Production of Hydrogen and Carbon Nanotubes from Methane

Zein, Sharif Hussein Sharif,Mohamed, Abdul Rahman,Sai, P. Sesha Talpa,Zabidi, Noor Asmawati Mohd 한국공업화학회 2004 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.10 No.6

The decomposition of methane to produce hydrogen and carbon has been investigated experimentally using 15 ㏖% M/20 ㏖% NiO/TiO₂catalysts (where M = MnO_x, FeO, CoO, and CuO). The physical properties of these catalysts were obtained and their performances were evaluated for the conversion of methane and the CO and hydrogen yields. These catalysts were used in the experiments without any pretreatment. XRD patterns and TEM images of these catalysts show the morphological changes that are due to dopant addition. The results indicate the remarkable influence on the catalytic activity provided by doping. While different types of filamentous carbons are formed on the various Ni-containing catalysts, attractive carbon nanotubes were observed on the Mn/Ni/TiO₂-based catalyst. TEM studies on the used catalyst suggest that its stability depends on growth rate and the morphological structure of the formed carbon.

The Wormhole Routing Attack in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)

Sharif, Lukman,Ahmed, Munir Korea Information Processing Society 2010 Journal of information processing systems Vol.6 No.2

Secure routing is vital to the acceptance and use of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) for many applications. However, providing secure routing in WSNs is a challenging task due to the inherently constrained capabilities of sensor nodes. Although a wide variety of routing protocols have been proposed for WSNs, most do not take security into account as a main goal. Routing attacks can have devastating effects on WSNs and present a major challenge when designing robust security mechanisms for WSNs. In this paper, we examine some of the most common routing attacks in WSNs. In particular, we focus on the wormhole routing attack in some detail. A variety of countermeasures have been proposed in the literature for such attacks. However, most of these countermeasures suffer from flaws that essentially render them ineffective for use in large scale WSN deployments. Due to the inherent constraints found in WSNs, there is a need for lightweight and robust security mechanisms. The examination of the wormhole routing attack and some of the proposed countermeasures makes it evident that it is extremely difficult to retrofit existing protocols with defenses against routing attacks. It is suggested that one of the ways to approach this rich field of research problems in WSNs could be to carefully design new routing protocols in which attacks such as wormholes can be rendered meaningless.

The investigation of Magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow with Arrhenius energy activation

Sharif, Humaira,Khadimallah, Mohamed A.,Naeem, Muhammad Nawaz,Hussain, Muzamal,Mahmoud, S.R.,Al-Basyouni, K.S.,Tounsi, Abdelouahed Techno-Press 2021 Advances in nano research Vol.10 No.5

In this article, an analytically and numerically 3D nanoliquid flow by a porous rotatable disk is presented in the presence of gyrotactic microorganisms. The mathematical model in the form of partial differential system is transmuted into dimensionless form by utilizing the appropriate transformation. The homotopy analysis approach is applied to attain the analytic solution of the problem. The effect of promising parameters on velocity distribution, temperature profile, nanoparticles volume fraction and motile microorganism distribution field are evaluated through graphs and in tabular form. The existence of Brownian motion and thermophoresis impacts are more proficient for heat transfer enhancement. Further the unique features like heat absorption/generation and energy activation are also examined for the present flow problem. The obtained results are compared with the earliear investigation to check the accuracy of present model.

An Open Science 'State of the Art' for Hong Kong: Making Open Research Data Available to Support Hong Kong Innovation Policy

Sharif, Naubahar,Ritter, Waltraut,Davidson, Robert L,Edmunds, Scott C World Association for Triple Helix and Future Stra 2018 Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia Vol.17 No.2

Open Science is an umbrella term that involves various movements aiming to remove the barriers to sharing any kind of output, resources, methods or tools at any stage of the research process. While the study of open science is relatively advanced in Western countries, we know of no scholarship that attempts to understand open science in Hong Kong. This paper provides a broad-based background on the major research data management organisations, policies and institutions with the intention of laying a foundation for more rigorous future research that quantifies the benefits of open access and open data policies. We explore the status and prospects for open science (open access and open data) in the context of Hong Kong and how open science can contribute to innovation in Hong Kong. Surveying Hong Kong's policies and players, we identify both lost research potential and provide positive examples of Hong Kong's contribution to scientific research. Finally, we offer suggestions regarding what changes can be made to address the gaps we identify.

Flow of MHD Powell-Eyring nanofluid: Heat absorption and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model

Sharif, Humaira,Khadimallah, Mohamed A.,Naeem, Muhammad Nawaz,Hussain, Muzamal,Hussain, Sajjad,Tounsi, Abdelouahed Techno-Press 2021 Advances in nano research Vol.10 No.3

During the previous few years, phenomenon of bioconvection along with the use of nanoparticles showed large number of applications in technological and industrial field. This paper analyzed the bioconvection phenomenon in magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow of a Powell-Eyring nanoliquid past a stretchable cylinder with Cattaneo-Christov heat flux. In addition, the impacts of chemical reaction and heat generation/absorption parameter are considered. By the use of appropriate transformation, the governing PDEs (nonlinear) have been transformed and formulated into nonlinear ODEs. The resulting nonlinear ODEs subjected to relevant boundary conditions are solved analytically through homotopy analysis method which is programmed in Mathematica software. Graphical and numerical results versus physical quantities like velocity, temperature, concentration and motile microorganism are investigated under the impact of physical parameters. It is noted that velocity profile enhances as the curvature parameter A and Eyring-Powell fluid parameter M increases but a decline manner for large values of buoyancy ratio parameter Nr and bio-convection Rayleigh number Rb. In the presence of Prandtl number Pr, Eyring-Powell fluid parameter M and heat absorption parameter ��, temperature profile decreases. Nano particle concentration profile increases for increasing values of magnetic parameter Ha and thermophoresis parameter Nt. The motile density profile has revealed a decrement pattern for higher values of bio-convection Lewis number Lb and bio-convection peclet number Pe. This study may find uses in bio-nano coolant systems, advance nanomechanical bio-convection energy conversion equipment's, etc.

Energy effects on MHD flow of Eyring's nanofluid containing motile microorganism

Sharif, Humaira,Naeem, Muhammad N.,Khadimallah, Mohamed A.,Ayed, Hamdi,Bouzgarrou, Souhail Mohamed,Al Naim, Abdullah F.,Hussain, Sajjad,Hussain, Muzamal,Iqbal, Zafar,Tounsi, Abdelouahed Techno-Press 2020 Advances in concrete construction Vol.10 No.4

The impulse of this paper is to examine the influence of unsteady flow comprising of Eyring-Powell nanofluid over a stretched surface. This work aims to explore efficient transfer of heat in Eyring-Powell nanofluid with bio-convection. Nanofluids possess significant features that have aroused various investigators because of their utilization in industrial and nanotechnology. The influence of including motile microorganism is to stabilize the nanoparticle suspensions develop by the mixed influence of magnetic field and buoyancy force. This research paper reveals the detailed information about the linearly compressed Magnetohydrodynamics boundary layer flux of two dimensional Eyring-Powell nanofluid through disposed surface area due to the existence of microorganism with inclusion the influence of non- linear thermal radiation, energy activation and bio-convection. The liquid is likely to allow conduction and thickness of the liquid is supposed to show variation exponentially. By using appropriate similarity type transforms, the nonlinear PDE's are converted into dimensionless ODE's. The results of ODE's are finally concluded by employing (HAM) Homotopy Analysis approach. The influence of relevant parameters on concentration, temperature, velocity and motile microorganism density are studied by the use of graphs and tables. We acquire skin friction, local Nusselt and motil microorganism number for various parameters.

Rician noise reduction by combining mathematical morphological operators through genetic programming

Sharif, Muhammad,Jaffar, Muhammad Arfan,Mahmood, Muhammad Tariq Springer-Verlag 2013 Optical review Vol.20 No.4

Ubiquitous sensor network simulation and emulation environments: A survey

Sharif, Mohammad,Sadeghi-Niaraki, Abolghasem Academic Press 2017 Journal of network and computer applications Vol.93 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Recent human effort has been directed at expanding pervasive smart environments. For this, ubiquitous computing technology is introduced to provide all users with any service, anytime, anywhere, with any device, and under any network. However, high cost, long time consumption, extensive effort, and in some cases irrevocability are the main challenges and difficulties for developing ubiquitous systems. Therefore, one solution is to initially simulate, analyze, and validate practices prior to deploying sensing and computational devices in the real world. Simulation, as a performance evaluation technique, has attracted attentions due to its speed, cost-effectiveness, repeatability, scalability, flexibility, and ease of implementation. Moreover, emulation, as a hybrid method, not only offers most simulation advantages but also benefits from tight control of implementation, as well as a certain degree of realistic results. Both simulators and emulators are significant tools for enhancing the understanding of ubiquitous sensor networks (USNs) through testing and analyzing several scenarios prior to actual sensor placements. In this regard, this paper surveys 130 simulation and emulation environments and frameworks, which were originally designed and adapted for USN. Of these 130, the 22 that have been widely used, regularly updated, and well supported by their developers are compared based on multifarious criteria. Finally, several studies that had favorably compared the performance of simulators and/or emulators are examined. We believe the present research findings will be helpful for students and researchers to pick an appropriate simulator/emulator, and for software developers and those who are keen on producing their own environment.</P>

Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Constituents from Indigofera oblongifolia

Sharif, Ahsan,Ahmed, Ejaz,Malik, Abdul,Riaz, Naheed,Afza, Nighat,Nawaz, Sarfraz Ahmad,Arshad, Muhammad,Shah, Muhammad Raza,Chaudhary, Muhammad Iqbal The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.7

Indigin, alkylated xanthene (1) and indigoferic acid (2) have been isolated from the chloroform soluble fraction of Indigofera oblongifolia, along with $\beta$-sitosterol (3) and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (4), which are reported for the first time from this species. Their structures were determined through spectroscopic techniques. Both the new compounds 1 and 2 showed significant activity against enzyme lipoxygenase, while 2 further showed moderate inhibition against BChE.

Efficacy of Chemical Preservatives to Control Perilla Rust

( Sharif M. Al-Reza ),( Cher Won Hwang ),( Sun Chul Kang ) 한국환경농학회 2010 한국환경농학회지 Vol.29 No.4

The rust fungi are biotrophic fungal pathogens that cause serious disease on Perilla leaves in Korea. The effect of some commonly used chemical preservatives (sorbic acid, D-sorbitol, propionic acid and benzoic acid) against Perilla rust was investigated in this study. Results of this investigation showed that all the preservatives were effective against Perilla rust except benzoic acid. There was no growth of rust spores on the Perilla leaves treated with 0.1% of preservative even after 21 days of preservation. However, 0.01% of preservative also showed remarkable reduction of rust spores on the Perilla leaves as compared to the control groups. Thus, the results of this study indicated that the chemical preservatives used might be useful to control the growth of rust fungi on Perilla leaves.