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Assessments in biocides with omics approaches to ecosystem
Seohee Ma,Dahye Yoon,Hyunsu Kim,Hyangjin Lee,Seonghye Kim,Huichan Lee,Jieun Kim,Soojin Lee,Yunsuk Lee,Yujin Lee,김석만 한국자기공명학회 2018 Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Vol.22 No.4
Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) is the preservative that is widely used in industrial and household products. In this study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) was exposed to BIT at different concentrations (control, 0.5 g/L, 1.0 g/L and 2.0 g/L) for 72 hours. The techniques of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were applied to analyze the effects of BIT on zebrafish. The advantages of NMR are the minimal sample preparation and high reproducibility of experimental results. With the multivariate statistical analysis, dimethylamine, N-acetylaspartate, glycine and histidine were identified as an important metabolite in differentiating between the control and BIT-exposed group. This study will improve the understanding the metabolite changes in the zebrafish in response to BIT exposure.
Integrating Animal Protection Content in Primary English Writing Lessons
Seohee Kim,Hyunhee Cho 한국초등영어교육학회 2019 초등영어교육 Vol.25 No.3
The present study investigated the effect of English lessons that integrate animal protection content. The research addressed the following questions: (a) What are the results of English-animal protection integrated lessons on students’ writing ability?, (b) What are the results of English-animal protection integrated lessons on students’ awareness and attitude toward animal protection? For this study, the features of CLIL approach were employed. In a CLIL classroom, students can promote their synthetic as well as creative thinking ability while they build their communicative competence through the contents stimulating their thinking skills. Based on the CLIL approach, this study reconstituted the English curriculum to include animal protection content in order to guide students to grow into mature global citizens. The integrated curriculum was applied to a class of twenty-three 6th grade students over 7 weeks. Student questionnaires were analyzed quantitatively, and their writing products and journal entries were analyzed using a qualitative method. The study revealed that English-animal protection integrated lessons engaged students in the process of learning, which led to their development in English writing. It was also found that students’ attitude toward animals showed positive changes. This study suggests that English lessons can serve to develop students’ personality and global citizenship by employing CLIL, which directs for a new paradigm of primary English education.
Trends in National Pharmaceutical Expenditure in Korea during 2011 - 2020
Kim Yujeong,Chae Jungmi,Shin Seohee,Jo Gayoung,Shin Jihye,Kim Byungsoo,Kim Dong-Sook,Lee Jin Yong 대한감염학회 2023 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.55 No.2
Background: This study aimed to identify the trends in pharmaceutical expenditure (PE), share of PE in health expenditure (HE), and trends in expenditure by pharmacological groups (ATC level 1 classification) in Korea for a 10-year period (2011 - 2020) and compare the data with those of other Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Using the findings, we determined the current status of pharmaceutical expenditure (PE) management in Korea and derived the implications for establishing future macroscopic policies on PE. Materials and Methods: We analyzed the OECD Health Statistics and the Korean national health insurance claims database from January 2011 through December 2020. The outcome measures were HE, PE, and pharmaceutical sales data for ATC level 1 medicines from OECD Health Statistics data during 2011 - 2020. As OECD collects limited ATC level 1 data, we used the HIRA health insurance claims data for PEs of ATC level-1 classification, including D, L, P, and S. Results: PE in Korea increased by 38.5% from 19.9 billion USD in 2011 to 27.6 billion USD in 2020, whereas the share of PE in HE decreased by 6.3%p from 26.4% in 2011 to 20.1% in 2020. In 2020, Korea ranked third in PE per capita (760.9 USD PPP) and had the highest share of PE (20.1%) among the 19 OECD countries studied. By ATC level 1 class, the highest PE was A (alimentary tract and metabolism) at 4.3 billion USD, and L (antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents) had the highest increase at 13.4%; in contrast, J (anti-infectives for systemic use) had the lowest increase in annual average PE at −0.2% in 2020 relative to 2011. Among the 17 OECD countries, Korea had the highest and the third-highest expenditures for ATC codes A and J, respectively. Conclusion: PE in Korea has continued to increase between 2011 and 2020, indicating the need for macroscopic management of PE. Our results on PE by ATC code may help health authorities in establishing future policies on PE.
Directed Evolution of AAV Vectors for Efficient Gene Delivery to Primary Retinal Cells
Seohee KIM,Yoojin KIM,Jae-Hyung JANG 한국생물공학회 2021 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is non-pathogenic parvovirus which has been used in several clinical trials because of safety and long-term gene expression. Therefore, AAVs are showing great potential as gene therapy vectors for a wide range of retinal diseases. Retinal disease can be the cause of blindness, and retinal pigment epithelial cells are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of such diseases. However, a main challenge to gene therapy is that functional genes may not be able to transduce large enough target tissues to provide therapeutic effect. To overcome this limitation, improving tropism is important and in vitro selection can be an alternative.
Kim, Yeong-Eun,Oh, Seohee,Kim, Seji,Kim, Onnuri,Kim, Jin,Han, Sang Woo,Lee, Yunho American Chemical Society 2015 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.137 No.13
<P>Reversible transformations are observed between a phosphide-nickel(II) alkoxide and a phosphinite-nickel(0) species via a P–O bond formation coupled with a 2-e<SUP>–</SUP> redox change at the nickel center. In the forward reaction, the nickel(0) dinitrogen species (PP<SUP>OMe</SUP>P)Ni(N<SUB>2</SUB>) (<B>2</B>) and {(PP<SUP>OMe</SUP>P)Ni}<SUB>2</SUB>(μ-N<SUB>2</SUB>) (<B>3</B>) were formed from the reaction of (PPP)NiCl (<B>1</B>) with a methoxy anion. In the backward reaction, a (PPP)Ni(II) moiety was regenerated from the CO<SUB>2</SUB> reaction of <B>3</B> with the concomitant formation of a methyl carbonate ligand in (PPP)Ni(OCOOMe) (<B>7</B>). Thus, unanticipated metal–ligand cooperation involving a phosphide based ligand is reported.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2015/jacsat.2015.137.issue-13/ja513112r/production/images/medium/ja-2014-13112r_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja513112r'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
The location of locoregional recurrence in pathologic T3N0, non-irradiated lower rectal cancer
Kim, Mi Sun,Keum, Ki Chang,Rhee, Woo Joong,Kim, Hyunju,Kim, Minji,Choi, Seohee,Nam, Ki Chang,Koom, Woong Sub The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2013 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.31 No.2
Purpose: To investigate the patterns of locoregional recurrence of pathologic T3N0 (pT3N0) lower rectal cancer omitting postoperative radiotherapy (RT) and explore the potential of modification of a RT field. Materials and Methods: From Jan 2003 to Nov 2011, 35 patients omitting preoperative or postoperative RT for pT3N0 lower rectal cancer were included. We defined the lower rectal cancer as the tumor with the inferior margin located below the virtual line-a convergent level between rectal wall and levator ani muscle. All patients had radiologic examinations for recurrence evaluation during the follow-up duration. Results: The median follow-up duration was 66.4 months (range, 1.4 to 126.1 months). Eight (22.9%) of the 35 patients had recurrence. Three (8.6%) was local recurrence (LR) only, 3 (8.6%) was distant metastasis (DM) only, and 2 (5.7%) was LR with DM. All LR were located at primary tumor sites. The overall survival rate, LR-free survival rate, and DM-free survival rate at 5 years was 79.8%, 83%, and 87%, respectively. All LR developed from tumors over 5 cm. However, there was no statistical significance (p = 0.065). There was no other risk factor for LR. Conclusion: Even though the patients included in this study had pathologically favorable pT3N0 rectal cancer, LR developed in 14.3% of patients. Most of the LR was located at primary tumor sites prior to surgery. Based on these findings, it might seem reasonable to consider postoperative RT with a smaller radiation field to the primary tumor site rather than the conventional whole pelvic irradiation.