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Salman Ali Khan,Tauseef Ahmed,Fazli Akram,Jihee Bae,Soo Yong Choi,Tran Thi Thanh,Mingyu Kim,송태권,성연수,Myong‑Ho Kim,Soonil Lee 한국세라믹학회 2020 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.57 No.3
In this study, 0.65Bi1.05FeO3–0.35BaTiO3 (BF-35BT) lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were prepared using a conventional solid-state method to determine the effects of sintering temperature on their microstructures and electrical properties. The average grain size increased with sintering temperature, but not significantly, and the relative density of the ceramics increased and then decreased at high sintering temperatures due to the volatilization of Bi2O3. At the optimal sintering temperature (1030 °C), BF-35BT ceramics showed minimum coercive field (Ec) with enhanced remanent polarization (Pr) and consequently resulted in a high converse piezoelectric coefficient (d* 33) value of 305 pm/V. The results indicate that the optimum sintering temperature, maximum relative density, and appropriate grain size, which are significantly related to the domain size and configuration, as well as the minimum concentration of associated charged defects, are critical factors that influence the piezoelectric performance of BF-35BT ceramics.
Salman Khan,최란주,이동웅,김영식 한국생약학회 2011 Natural Product Sciences Vol.17 No.3
The immune system is finely balanced by the activities of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators or cytokines. Unregulated activities of these mediators can lead to the development of various inflammatory diseases. A variety of safe and effective anti-inflammatory agents are available with many more drugs under development. Of the natural compounds, the sesquiterpenes (nootkatone, a-cyperone, valencene and b-selinene) isolated from C. rotundus L. have received much attention because of their potential anti-inflammatory effects. However, limited studies have been reported regarding the influence of sesquiterpene structure on anti-inflammatory activity. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory potential of four structurally divergent sesquiterpenes was evaluated in lipopolysaccaride (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, murine macrophages. Among the four sesquiterpenes, a-cyperone and nootkatone, showed stronger anti-inflammatory and a potent NF-kB inhibitory effect on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Molecular analysis revealed that various inflammatory enzymes (iNOS and COX-2) were reduced significantly and this correlated with down-regulation of the NF-kB signaling pathway. Additionally, electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) elucidated that nootkatone and a-cyperone dramatically suppressed LPS-induced NF-kB-DNA binding activity using 32P-labeled NF-kB probe. Hence, our data suggest that a-cyperone and nootkatone are potential therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases.
Khan, Salman,Shehzad, Omer,Lee, Kyoung Jin,Tosun, Alev,Kim, Yeong Shik Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.11
<P>Seseli is a herb widely used for its anti-inflammation, anti-flatulence and various other healing properties. In the present study, we investigated the effects of samidin on the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The results demonstrated that samidin significantly inhibited the production of nitric oxide, as well as the gene expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. The results from an electrophoretic mobility shift assay illustrated that samidin significantly suppressed NF-κB and AP-1 DNA-binding affinity. In addition, both the NF-κB subunit p65 and the AP-1-related c-jun were markedly inhibited by samidin. The time course experiment demonstrated that samidin showed significant inhibitory effect on p38 and JNK activation. Furthermore, tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA level were remarkably down-regulated by samidin in LPS-stimulated macrophages based on quantitative-real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our results suggested that samidin has a potential to be developed as a therapeutic agent for various inflammatory diseases.</P>
Salman Muhmmad,Bashar Noor Ul,Kiran Uzma,Shafiq Zuhra,Khan Fareesa,Khan Raees,Hussain Farrukh,Bangash Sudhair Abbas,Yasin Ahmad,Ahmad Shabir 한국미생물·생명공학회 2022 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.50 No.1
Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial agent used in various human personal care products against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of TCSresistant bacteria in sewage water in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan, for the first time. TCS-supplemented Luria Bertani (LB) agar was used to isolate TCS-tolerant bacteria. A total of 17 TCSresistant isolates were randomly selected from a large pool of bacteria that showed growth on TCS-supplemented LB agar. Based on gram staining and physiochemical characteristics, the isolated strains were identified as Salmonella typhi (n = 6), Escherichia coli (n = 4), Citrobacter freundii (n = 4), Proteus mirabilis (n = 1), Enterobacter cloacae (n = 1), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 1). The Triclosan mean minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for the isolates of Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter cloacae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 23.66 μg ml-1, 18.75 μg ml-1, 42 μg ml-1, 32 μg ml-1, 64 μg ml-1, and 128 μg ml-1, respectively. The antibiogram revealed that all isolates were resistant to penicillin G (100%) and linezolid (100%), followed by ampicillin (94%), tetracycline (76%), tazobactam (76%), sulbactam/cefoperazone (64%), polymyxin PB (58%), amikacin (29.41%), aztreonam (29.41%), imipenem (5%), and gentamicin (5%). This is the first known study regarding the isolation of TCStolerant bacteria from sewage water in Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan. It was concluded that all the TCS-resistant isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR) gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria, mostly belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family.
Khan Salman,Han Chun,Iqbal Awais,Guan Chao,Zhao Changming 한국미생물학회 2023 The journal of microbiology Vol.61 No.10
Elevation gradients, often regarded as “natural experiments or laboratories”, can be used to study changes in the distribution of microbial diversity related to changes in environmental conditions that typically occur over small geographical scales. We obtained bacterial sequences using MiSeq sequencing and clustered them into operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The total number of reads obtained by the bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing analysis was 1,090,555, with an average of approximately 45,439 reads per sample collected from various elevations. The current study observed inconsistent bacterial diversity patterns in samples from the lowest to highest elevations. 983 OTUs were found common among all the elevations. The most unique OTUs were found in the soil sample from elevation_2, followed by elevation_1. Soil sample collected at elevation_6 had the least unique OTUs. Actinobacteria, Protobacteria, Chloroflexi were found most abundant bacterial phyla in current study. Ammonium nitrogen ( NH4 +-N), and total phosphate (TP) are the main factors influencing bacterial diversity at elevations_ 1. pH was the main factor influencing the bacterial diversity at elevations_2, elevation_3 and elevation_4. Our results provide new visions on forming and maintaining soil microbial diversity along an elevational gradient and have implications for microbial responses to environmental change in semiarid mountain ecosystems.