables. Video-electroencephalography monitoring revealed stereotypical episodes of palilalia accompanied by rhythmic head nodding and right-arm posturing with ictal discharges over the left frontocentral area. He also displayed echolalia or echopraxia–palipraxia, partially responding to an examiner’s stimulus. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed encephalomalacia on the left superior frontal gyrus and ictal single photon emission computed tomography showed hyperperfusion just above the lesion, corresponding to the left supplementary motor area (SMA), and subcortical nuclei. This result suggests that the neuroanatomic substrate involved in the generation of these behaviors as ictal phenomena might exist in the SMA of the left frontal lobe.</P>

Synthesis and characterization of fluorene-based copolymers containing siloxane or distilbene moieties on their main chain

Cho, Hoon-Je,Park, Moo-Jin,Hwang, Do-Hoon,Ahn, Taek,Hong, Ji-Won,Lee, Jonghee,Cho, Nam Sung,Shim, Hong-Ku Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Journal of polymer science Part A, Polymer chemist Vol.47 No.6

<P>Two novel types of polyfluorene copolymers containing siloxane linkages or distilbene moieties on their main-chains were synthesized by Ni(0)-mediated Yamamoto coupling polymerization. These polymers, designated P2Silo05, P2Silo15, PF-P02, and PF-P05 were prepared by copolymerization between 2,7-dibromo-9,9′-dihexylfluorene and bis(bromobenzene)-terminated disiloxane monomer (for P2Silo05 and P2Silo15) or dibromodistilbene monomer (for PF-P02 and PF-P05). All of the polymers were highly soluble in common organic solvents such as chloroform, toluene, and p-xylene. The glass transition temperatures of the polymers were between 92 and 113 °C, and the decomposition temperatures for a 5% weight loss (T<SUB>d</SUB>) were above 420 °C for all of the polymers, demonstrating high thermal stability. The molecular weight (M<SUB>w</SUB>) of the polymers ranged from 4.2 × 10<SUP>4</SUP> to 8.8 × 10<SUP>4</SUP>. The blue shift of the maximum in the UV-visible absorption was greater in polymers with a higher molar percentage of siloxane linkages or distilbene moieties than in homo poly (dihexylfluorene) (PDHF). However, the photoluminescence spectra of the polymers were similar to those of PDHF in terms of the onsets and patterns. Single-layer light-emitting diodes were fabricated with a configuration of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymers/Ca/Al. The maximum electroluminescence emission wavelengths of the polymers were 425–450 nm, corresponding to pure blue light. The CIE co-ordinates of the polyfluorenes containing siloxane linkages or distilbene moieties ranged from (0.21, 0.21) to (0.17, 0.10), indicating deeper blue light than that of PDHF {CIE co-ordinates of (0.25, 0.29)}, with P2Silo15 giving the deepest blue-light {CIE co-ordinates of (0.17, 0.10)}. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 1595–1608, 2009</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>We have synthesized two types of polyfluorene copolymers containing siloxane linkages or distilbene moieties on their main-chains. To the best of our knowledge, P2Silo05 and P2Silo15 are the first polyfluorene copolymers that contain siloxane linkages on their main-chains. Interestingly, the CIE coordinates of the polyfluorenes containing siloxane linkages or distilbene moieties ranged from (0.21, 0.21) to (0.17, 0.10), indicating a deeper blue light emission than that of PDHF {CIE coordinates of (0.25, 0.29)}. <img src='wiley_img/0887624X-2009-47-6-POLA23259-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/0887624X-2009-47-6-POLA23259-gra001'> </P>

Long-term efficacy and tolerability of topiramate as add-on therapy in refractory partial epilepsy: An observational study

Cho, Yang-Je,Heo, Kyoung,Kim, Won-Joo,Jang, Sang Hyun,Jung, Yo Han,Ye, Byoung Seok,Song, Dong Beom,In Lee, Byung Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Epilepsia Vol.50 No.8

<P>Summary</P><P><U>Purpose:</U> </P><P>To evaluate the long-term efficacy and tolerability of topiramate (TPM) as add-on therapy in patients with refractory partial epilepsy.</P><P><U>Methods:</U> </P><P>This is a retrospective, single-center, long-term observational study. Patients fulfilling the criteria of medical intractability proposed by Berg et al. were entered into the study if they were newly prescribed TPM as add-on therapy between January 2000 and June 2002. The usual starting dosage of TPM was 50 mg/day and optimal-dose adjustments were made according to individual clinical responses. Efficacy and tolerability were analyzed every year during 5-year follow-up in the “intention-to-treat (ITT) population.” Retention rate was estimated by Kaplan-Meyer analysis.</P><P><U>Results:</U> </P><P>A total of 125 patients were included in the study and 107 patients (85.6%) were followed for 5 years. Retention rate was 87.2% at 1 year and 64% at 5 years. At the end of 5 years, the median seizure frequency reduction rate was 69.0% and responder rate was 43.2% in the ITT population. Cumulative seizure-free rate (SFR) was 30.4% and the terminal 1-year SFR was 12.8% in the ITT population (20.0% in completers) at 5-year follow-up. Adverse events (AEs) occurred in 39.2% of patients, including significant AEs leading to antiepileptic drug (AED) withdrawal in 14.4%. The most common AEs were anorexia (16.0%), weight loss (10.4%), and gastrointestinal symptoms (8.8%). Concomitant AEDs were reduced in 25.0% of the completers.</P><P><U>Discussion:</U> </P><P>Low-dose and slow-dose escalation of TPM in add-on therapy for patients with refractory partial epilepsy is effective and well tolerated in long-term, individualized clinical practice.</P>

Risk factors for specific methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clones in a Korean hospital

Cho, Dong Taek,Cha, Hwa Yun,Chang, Hyun-Ha,Kim, Shin-Woo,Chung, Jae Myung,Kim, Jungmin,Lee, Yoo Chul,Seol, Sung Yong,Lee, Je Chul Oxford University Press 2006 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy Vol.57 No.6

<P><I>Objectives</I>: To analyse the risk factors for nosocomial methicillin-resistant <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> (MRSA) infections caused by different clonal types.</P><P><I>Methods</I>: A total of 134 non-duplicate nosocomial MRSA isolates were analysed for clonal types by molecular typing techniques. The medical records of 90 patients who had documented MRSA infection were evaluated retrospectively.</P><P><I>Results</I>: Two predominant MRSA clones of sequence types (STs) ST239 (<I>n</I>=75) and ST5 (<I>n</I>=39) accounted for 85% of the isolates. Management of patients in the departments of orthopaedic surgery, neurosurgery and plastic surgery was identified as a risk factor for infection with MRSA of ST239, while the presence of intravascular catheters was a risk factor for infection with ST5. Pulmonary infection was significantly higher in the patients infected with ST239 strains than in the patients infected with ST5 strains (<I>P</I> < 0.05). The overall mean duration of antimicrobial therapy for the patients with ST239 infection was significantly more than that for the patients with ST5 infection (<I>P</I> < 0.05).</P><P><I>Conclusions</I>: ST239 and ST5 were the predominant MRSA clones in the study hospital. Risk factors were significantly different between ST239 and ST5 strains. The results of this study will be of use in designing larger prospective epidemiological studies for MRSA infection based on clonal types.</P>

Synthesis and characterization of novel germanium-containing poly(p-phenylenevinylene) derivatives

Cho, Hoon-Je,Hwang, Do-Hoon,Lee, Jong-Don,Cho, Nam-Sung,Lee, Sang-Kyu,Lee, Jonghee,Jung, Young Kwan,Shim, Hong-Ku Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2008 Journal of polymer science Part A, Polymer chemist Vol.46 No.3

<P>Novel blue-emitting germanium-containing poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) derivatives with well-defined conjugation lengths were synthesized via Wittig-condensation polymerizations. The polymers can be color-tuned by the introduction of various chromophores into the PPV-based polymer backbones. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the polymers, GePVK (containing carbazole moieties), GeMEH (containing dialkoxybenzene moieties), and GePTH (containing phenothiazine moieties), were found to exhibit blue, greenish blue, and green emissions, respectively. GePTH produces more red-shifted emission than GeMEH and GEPVK, resulting in green emission, and the solution and solid state PL spectra of GePVK consist of almost blue emission. The electroluminescence spectra of GeMEH and GePTH contain yellowy green and yellow colors, respectively. Interestingly, GePVK exhibits white emission with CIE coordinates of (0.33, 0.37) due to electroplex emission in the light-emitting diodes. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 979–988, 2008</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Three novel germanium-containing poly(p-phenylenevinylene) derivatives—GePVK, GeMEH, and GePTH—were successfully synthesized via Wittig-condensation polymerization. The polymers can be color-tuned by the introduction of various chromophores into the PPV-based polymer backbones. The photoluminescence spectra of the polymers, GePVK, GeMEH, and GePTH, were found to exhibit blue, greenish blue, and green emissions, respectively. <img src='wiley_img/0887624X-2008-46-3-POLA22441-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/0887624X-2008-46-3-POLA22441-gra001'> </P>