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        EFMPlus Data Recovery Circuit with a Fast Locking Scheme for 12X Speed DVD-ROM Drivers

        Jae-ChulLee,Jae-ShinLee,SukiKimy,Shin-IlLim 한국물리학회 2002 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.40 No.4

        In this paper, we propose an EFMplus (Eight to Fourteen Modulation plus code) data recovery circuit for 12X speed DVD-ROM drivers. This data recovery circuit consists of a frequency locking loop (FLL) and a phase locking loop (PLL). The frequency locking loop in the proposed data recovery circuit has the characteristic of a variable system transfer function, depending on the number of frequency errors. For large frequency errors, the FLL increases the loop gain to achieve fast locking while for small frequency errors, this FLL decreases the loop gain to reduce the settling time. Also, this FLL has a function that adaptively controls the loop bandwidth according to the input frequencies. By using this function, the FLL can always retain a constant loop gain, regardless of variations in the input frequency, and a stable phase locked loop (PLL) can be achieved over a wide input frequency range. This circuit is implemented in a 0.25 um 1-poly, 5-metal CMOS process and occupies an active area of 1.2 1.2 mm.

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        CMOS Delta-Sigma Frequency Synthesizer with a New Frequency Divider and a Simpli ed MASH Structure

        Soo-HwanKim,Min-SunKeel,Ki-WonLee,Suk-KiKim,Shin-IlLim 한국물리학회 2002 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.41 No.6

        This paper describes a CMOS implementation of a fractional-N frequency synthesizer adopting a new frequency divider and a new simplified 3-stage MASH (multistage noise shaping) delta-sigma modulator. All functional blocks, except for the low-pass filter (LPF), are integrated on a chip. A simple frequency divider architecture with a digital comparator and a `modulus mapping circuit' in a delta-sigma modulator is suggested for a lower hardware complexity and less power consumption. The proposed fractional-N frequency synthesizer shows a rapid switching time of 2.8 $\mu$s at a 60-MHz frequency step with inherent high reference frequency and a wide loop bandwidth. The tuning range of the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is 1.6$\sim$2.1 GHz in the measured results. The measured VCO phase noise is as low as $-$110.27 dBc/Hz at a 600-kHz offset and $-$122.99 dBc/Hz at a 7.5-MHz offset. The measured fractional spur level is $-$101.6 dBc. The total power consumption is 20.2 mW with a 2.5 V single power supply. The synthesizer is implemented in a 0.25-$\mu$m standard CMOS process (1-poly, 5-metal) and occupies an active area of 760$\times$1280 $\mu$m.

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