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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : Samuel Clark (검색결과 5 건)
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Samuel J. van Bohemen,Jeffrey M. Rogers,Philip C. Boughton,Jillian L. Clarke,Joaquin T. Valderrama,Andre Z. Kyme 대한의용생체공학회 2023 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.13 No.2
This paper describes a potential method to detect changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) using electrocardiography (ECG)signals, measured across scalp electrodes with reference to the same signal across the chest—a metric we term the ElectrocardiographyBrain Perfusion index (EBPi). We investigated the feasibility of EBPi to monitor CBF changes in response tospecific tasks. Twenty healthy volunteers wore a head-mounted device to monitor EBPi and electroencephalography (EEG)during tasks known to alter CBF. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound measurements provided ground-truth estimatesof CBF. Statistical analyses were applied to EBPi, TCD right middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (rMCAv) and EEGrelative Alpha (rAlpha) data to detect significant task-induced changes and correlations. Breath-holding and aerobic exerciseinduced highly significant increases in EBPi and TCD rMCAv (p < 0.01). Verbal fluency also increased both measures,however the increase was only significant for EBPi (p < 0.05). Hyperventilation induced a highly significant decrease in TCDrMCAv (p < 0.01) but EBPi was unchanged. Combining all tasks, EBPi exhibited a highly significant, weak positive correlationwith TCD rMCAv (r = 0.27, p < 0.01) and the Pearson coefficient between EBPi and rAlpha was r = − 0.09 (p = 0.05). EBPi appears to be responsive to dynamic changes in CBF and, can enable practical, continuous monitoring. CBF is a keyparameter of brain health and function but is not easily measured in a practical, continuous, non-invasive fashion. EBPi mayhave important clinical implications in this context for stroke monitoring and management. Additional studies are requiredto support this claim.
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Al-Mamun, Hawlader A.,Kwan, Paul,Clark, Samuel A.,Ferdosi, Mohammad H.,Tellam, Ross,Gondro, Cedric BioMed Central 2015 Genetics, selection, evolution Vol.47 No.1
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Body weight (BW) is an important trait for meat production in sheep. Although over the past few years, numerous quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been detected for production traits in cattle, few QTL studies have been reported for sheep, with even fewer on meat production traits. Our objective was to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) with the medium-density Illumina Ovine SNP50 BeadChip to identify genomic regions and corresponding haplotypes associated with BW in Australian Merino sheep.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>A total of 1781 Australian Merino sheep were genotyped using the medium-density Illumina Ovine SNP50 BeadChip. Among the 53 862 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on this array, 48 640 were used to perform a GWAS using a linear mixed model approach. Genotypes were phased with <I>hsphase</I>; to estimate SNP haplotype effects, linkage disequilibrium blocks were identified in the detected QTL region.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Thirty-nine SNPs were associated with BW at a Bonferroni-corrected genome-wide significance threshold of 1 %. One region on sheep (<I>Ovis aries</I>) chromosome 6 (OAR6) between 36.15 and 38.56 Mb, included 13 significant SNPs that were associated with BW; the most significant SNP was OAR6_41936490.1 (<I>P</I> = 2.37 × 10<SUP>−16</SUP>) at 37.69 Mb with an allele substitution effect of 2.12 kg, which corresponds to 0.248 phenotypic standard deviations for BW. The region that surrounds this association signal on OAR6 contains three genes: <I>leucine aminopeptidase 3</I> (<I>LAP3</I>), which is involved in the processing of the oxytocin precursor; <I>NCAPG non-SMC condensin I complex, subunit G</I> (<I>NCAPG)</I>, which is associated with foetal growth and carcass size in cattle; and <I>ligand dependent nuclear receptor corepressor-like</I> (<I>LCORL</I>), which is associated with height in humans and cattle.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>The GWAS analysis detected 39 SNPs associated with BW in sheep and a major QTL region was identified on OAR6. In several other mammalian species, regions that are syntenic with this region have been found to be associated with body size traits, which may reflect that the underlying biological mechanisms share a common ancestry. These findings should facilitate the discovery of causative variants for BW and contribute to marker-assisted selection.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12711-015-0142-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>
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Mohammed Bedhane,Julius van der Werf,Sara de las Heras-Saldana,Leland Ackerson IV,Dajeong Lim,박병호,박미나,Seung-Hee Roh,Samuel Clark 한국축산학회 2023 한국축산학회지 Vol.65 No.6
Most carcass and meat quality traits are moderate to highly heritable, indicating that they can be improved through selection. Genetic evaluation for these types of traits is performed using performance data obtained from commercial and progeny testing evaluation. The performance data from commercial farms are available in large volume, however, some drawbacks have been observed. The drawback of the commercial data is mainly due to sorting of animals based on live weight prior to slaughter, and this could lead to bias in the genetic evaluation of later measured traits such as carcass traits. The current study has two components to address the drawback of the commercial data. The first component of the study aimed to estimate genetic parameters for carcass and meat quality traits in Korean Hanwoo cattle using a large sample size of industry-based carcass performance records (n = 469,002). The second component of the study aimed to describe the impact of sorting animals into different contemporary groups based on an early measured trait and then examine the effect on the genetic evaluation of subsequently measured traits. To demonstrate our objectives, we used real performance data to estimate genetic parameters and simulated data was used to assess the bias in genetic evaluation. The results of our first study showed that commercial data obtained from slaughterhouses is a potential source of carcass performance data and useful for genetic evaluation of carcass traits to improve beef cattle performance. However, we observed some harvesting effect which leads to bias in genetic evaluation of carcass traits. This is mainly due to the selection of animal based on their body weight before arrival to slaughterhouse. Overall, the non-random allocation of animals into a contemporary group leads to a biased estimated breeding value in genetic evaluation, the severity of which increases when the evaluation traits are highly correlated.
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