Graphs with fixed number of pendent vertices and minimal Zeroth-order general Randic index

Su, G.,Tu, J.,Das, K.Ch. Elsevier [etc.] 2015 Applied Mathematics and Computation Vol.270 No.-

We investigate the graph with minimal Zeroth-order general Randic index in terms of its order n, pendent number N<SUB>1</SUB> and cyclomatic number γ ≥ 0. Extremal graphs were completely characterized for cases of γ=0,1,2, which can be directly extended for graphs with cyclomatic number γ ≥ 3.

갱년기 증상에 대한 생활 스트레스의 영향

정숙형,조성수,최석,성낙진,박기흠 大韓家庭醫學會 1997 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.18 No.2

월경(越境)하는 정체성 : 제일한인, 민족, 그리고 '우리' Koreans in Japan, Nation, and 'We'

권숙인 中央大學校 民族發展硏究院 2002 民族發展硏究 Vol.- No.7

Modified Teuscher Appliance의 치료효과에 관한 연구

안석준,김충배,남동석 대한치과교정학회 2001 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.31 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 modified Teuscher Appliance(MTA)와 bionator를 이용하여 치료한 II급 1류 부정교합 환자의 치료전후 측모 두부방사선계측사진을 비교분석함으로써 두 장치 사이의 치료효과에 대한 차이를 밝혀내어 성장하는 II급 1류 부정교합을 가진 환자들의 치료에 도움을 얻는데 있다. MTA 및 bionator를 이용하여 성공적으로 치료한 혼합치열기 II급 1류 부정교합 환자 20명의 치료전과 치료후 두부 방사선계측사진의 계측항목을 계측한 후, 두군 사이에 나타나는 치료효과의 차이를 알아보기 위해 치료전후 항목의 차이를 구하였다. 이 항목들에 대해 t-test를 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.양군 사이에 통계적인 유의성이 나타난 선계측 항목으로 Ul to FH, Ul to PP, U6 to PP, U6 to FH, Ar-Pog, ramus height(S-Go), Ll to A-Pog, Ll to facial plane 등이 있었다(p<0.05). 2.양군 사이에 통계적 유의성이 크게 나타난 각도계측 항목으로 SNB, SNA, FABA(FH to AB plane angle), APDI 등이 있었다(p<0.05). 3.양군 사이에 성장양상을 나타내는 Facial height ratio, Bj□rk sum, FMA, SN-MP angle 등은 통계적 인 유의성을 보이지 않았다(p>0.05) 이상의 결과를 통해 II급 1류 부정교합을 치료하는데 있어 bionator는 주로 하악골과 하악치열에 상대적으로 효과가 크게 나타나며, MTA는 상악골과 상악치열에 더 큰 효과가 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 이런 결과는 두 장치가 각기 다른 치료기전을 가지고 있으므로, 다른 종류의 부정교합에 적용해야 한다는 것을 가리킨다. (주요 단어 : Modified Teuscher Appliance, Bionator, II급 1류 부정교합) The purpose of this study was to evaluate treatment effects of the modified Teuscher appliance (MTA) in early Class II division 1 malocclusion. For this purpose, treatment effects of the bionator were compared with those of the MTA. The twenty subjects who were treated excellently with bionator and MTA were selected in each group. In pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalograms, 50 variables were measured, and then the differences between pretreatment and posttreatment data of the bionator and the MTA were statisticallv evaluated by t-test. The results were as follows : 1.The linear measurements that showed large difference between the bionator group and the MTA group are U1 to FH, U1 to PP, U6 to FH, U6 to PP, Ar-Pog, ramus height, Ll to A-Pog, L1 to facial plane (p<0.05). 2.The angular measurements that showed large difference between the bionator group and the MTA group are SNB, SNA, FABA, APDI (p<0.05). 3.The measurements of the growth pattern such as facial height ratio, FMA, SN-MP angle showed no difference between two groups (p>0.05). These results suggest that the bionator influence the mandiblar growth and lower dentoalveolar structures more than the MTA, and the MTA influence upper jaw and upper dentoalveolar structures more than the bionator comparatively in early Class II division I malocclusion. ※ Key words : Modified Teuscher appliance, Bionator, Class II division 1 malocclusion

2차 및 3차 병원에서 분리된 균종들에 대한 항생제 감수성

이숙경,장명웅 고신대학교 의학부 1999 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.14 No.1-2

Objective : This study was carried out to compare the isolation rates of antibiotic resistant bacteria between the secondary hospital (B) and the tertiary hospital (P). Materials and Methods : The 3,813 strains of bacteria were isolated from various specimens in the B and P hospital. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by disc diffusion method with ampicillin, carbenicillin, cefamandole, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, ampicillin-sulbactam, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, cephalothin, ceftazidime, piperacillin, amikacin, tobramycin, vancomycin, erythromycin, oxacillin, penicillin, and clindamycin. Result : The major pathogenic bacteria with high isolation rate in both the B and the P hospital were E. coli, K pneumoniae, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa. The isolation rate of E coli, a resistance to cefamandole, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, ampicillin-sulbactam, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was attentively higher in the P hospital than in the B hospital. The isolation rate of K. pneurnoniae, a resistance to ampicillin, carbenicillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, ampicillin-sulbactam, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was attentively high in the P hospital. The isolation rate of S. aureus, a resistance to ampicillin-sulbactam, cephalothin, tnmethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, oxacillin, and enicillin was attentively high in the P hospital. The isolation rate of P. aeruginosa, a resistance to gentamicin, imipenem, and amikacin was attentively high in the P hospital. The isolation rate of S. epidermidis, a resistance to ampicillin-sulbactam, cephalothin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was attentively high in the P hospital. The isolation rate of P. mirabilis, a resistance to cefamandole, cefotaxime, gentamicin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and cephalothin was attentively high in the P hospital. Conclusion : The isolation frequency of the antibiotic resistant bacteria from the P hospital was higher than that of the B hospital. These results demonstrate that the isolation frequency of the antibiotic resistant bacteria from both B and P hospital showed some difference according to the kinds of antibiotics and bacterial strains. These results attracted our attention to use of antibiotics, and it is urgent to arrange a countermeasure against the abuse of the antibiotic agents.

남원고사계 춘향전의 이본 연구

김석배 金烏工科大學校 1991 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze The Tale of Chunhyang's five variant versions under "the category of Namwon-gosa : Namwon-gosa owned by the Oriental Language School in Paris, The Tale of Chunhyang by the Japanese Oriental Library, The Tale of Chunhyang by Japan's Tokyo University, The Tale of Chunhyang by Korea's Youngnam University, and An old Tale of Chunhyang published in 1913 by Nam-sun, Choi, at Shinmungwan, a publishing company. The results are as follows: 1. The Tokyo University's version has the closest resemblance to the Oriental Library's version, and the latter has a considerably close resemblance to the Youngnam University's version. 2. The Oriental Library's version is the most erotic, and the Youngnam University's version is in the second place. On the other hand, Choi's version is the most purified one, for he published the version to enlighten the Korean people. 3. Choi's version was modeled on the Oriental Library's version.

교정용 밴드 시멘트들의 유지력 및 치면부착양상

김숙의,강병철 전남대학교 치과대학 1999 전남치대논문집 Vol.11 No.1

This study was performed to evaluate suitability as orthodontic band cement by measuring the retentive bond strengths, change of retentive bond strengths by time and failure patterns of cements after removal of bands cemented with each two brands of zinc phosphate cements and glass ionomer cements using universal testing machine. Orthodontic bands were cemented with two brands of zinc phosphate cements and two brands of glass ionomer cements to the cervical line of crown portion in specimens involving forty extracted human molar teeth embedded in resin blocks. After the specimens were then stored in artificial saliva at 37℃ during 24 hours, tensile bond strength on bands of specimens using universal testing machine was measured. The retentive bond strength of cements was defined the strength required to initially fracture the cement bond holding the orthodontic bands to the tooth and cement failure pattern was assessed with the quantity of cement remaining on enamel. Prior to recementation, both the tooth and the inside of the band were carefully cleaned. Recemented specimens were subjected to 3000 thermocycles at a temperature differential of 50℃. Two temperature baths, one at 5℃ and the other at 55℃, were used. The dwell time in each bath was 15 seconds. The specimens were then stored in artificial saliva at 37℃. Retentive bond strength was tested on band cemented after 2 weeks. Cement failure pattern was also assessed. The results were as follows: 1. No significant difference in retentive bond strength was found among all cements. 2. The effect of time on retentive strength of the zinc phosphate cements was not appeared. 3. The retentive strength of the glass ionomer cements was increased with time(p<0.01). 4. In cement failure patterns, zinc phosphate cement was below 30 percent and glass ionomer cement was about 50 percent(p<0.01). The above results suggest that retentive bond strength between zinc phosphate cements and glass ionomer cements is similar. It is suggested that in fluoride releasing glass ionomer cements, cement failure pattern reduce the possibility of enamel decalcification. Thus, this results suggest that glass ionomer cement can be regarded as more effective enamel protective orthodontic cement comparing to zinc phosphate cement.

'유적'에서 '생활문화'로 : 현대 일본사회에서 문화관광의 새로운 전개 Transformation of Cultural Tourism in Modern Japan

권숙인 서울대학교 비교문화연구소 2003 비교문화연구 Vol.9 No.1

This paper explores recent changes in cultural tourism in Japanese society. Many observers and researchers of Japan have suggested that cultural tourism is undergoing a meaningful shift which can be summarized into such related phrases and campaigns as "om Monuments to Living Cultures""om Dots to Lines"or "om Sightseeing to Experiencing"In this context, many local agencies and groups try to create various products that are allegedly geared to changing tastes and needs of tourists. A neighborhood organization in Aizu Wakamatsu City which has done various efforts to produce touristic attractions in their region is reviewed as a concrete example. As a concluding analysis, factors that bring about transformation in cultural tourism, meanings of the increased interest in 'wholistic' culture or living cultures, issues of authenticity and the so-called "del"ulture, and possibilities of cultural tourism as "ternative"orms of tourism are discussed.

完板坊刻本 春香傳의 異本 硏究 : 系統과 變貌 樣相을 中心으로

金奭培 金烏工科大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze four variant versions of Chunhyangjeon(춘향전) in the class of Wanpan-bon(완판본). The results are as follows : 1. As for the variant versions of Chunhyangjeon in the class of Wanpan-bon, the 30-page version owned by Chang-ki Han was written on the class of the 30-page version owned by Soon-ho Park, the 33-page version published in Wan-joo was written on the basis of the 30-page version of Wanpan-bon, and the 84-page version was written on the basis of the 33-page versions of Wanpan-bon. 2. The variant versions of Chunhyangjeon in the class of Wanpan-bon were generally expanded because a lot of Pansori(판소리 광대) accepted expanded versions of Pansori Chunhyang(춘향가) in the course of their competitively developing "deonum"(더늠).

철골구조물의 비탄성 거동 분석

정석창 부천대학 2004 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

강진하에서 구조물의 거동을 평가하기 위해서는 적절한 비탄성 해석이 수행되어야 한다. 특히 초고층 건물의 경우에는 이러한 해석적 검토가 반드시 수행되어야 한다. 그러나 비탄성 해석은 구조물에 소성힌지가 생성될 때 마다 구조물의 강성 매트릭스를 다시 계산해야 하기 때문에 탄성해석에 비하여 많은 시간과 노력이 필요하다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위하여 구조물에 국부좌굴이나 횡좌굴이 발생하기 않고 안정적일 경우 완전 탄소성 모델이나 이선형 이력모델이 부재의 거동을 모델링하기 위하여 사용되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 결과는 실제 비탄성 실험으로 그 타당성이 검증되어야 한다. 본 논문은 철골 모멘트 저항골조의 비탄성 거동 특성을 분석하고자 1층 2경간 철골구조물과 2층 2경간 철골 구조물에 대하여 비탄성 실험을 수행하였고 비탄성해석의 결과와 비교되었다. 검토결과 완전 탄소성 모델보다는 2% 정도의 변형도 경화 강성을 고려한 이선형 모델이 실제 구조물의 비탄성 거동을 잘 반영하였다. 또한 비탄성해석이 실험체의 극한강도와 소성힌지 이력과 거의 일치하여 실험체의 붕괴이력을 잘 나타내고 있음을 알 수 있었다. To evaluate the inelastic performance of structure under strong earthquake, nonlinear analysis should be performed. These inelastic analyses, However, requires much more times and efforts than the elastic analysis with recalculation of stiffness matrix at each hinge formation. To overcome this problem, simple elastic-perfectly-plastic or bilinear hysteresis modeling of members are used when the hysteretic behavior of members is stable without local and lateral-torsional buckling failure. Large portion of the inelastic analysis studies has been focused an these modeling studies without experimental verification. Therefore, these analytical studies should be verified by actual test. In this study, pushover test for an one-story two-bay and a two-story two-bay steel moment-resisting frame was performed. The results were compared with the one of inelastic analysis and following conclusion was acquired. Bilinear model including the strain hardening stiffness of the member about 2% of the elastic stiffness caused better agreement with the test result than elastic perfectly-plastic model excluding the strain hardening contribution. The ultimate strength and plastic hinge history of inelastic analysis accounting strain-hardening stiffness of member were almost the same when they compared with test results.