http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Immobilization of Xylanase Using a Protein-Inorganic Hybrid System
( Ashok Kumar ),( Sanjay K. S. Patel ),( Bharat Mardan ),( Raviteja Pagolu ),( Rowina Lestari ),( Seong-hoon Jeong ),( Taedoo Kim ),( Jung Rim Haw ),( Sang-yong Kim ),( In-won Kim ),( Jung-kul Lee ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.4
In this study, the immobilization of xylanase using a protein-inorganic hybrid nanoflower system was assessed to improve the enzyme properties. The synthesis of hybrid xylanase nanoflowers was very effective at 4°C for 72 h, using 0.25 mg/ml protein, and efficient immobilization of xylanase was observed, with a maximum encapsulation yield and relative activity of 78.5% and 148%, respectively. Immobilized xylanase showed high residual activity at broad pH and temperature ranges. Using birchwood xylan as a substrate, the V<sub>max</sub> and K<sub>m</sub> values of xylanase nanoflowers were 1.60 mg/ml and 455 μmol/min/mg protein, compared with 1.42 mg/ml and 300 μmol/min/mg protein, respectively, for the free enzyme. After 5 and 10 cycles of reuse, the xylanase nanoflowers retained 87.5% and 75.8% residual activity, respectively. These results demonstrate that xylanase immobilization using a proteininorganic hybrid nanoflower system is an effective approach for its potential biotechnological applications.
Otari, Sachin V.,Shinde, Vijay V.,Hui, Gao,Patel, Sanjay K.S.,Kalia, Vipin C.,Kim, In-Won,Lee, Jung-Kul Elsevier 2019 CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL Vol.45 No.5
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Noble-metal hybrid nanostructures have gained tremendous attention due to their potential roles in biomedical and catalytic applications. In this study, for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs)–silica (SiO<SUB>2</SUB>) NPs, a novel green chemistry approach was employed, in which green tea biomolecule–encapsulated SiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanostructures were used for the reduction of silver ions to produce hybrid nanostructures within 300 s. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HrTEM) revealed the formation of uniform ultrafine spherical Ag NPs that were evenly distributed in the nanostructures. The formed nanohybrid structures showed efficient catalytic activity for the formation of derivatives of dihydroquinoline, and retained 91% of their reusability capacity, even after 5 repeated cycles. Hence, this work provides a novel synthesis method not only for the synthesis of biomolecule-entrapped SiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanostructures, but also for the rapid formation of catalytically active hybrid nanostructures.</P>
Patel, S.K.S.,Mardina, P.,Kim, D.,Kim, S.Y.,Kalia, V.C.,Kim, I.W.,Lee, J.K. Elsevier Applied Science 2016 Bioresource technology Vol.218 No.-
Raw biogas can be an alternative feedstock to pure methane (CH<SUB>4</SUB>) for methanol production. In this investigation, we evaluated the methanol production potential of Methylosinus sporium from raw biogas originated from an anaerobic digester. Furthermore, the roles of different gases in methanol production were investigated using synthetic gas mixtures of CH<SUB>4</SUB>, carbon dioxide (CO<SUB>2</SUB>), and hydrogen (H<SUB>2</SUB>). Maximum methanol production was 5.13, 4.35, 6.28, 7.16, 0.38, and 0.36mM from raw biogas, CH<SUB>4</SUB>:CO<SUB>2</SUB>, CH<SUB>4</SUB>:H<SUB>2</SUB>, CH<SUB>4</SUB>:CO<SUB>2</SUB>:H<SUB>2</SUB>, CO<SUB>2</SUB>, and CO<SUB>2</SUB>:H<SUB>2</SUB>, respectively. Supplementation of H<SUB>2</SUB> into raw biogas increased methanol production up to 3.5-fold. Additionally, covalent immobilization of M. sporium on chitosan resulted in higher methanol production from raw biogas. This study provides a suitable approach to improve methanol production using low cost raw biogas as a feed containing high concentrations of H<SUB>2</SUB>S (0.13%). To our knowledge, this is the first report on methanol production from raw biogas, using immobilized cells of methanotrophs.
Neutral beam injector system for Steady State Tokamak -1
S. K. Mattoo,A.K. Chakraborty,B. Prajapati,BVSNNP Sridhar,C. Rotti,Ch. Chakrapani,G. Patel,M. Bandyopadhyay,M.J. Singh,M.R. Jana,N.P. Singh,P. Bharati,P.J. Patel,P.K. Jayakumar,R. Onali,S. Ramababu,S. 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.III
This paper discusses the experimental results obtained from the various components developed for a 1.7 MW neutral beam injector (NBI). Several technologies related to fabrication of back plate, extractor grids, high-current filament feedthru’s, heat-transfer elements, ceramic insulators, cryopumps, rectangular vessels and power supplies have been developed in collaboration with the Indian industry. Control experiments on the prototype plasma box are described.
Enhancement in hydrogen production by co-cultures of Bacillus and Enterobacter
Patel, S.K.S.,Kumar, P.,Mehariya, S.,Purohit, H.J.,Lee, J.K.,Kalia, V.C. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.39 No.27
Defined co-cultures of hydrogen (H<SUB>2</SUB>) producers belonging to Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella and Bacillus were used for enhancing the efficiency of biological H<SUB>2</SUB> production. Out of 11 co-cultures consisting of 2-4 strains, two co-cultures composed of Bacillus cereus EGU43, Enterobacter cloacae HPC123, and Klebsiella sp. HPC793 resulted in H<SUB>2</SUB> yield up to 3.0 mol mol<SUP>-1</SUP> of glucose. Up-scaling of the reactor by 16-fold resulted in a corresponding increase in H<SUB>2</SUB> production with an actual evolution of 7.44 L of H<SUB>2</SUB>. It constituted 58.2% of the total biogas. Continuous culture evolution of H<SUB>2</SUB> by co-cultures (B. cereus EGU43 and E. cloacae HPC123) immobilized on ligno-cellulosic materials resulted in 6.4-fold improvement in H<SUB>2</SUB> yield compared to free floating bacteria. This synergistic influence of B. cereus and E. cloacae can offer a better strategy for H<SUB>2</SUB> production than undefined or mixed cultures.
Synthesis of monodisperse In2O3 nanoparticles and their d0 ferromagnetism
S.K.S. Patel,Khemchand Dewangan,Simant Kumar Srivastav,N.S. Gajbhiye 한국물리학회 2014 Current Applied Physics Vol.14 No.6
Monodisperse indium oxide (In2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) with the average diameter of 11nmwere prepared by a solvothermal method. The In2O3 NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman and transmission electron microscopy. The intrinsic nature of ferromagnetism in In2O3 NPs has been established with the experimental observation of magnetic hysteresis loop. Photoluminescence and UVevisible studies were employed to evidence the presence of oxygen vacancies and revealed that the oxygen vacancies contribute to the ferromagnetism. The origin of ferromagnetism in In2O3 NPs may be due to exchange interactions among localized electron spin moments resulting from oxygen vacancies.
Patel, S.K.S.,Selvaraj, C.,Mardina, P.,Jeong, J.H.,Kalia, V.C.,Kang, Y.C.,Lee, J.K. Applied Science Publishers 2016 APPLIED ENERGY Vol.171 No.-
<P>Both methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are major greenhouse gases (GHGs); hence, effective processes are required for their conversion into useful products. CH4 is used by a few groups of methanotrophs to produce methanol. However, to achieve economical and sustainable CH4 reduction strategies, additional strains are needed that can exploit natural CH4 feed stocks. In this study, we evaluated methanol production by Methylosinus sporium from CH4 and synthetic gas. The optimum pH, temperature, incubation period, substrate, reaction volume to headspace ratio, and phosphate buffer concentration were determined to be 6.8, 30 C, 24 h, 50% CH4, 1:5, and 100 mM (with 20 mM MgC12 [a methanol dehydrogenase inhibitor]), respectively. Optimization of the production conditions and process parameters significantly improved methanol production from 0.86 mM to 5.80 mM. Covalent immobilization of M. sporium on Chitosan significantly improved the stability and reusability for up to 6 cycles of reuse under batch culture conditions. The immobilized cells utilized a synthetic gas mixture containing CH4, CO2, and hydrogen (at a ratio of 6:3:1) more efficiently than free cells, with a maximum methanol production of 6.12 mM. This is the first report of high methanol production by M. sporium covalently immobilized on a solid support from a synthetic gas mixture. Utilization of cost-effective feedstocks derived from natural resources will be an economical and environmentally friendly way to reduce the harmful effects of GHGs. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
( S. V. Otari ),( S. H. Pawar ),( Sanjay K. S. Patel ),( Raushan K. Singh ),( Sang-yong Kim ),( Jai Hyo Lee ),( Liaoyuan Zhang ),( Jung-kul Lee ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.4
A novel approach to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using leaf extract of Canna edulis Ker-Gawl. (CELE) under ambient conditions is reported here. The as-prepared AgNPs were analyzed by UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission emission microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive analysis of X-ray spectroscopy, zeta potential, and dynamic light scattering. The AgNPs showed excellent antimicrobial activity against various pathogens, including bacteria and various fungi. The biocompatibility of the AgNPs was analyzed in the L929 cell line using NRU and MTT assays. Acridine orange/ ethidium bromide staining was used to determine whether the AgNPs had necrotic or apoptotic effects on L929 cells. The concentration of AgNPs required for 50% inhibition of growth of mammalian cells is far more than that required for inhibition of pathogenic microorganisms. Thus, CELE is a candidate for the eco-friendly, clean, cost-effective, and nontoxic synthesis of AgNPs.
Patel, S.N.,Datta, P.K.,Sheikh, A.H. Techno-Press 2006 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.22 No.4
The dynamic instability characteristics of laminated composite stiffened shell panels subjected to in-plane harmonic edge loading are investigated in this paper. The eight-noded isoparametric degenerated shell element and a compatible three-noded curved beam element are used to model the shell panels and the stiffeners respectively. As the usual formulation of degenerated beam element is found to overestimate the torsional rigidity, an attempt has been made to reformulate it in an efficient manner. Moreover the new formulation for the beam element requires five degrees of freedom per node as that of shell element. The method of Hill's infinite determinant is applied to analyze the dynamic instability regions. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the effects of various parameters like shell geometry, lamination scheme, stiffening scheme, static and dynamic load factors and boundary conditions, on the dynamic instability behaviour of laminated composite stiffened panels subjected to in-plane harmonic loads along the boundaries. The results of free vibration and buckling of the laminated composite stiffened curved panels are also presented.