Examining the factors influencing leaf disease intensity of Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb. ex Murray) Koidzumi (Araliaceae) over multiple spatial scales: from the individual, forest stand, to the regions in the Japanese Archipelago

Sakaguchi, Shota,Yamasaki, Michimasa,Tanaka, Chihiro,Isagi, Yuji The Ecological Society of Korea 2012 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.35 No.4

We investigated leaf disease intensity of Kalopanax septemlobus (prickly castor oil tree) caused by the parasitic fungus Mycosphaerella acanthopanacis, in thirty natural host populations in the Japanese Archipelago. The disease intensity observed for individual trees were analyzed using a generalized additive model as a function of tree size, tree density, climatic terms and spatial trend surface. Individual tree size and conspecific tree density were shown to have significant negative and positive effects on disease intensity, respectively. The findings suggest that the probability of disease infection is partly determined by dispersal of infection agents (ascospores) from the fallen leaves on the ground, which can be enhanced by aggregation of host trees in a forest stand. Regional-scale spatial bias was also present in disease intensity; the populations in northern Japan and southern Kyushu were more severely infected by the fungus than those in southwestern Honshu and Shikoku. Regional variation of disease intensity was explained by both climatic factors and a trend surface term, with a latitudinal cline detected, which increases towards the north. Further research should be conducted in order to understand all of the factors generating the latitudinal cline detected in this study.

No pair production of open strings in a plane-wave background

Sakaguchi, Makoto,Shin, Hyeonjoon,Yoshida, Kentaroh American Physical Society 2014 PHYSICAL REVIEW D - Vol.90 No.6

Where, When, and How mmWave is Used in 5G and Beyond

SAKAGUCHI, Kei,HAUSTEIN, Thomas,BARBAROSSA, Sergio,STRINATI, Emilio Calvanese,CLEMENTE, Antonio,DESTINO, Giuseppe,PÄ,RSSINEN, Aarno,KIM, Ilgyu,CHUNG, Heesang,KIM, Junhyeong,KEUSGEN, Wilhelm,WEILER 'Institute of Electronics, Information and Communi 2017 IEICE transactions on electronics Vol.100 No.10

コンナ類とコノヨウナ類の指示用法の違いについて -文脈指示の属性用法と内容用法を中心に-

Sakaguchi Sayaka 한국일어일문학회 2015 日語日文學硏究 Vol.95 No.1

There is a wealth of previous studies on adnominal demonstrative expressions in Japanese, where the differences between the konna-group and the konoyouna-group have been largely regarded as stylistic variants. The present study, however, reveals their non-stylistic differences in terms of the referential use. Our claims are based on (i) a quantitative analysis of the Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written Japanese (National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics) and (ii) a qualitative analysis employing text-frames. Our central finding is that the konna-group exhibits both the attributive and the content use whereas the konoyouna-group principally exhibits the content use alone. That is, while it is possible that the konoyouna-group could display the attributive use, a sharp contrast is observed in this regard between the two groups, as confirmed by both the quantitative and qualitative analyses. This finding leads to our conclusion that, contrary to the opposing view in the previous literature, the differences between the konna-group and the konoyouna-group cannot be solely ascribed to stylistic differences. It is also suggested that, due to this discrepancy concerning the usages of demonstratives, sonna is most likely to be employed in the konna-group (i.e., konna, sonna, anna) regardless of the media/genre of texts, whereas there is a tendency that konoyouna is used in certain types of text such as analytical texts in the case of the konoyouna-group (i.e., konoyouna, sonoyouna, anoyouna). 본고는 현대일본어의 연체수식형 지시표현에서, 주로 문체 차이로밖에 다루어져 오지 않은 コンナ류와 コノヨウナ류의 지시용법의 차이를 밝힌 것이다. 국립 국어 연구소의 코퍼스(BCCWJ)을 사용한 계량적 조사 및 텍스트 프레임을 사용하여 용례를 분석해 봤다. 그 결과, コンナ류는 속성용법과 내용용법으로 2가지 용법을 가지는 한편, コノヨウナ류는 기본적으로 내용용법만을 가진다고 말할 수 있다. 또 コンナ류와 コノヨウナ류의 용법 차이에 의하여 コンナ류에서는 문장 매체나 장르에 관계없이 항상 ソ계 편중을 보이는 것에 대해 コノヨウナ류에서는논설 문장 등 문장 장르에 좌우되는 コ계 편중이 있다는 차이도 확인할 수 있다.

Non-doped and unsorted single-walled carbon nanotubes as carrier-selective, transparent, and conductive electrode for perovskite solar cells

Sakaguchi, Takahiro,Jeon, Il,Chiba, Takaaki,Shawky, Ahmed,Xiang, Rong,Chiashi, Shohei,Kauppinen, Esko I.,Park, Nam-Gyu,Matsuo, Yutaka,Maruyama, Shigeo Cambridge University Press (Materials Research Soc 2018 MRS Communications Vol.8 No.3

<▼1><B>Abstract</B><P/></▼1><▼2><P>Lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a structure of glass/FTO/TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3 with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) as the transparent top electrodes, followed by polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) over-coating were fabricated. The SWNT-based PSCs do not require expensive metal electrodes and hole-transporting materials yet produce a decent power conversion efficiency of 11.8%, owing to the densifying effect of SWNTs by PMMA. The resulting devices demonstrate reduced hysteresis, improved stability, and increased power conversion efficiency.</P></▼2>

「実用日本語会話」授業実践 -ディベートと十字モデルの活用-

Sakaguchi Sayaka 한국일본어학회 2014 日本語學硏究 Vol.0 No.39

本稿は2013年1学期に実施した「実用日本語会話」という授業の実践を通して、授業でのディベートの導入について検討したものである。先行研究で強調されているディベートの教育的効果だけでなく、その課題も明らかにしたうえで授業での位置づけを再考した。またディベートの要素が組み込まれている十字モデルの導入に関しても検討した。ディスカッションとディベートの違いを学習者がどう捉えたかを分析したところ、ディベートは一つの立場を貫いて反対側の意見と戦うものだと捉えており、反論が頻繁に行われるため主張の論理性が高まる、活気があって楽しいが感情的になりやすい、発言の機会が減るが会話の充実度は高いことなどが明らかとなった。ディベートの効果については、意見を即時的にまとめて話せるようになるなどの効果があると感じていた。課題を考慮すると、ディベートは毎週のように頻繁にではなく、学期中に数回程度行うことでその効果をうまく活用できると考えられた。また授業での十字モデルの活用は、学習者がディベートの要素に慣れ親しむことができるだけでなく、このモデルによっても論理的に考えて話す能力を向上できることが示唆された。

「この類」と「このような類」を中心とした 文脈指示についての研究 -中上級日本語学習者を対象に-

Sakaguchi Sayaka 한국일어교육학회 2012 일본어교육연구 Vol.0 No.24

指示詞研究は多岐にわたるが、研究の対象を初めから指示詞に限ったものが多いこと、類の違いに言及した研究が少ないことなどが課題といえる。本研究では意見文テキストを使用し、文法判定タスクおよび自由記述の穴埋めタスクを、中国語を母語とする日本語学習者(以下NNS)を対象に実施した。なお、先行研究が非常に少ない「ものの属性を表す指示表現」のなかでは特に「このような類」に着目し、文法判定タスクで「この類」のほか「このような類」と「φ」を含めた5肢選択を試みることで、コ系とソ系の違いだけでなく類の違いも考察した。中級NNSと上級NNSを比較した結果、穴埋めタスクではトピックが繰り返される箇所や代行指示「その」が使用される箇所で中級NNSにのみ使用回避が見られるなどの違いが見られたが、文法判定タスクを10点満点で採点したところ5%水準で両者に差は見られなかった。また上級NNSと母語話者を比較した結果、上級NNSによる指示表現の過剰使用の可能性が示唆された。以上より、産出面で使用回避の傾向が見られた中級NNSに対しては、コ系とソ系だけでなく類の違いにも言及するなど、指示表現が適切に使用できるよう指導する必要があるといえる。また上級NNSに対しては、過剰使用を防ぐためにも指示表現が照応表現の中の1つであることを明示し、多様な表現の使い分けを目指した指導が望ましいと考えられる。

連体修飾形指示表現にみられる例示指示と唯一指示

Sakaguchi Sayaka 한국일본언어문화학회 2016 일본언어문화 Vol.36 No.-

. A comprehensive account of the adnominal demonstrative expressions of contemporary Japanese has not been developed in the literature. In this article, we will address the six groups of adnominal demonstrative expressions, and reveal their functional differences through quantitative and qualitative analyses. The expressions of the kono-group refer to an entity or a single category (“unique reference”) and do not have the illustrative function of implicitly referring to other entities as an example of referents. Our analyses indicate that the expressions in the non-kono-groups are commonly characterized in that they exhibit illustrative reference but that they differ in terms of the manner of illustrative reference, the strength of illustrative reference, etc. The function of illustrative reference is especially tied to the konoyouna-group, the koushita-group, and the kouitta-group. The expressions in these groups do not have the function of unique reference. The expressions in the konoyouna-group illustratively refer to approximate referents. On the other, the expressions in the kouitta-group are associated with representative illustrations. The konna-group and the kouiu-group display both the function of illustrative reference and that of unique reference. The expressions in the konna-group tend to refer to unique entities when inherent and specific objects are referred to. Further, in the case of the cataphoric use, they may refer to unique entities when the content of referents (linguistic information) is presented sufficiently and non-excessively. Unique reference in the case of the cataphoric use is also observed in the expressions in the kouiu-group.

Semiclassical analysis of M2-brane in AdS4×S7/Z k

Sakaguchi, Makoto,Shin, Hyeonjoon,Yoshida, Kentaroh Springer-Verlag 2010 Journal of high energy physics Vol.2010 No.12

「この類」와「このような類」를 중심으로 한 문맥지시에 관한 연구

( Sakaguchi Sayaka ) 한국일어교육학회 2012 일본어교육연구 Vol.0 No.24

지시사에 관한 연구는 매우 다양하나 연구의 대상을 처음부터 지시사에 한정한 것이 많은 것과 류의 차이를 언급한 연구가 적은 것 등이 과제라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 의견문 텍스트를 사용하고, 문법판정 태스크 및 자유기술 구멍 메움태스크를, 중국어모어의 일본어 학습자(이하, NNS)를 대상으로 실시했다. 선행연구가 대단히 적은「물건의 속성을 나타내는 지시표현」의 안에서는 특히「このような類」에 착안하고, 문법판정 태스크로「この·その」이외에「このような·そのような」라고「φ」을 포함시킨 5지선택을 시도하는 것으로,「こ계」와「そ계」의 차이뿐만 아니라 지시사의 류의차이도 고찰했다. 중급 NNS 와 상급 NNS를 비교한 결과, 구멍 메움 태스크에서는 토픽의 되풀이 부분이나 대행 지시「その」가 사용되는 부분으로, 중급 NNS에만 사용회피가 보이는 등의 차이가 보였지만, 문법판정 태스크를 10점 만점으로 채점하면 5% 수준으로 양자간의 차이는 보이지 않았다. 또 상급 NNS와 모어 말하는 사람을 비교한 결과, 상급 NNS에 의한 지시표현의 과잉사용의 가능성이 시사되었다. 이상으로부터 산출면에서 사용 회피의 경향이 보여진 중급 NNS에 대하여는,「こ계」와「そ계」뿐만 아니라 류의차이에 관하여도 언급하는 등, 지시표현이 적절하게 사용 될 수 있도록 지도할 필요가 있을 것이다. 또 상급 NNS에 대하여는 과잉사용을 막기 위해서도 지시표현이 조응 표현 중 1개의 표현인 것을 명시하고, 다양한 표현을 구분하여 사용하는 것을 목표로 한 지도가 바람직하다고 생각된다. 指示詞硏究は多岐にわたるが、硏究の對象を初めから指示詞に限ったものが多いこと、類の違いに言及した硏究が少ないことなどが課題といえる。本硏究では意見文テキストを使用し、文法判定タスクおよび自由記述の穴埋めタスクを、中國語を母語とする日本語學習者(以下NNS)を對象に實施した。なお、先行硏究が非常に少ない「ものの屬性を表す指示表現」のなかでは特に「このような類」に着目し、文法判定タスクで「この類」のほか「このような類」と「φ」を含めた5肢選擇を試みることで、コ系とソ系の違いだけでなく類の違いも考察した。中級NNSと上級NNSを比較した結果、穴埋めタスクではトピックが繰り返される箇所や代行指示「その」が使用される箇所で中級NNSにのみ使用回避が見られるなどの違いが見られたが、文法判定タスクを10点滿点で採点したところ5%水準で兩者に差は見られなかった。また上級NNSと母語話者を比較した結果、上級NNSによる指示表現の過剩使用の可能性が示唆された。以上より、産出面で使用回避の傾向が見られた中級NNSに對しては、コ系とソ系だけでなく類の違いにも言及するなど、指示表現が適切に使用できるよう指導する必要があるといえる。また上級NNSに對しては、過剩使用を防ぐためにも指示表現が照應表現の中の1つであることを明示し、多樣な表現の使い分けを目指した指導が望ましいと考えられる。