Impact of pharmacist-led home medicines review services on drug-related problems among the elderly population: a systematic review

Sai Krishna Gudi,Ananth Kashyap,Manik Chhabra,Muhammed Rashid,Komal Krishna Tiwari 한국역학회 2019 Epidemiology and Health Vol.41 No.-

OBJECTIVES: To address and elucidate the impact of pharmacist-led home medicines review (HMR) services on identifying drug-related problems (DRPs) among the elderly population in home care settings. METHODS: A comprehensive systematic search was performed using electronic scientific databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science for studies published between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2018, pertaining to HMR services by pharmacists for identifying DRPs. RESULTS: In total, 4,292 studies were retrieved from the searches, of which 24 were excluded as duplicates. Titles and abstracts were screened for the remaining 4,268 studies, of which 4,239 were excluded due to the extraneous nature of the titles and/or abstracts. Subsequently, 29 full-text articles were assessed, and 19 were removed for lacking the outcome of interest and/or not satisfying the study’s inclusion criteria. Finally, 10 studies were included in the review; however, publication bias was not assessed, which is a limitation of this study. In all studies, pharmacists identified a highly significant amount of DRPs through HMR services. The most common types of DRPs were potential drug-drug interactions, serious adverse drug reactions, need for an additional drug, inappropriate medication use, non-adherence, untreated indications, excessive doses, and usage of expired medications. CONCLUSIONS: HMR is a novel extended role played by pharmacists. The efficiency of such programs in identifying and resolving DRPs could minimize patients’ health-related costs and burden, thereby enhancing the quality of life and well-being among the elderly.

Erratum: Eating speed and the risk of type 2 diabetes: explorations based on real-world evidence

Sai Krishna Gudi 대한소아내분비학회 2020 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.25 No.4

Eating speed and the risk of type 2 diabetes: explorations based on real-world evidence

Sai Krishna Gudi 대한소아내분비학회 2020 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.25 No.2

Metabolic syndrome, especially diabetes, has gained global attention over the past few decades and became one of the major public health concerns. Alongside known and well-established risk factors, eating behaviors, mainly eating speed has shown the potential as one of the novel risk factors that could supplement the development of diabetes. However, there is a paucity in evidence, and only a few studies have addressed this question so far. In this review, with a focus on eating speed and the risk of developing diabetes, authors attempted to shed some light on the high-quality studies that were conducted around the world using real-world data in drawing inferences, which could add-on to the literature and assist public in making informed decisions.

Schneiderian First Rank Symptoms and Gamma Oscillatory Activity in Neuroleptic Naïve First Episode Schizophrenia: A 192 Channel EEG Study

Sai Krishna Tikka,Shailly Yadav,Shamusul Haque Nizamie,Basudeb Das,Deyashini Lahiri Tikka,Nishant Goyal 대한신경정신의학회 2014 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.11 No.4

Objective-Schneiderian first-rank symptoms (FRS) and abnormal EEG gamma activity in schizophrenia have been reported independently to have a neurodevelopmental basis. We aimed to investigate spontaneous gamma power in two groups of first episode schizophrenia patients (those who experience FRS and those who do not). Methods-A comparative hospital based study having 37neuroleptic naïve male patients with schizophrenia divided into two groups-FRS(+) and FRS(-) groups based on the presence of FRS. Thirty age, sex, education and handedness matched individuals served as controls (N). All participants underwent a 192-channel resting Electroencephalography (EEG) recording. Gamma spectral power was calculated for low- (30–50 Hz) and high-gamma 1 & 2 (51–70 and 71–100 Hz) bands. Spectral power was compared between three groups using MANOVA and supplementary one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni test controlling for multiple comparisons. Linear regression was used to identifying predictor variables for FRS. Pearson correlation coefficient was computed between spectral power parameters and various clinical variables. Results-Significantly higher high gamma band-1 power was observed over right frontal (p<0.05), parietal (p<0.05) and temporal (p<0.05) regions in FRS(+) than FRS(-) group and normal controls. Right parietal high gamma-1 power and paranoid cluster on PANSS significantly predicted number of FRS in total schizophrenia patients; paranoid cluster on PANSS showed significant correlation with number of FRS in FRS(+) group. Conclusion-Findings of our study add to the evidence that areas contained within the hetero modal association cortex are associated with FRS. The study findings also strengthen the neurodevelopmental basis of FRS in schizophrenia.

Self-promotions and advertising: are they a common practice for boosting altmetric scores?

Sai Krishna Gudi,Swarna Priya Basker 한국과학학술지편집인협의회 2019 Science Editing Vol.6 No.2

.

Ease of sutures management of suspensory fixation devices in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a technical note

Sai Krishna M L V,Hira Lal Nag,Anupam Gupta 대한정형외과 스포츠의학회 2022 Arthroscopy and Orthopedic Sports Medicine Vol.9 No.1

In this technical note, we used a quadrupled hamstring graft and an endobutton continuous loop (CL; Smith & Nephew, Andover, MA, USA) as an implant for fixation of the graft on the femoral side and a bioscrew on the tibial side. The standard endobutton CL has a continuous loop for graft suspension and two high tensile sutures for shuttling through the tunnels. The unloading or entanglement of these sutures is a common complication during the passage of the endobutton through the tunnels. In this technical note, we described a simple method for unlooping the looped high tensile sutures of the endobutton CL on the femoral side, which helps to avoid the aforementioned complication.

Prognostic Importance of Spinopelvic Parameters in the Assessment of Conservative Treatment in Patients with Spondylolisthesis

Sai Krishna M L V,Deep Sharma,Jagdish Menon 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.2

Study Design: This was a prospective, two-group comparative study. Purpose: The present study aimed to determine the importance of the spinopelvic parameters in the causation and progression of spondylolisthesis. Overview of Literature: Spondylolisthesis is slippage of one vertebra over the vertebra below. Since the discovery of pelvic incidence (PI) in 1998 in addition to documentation of other parameters in spinopelvic balance, slippage in spondylolisthesis has been attributed to these parameters. Many studies on the Caucasian population have implicated high PI as a causative factor of spondylolisthesis. To the best of our knowledge, no study has described the role of these parameters in the progression of spondylolisthesis. Methods: The study was conducted in Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India. Seventy-nine patients with spondylolisthesis consented to participate in the study. All patients were advised to undergo conservative treatment and were regularly followed up according to the protocol. Seventy-five asymptomatic volunteers were recruited as a control group. Of the total of 79 patients, 54 were followed up for 6 months, during which 46 improved, eight showed no improvement, and 25 were lost to follow-up. Sagittal spinopelvic parameters were measured by a single observer using the Surgimap spine software ver. 2.1.2 (Nemaris, New York, NY, USA). Parameters measured were PI, pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), thoracic kyphosis, and lumbar lordosis. The results from patients and controls were compared using appropriate statistical methods. Results: The normal and spondylolisthesis groups significantly differed with respect to PI, SS, and PT (p <0.001). There were no significant differences in the measured spinopelvic parameters between patients with high- and low-grade spondylolisthesis or between those whose condition improved and those whose condition worsened. Conclusions: PI, the most important of all spinopelvic parameters, is responsible for the slip in spondylolisthesis, but not for its progression.

Epersist: A Two-Wheeled Self Balancing Robot Using PID Controller And Deep Reinforcement Learning

Ghanta Sai Krishna,Dyavat Sumith,Garika Akshay 제어로봇시스템학회 2022 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

A two-wheeled self-balancing robot is an example of an inverse pendulum and is an inherently non-linear, unstable system. The fundamental concept of the proposed framework Epersist is to overcome the challenge of counterbalancing an initially unstable system by delivering robust control mechanisms, Proportional Integral Derivative (PID), and Reinforcement Learning (RL). Moreover, the micro-controller NodeMCU ESP32 and inertial sensor in the Epersist employ fewer computational procedures to give accurate instruction regarding the spin of wheels to the motor driver, which helps control the wheels and balance the robot. This framework also consists of the mathematical model of the PID controller and a novel self-trained advantage actor-critic algorithm as the RL agent. After several experiments, control variable calibrations are made as the benchmark values to attain the angle of static equilibrium. This Epersist framework proposes PID and RL-assisted functional prototypes and simulations for better utility.

Dairy consumption and risk of type-2 diabetes: the untold story

Gudi Sai Krishna 대한소아내분비학회 2021 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.26 No.1

The role of dairy products in human health has been extensively studied for decades; however, evidence regarding dairy consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains controversial and uncertain. Furthermore, study results are misinterpreted to a remarkable extent. The aim of this review is to critically appraise the association between intake of dairy foods and risk of T2D. A thorough search was conducted using electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Related studies that addressed this research question between 2004 to 2019 were considered. Although most of the existing evidence suggests a beneficial role of dairy consumption on risk of T2D, only low-fat dairy foods and yogurt have shown a significant and consistent role, while other dairy products showed no association with prevention of T2D. Researchers, readers, and the public should maintain caution when reporting and interpreting findings and consider aspects such as heterogeneity, generalizability, and clinical and statistical significance.

Magnifying the importance of collecting race, ethnicity, industry, and occupation data during the COVID-19 pandemic

Gudi Sai Krishna,George Sophia M,Tiwari Komal Krishna 한국역학회 2021 Epidemiology and Health Vol.43 No.-

The contagiousness of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) led to the imposition of historical lockdowns in various countries, the shutdown of industries, and the start of a new era of leading, learning, and working from home. No scientific mind could have made accurate projections of the tremendous impact that COVID-19 would have on nations, communities, and the global-wide economy. Meanwhile, millions of workers have lost their jobs, while healthcare workers are overwhelmed and are reaching a state of mental and physical exhaustion. With the uncontrollable spread of the disease, researchers have been tirelessly working to identify factors correlated with COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. In this regard, race, ethnicity, industry, and occupation have been found to be predominant factors of interest. However, unfortunately, the unavailability of reliable data on individuals’ race, ethnicity, occupational, and employment details has been a difficult reality. Since race, ethnicity, and employment are essential social determinants of health and could serve as potential risk factors for COVID-19, collecting such information may offer important context for prioritising vulnerable groups. Thus, this perspective aims to highlight the importance and need for collecting race, ethnicity, and occupation-related data to track and treat the racial/ethnic groups that have been most strongly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Collecting such data will provide valuable insights and help public health officials recognise workplace-related outbreaks and evaluate the odds of various ethnic groups and professions contracting COVID-19.