Posterior Retroperitoneoscopic Adrenalectomy for Large Adrenal Pheochromocytoma: A Case Report

Sameer A. Rege,Sulay K. Shah,Dhaval Vasa,Dhaval Bhesaniya 대한내분비외과학회 2022 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.22 No.1

Minimally invasive adrenalectomy has now become the preferred technique for adrenalectomies and can be done via transperitoneal laparoscopic and retroperitoneoscopic approaches. The retroperitoneal approach is generally suitable for <5 cm tumors, whereas the transperitoneal approach is preferred for larger tumors. We report an 8 cm right adrenal pheochromocytoma operated with a posterior retroperitoneoscopic approach without any surgical complications. The posterior retroperitoneoscopic approach for large adrenal tumors (>5 cm) considering its additional advantages is a reasonable alternative to the transperitoneal laparoscopic approach, in experienced hands.

Adrenal Hemangioma: a Rare Incidentaloma

Amiteshwar Singh,Sameer Rege,Shrinivas Surpam 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2018 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.18 No.1

Hemangioma of the adrenal gland is a rare benign tumor. The diagnosis is often postoperative on histopathological examination with the presence of blood filled, dilated vascular channels. Approximately 60 surgical cases have been reported in the literature so far. We present a case of a 41 years old man who was incidentally found to have a 5 cm right adrenal mass, on abdominal ultrasonography done to evaluate for right renal colicky pain. Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen revealed a 5 cm right adrenal lesion with peripheral enhancement on arterial phase with central necrosis consistent with a pheochromocytoma. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) was performed through a transperitoneal flank approach. Pathological examination revealed a 6 cm adrenal mass with extensive central necrotic areas mixed with dilated vascular channels with the diagnosis of adrenal hemangioma. Adrenal hemangiomas are extremely uncommon. They are mostly incidentally diagnosed owing to their non-secretory nature with non-specific symptom profile. LA is technically safe and feasible for large adrenal tumors, but controversy exists in cases of suspected malignancy. We prefer laparoscopic approach on the basis of preoperative abdominal CT scan that excludes radiological signs of adrenocortical carcinoma such as peri-adrenal infiltration and vascular invasion. LA is considered the standard treatment in case of diagnosis of benign lesions. The most important thing preoperatively is to work out the risk of malignancy and hormonal profile of the patient before going for the excision of the adrenal incidentaloma.

The Genetic Diversity of Trans-caucasian Native Sheep Breeds

Hirbo, Jibril,Muigai, Anne,Naqvi, A.N.,Rege, E.D.,Hanotte, Olivier Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.7

The genetic variation in 10 indigenous Caucasian sheep breeds was studied with 14 micro-satellite loci in order to determine the genetic diversity among and between the breeds. Five breeds from Asia, five breeds from Europe and one breed from Africa, were included in order to study any relationships or influences they may have with the Caucasian sheep analyzed. A Karakul population from Uzbekistan was included in the study to see whether there was any Central Asian influence. All the 14 loci were found to be polymorphic in all the breeds, with the exception of ILST0056, which was monomorphic in Imeretian. A total of 231 alleles were generated from all the 688 individuals of the sheep analyzed. The mean number of alleles (MNA) at each locus was 16.5. The total number of alleles detected in all samples ranged from 13 in several loci to 23 in OarJMP029. Out of total 308 Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) tests, 85 gave significant results. After Bonferroni correction for multiple tests, 30 comparisons still remained significant to the experimental levels. The Gala population was the most diverse and Imeretian the least diverse with a MNA of 8.50 and 5.51, respectively. Gene diversity estimates exhibited the same trend and ranged from 0.803 in Gala and 0.623 in Imeretian, but generally there is higher diversity among the Caucasian breeds in comparison to other eference breeds. The closest breeds were Tushin and Bozakh with Da of 0.113 and most distant breeds were $Djallonk{\acute{e}}$ and North Rondalsy with Da of 0.445. Principal Component (PC) analyses were done. PC1 described 14% of the differences. PC2, which described 13% of the differences, further separated the Caucasian breeds from Asian breeds except Karakul and Awasi, and the two British breeds. PC3 described 10% of the differences, allowing better differentiation of the Caucasian breeds. A moderate degree of reliability was observed for individual-breed assignment from the 14 loci using different approaches among which the Bayesian method proved to be the most efficient. About 72% of individuals analyzed were correctly assigned to their respective breeds.

Genetic Diversity of Indigenous Cattle Populations in Bhutan: Implications for Conservation

Dorji, T.,Hanotte, O.,Arbenz, M.,Rege, J.E.O.,Roder, W. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.7

The Genetic diversity and relationship of native Siri (Bos indicus) cattle populations of Bhutan were evaluated using 20 microsatellite markers. A total of 120 Siri cattle were sampled and were grouped into four populations according to their geographical locations which were named Siri West, Siri South, Siri Central and Siri East cattle. For each, 30 individuals were sampled. In addition, 30 samples each of Indian Jaba (B. indicus), Tibetan Goleng (B. taurus), Nepal Hill cattle (B. indicus), Holstein Friesian (B.taurus) and Mithun (B. frontalis) were typed. The mean number of alleles per loci (MNA) and observed heterozygosity (Ho) were high in the Siri populations ($MNA=7.2{\pm}0.3$ to $8.9{\pm}0.5$ and $Ho=0.67{\pm}0.04$ to $0.73{\pm}0.03$). The smallest coefficient of genetic differentiation and genetic distance ($F_{ST}=0.015$ and $D_A=0.073$) were obtained between Siri West and Siri Central populations. Siri East population is genetically distinct from the other Siri populations being close to the Indian Jaba ($F_{ST}=0.024$ and $D_A=0.084$). A high bootstrap value of 96% supported the close relationship of Siri South, Siri Central and Siri West, while the relationship between Siri East and Jaba was also supported by a high bootstrap value (82%). Data from principal component analysis and individual assignment test were in concordance with the inference from genetic distance and differentiation. In conclusion we identified two separate Siri cattle populations in Bhutan at the genetic level. One population included Siri cattle sampled from the West, Central and South of the country and the other Siri cattle was sampled from the East of the country. We suggest that Siri cattle conservation program in Bhutan should focus on the former population as it has received less genetic influence from other cattle breeds.

A novel excisional wound pain model for evaluation of analgesics in rats

( Sergio Parra ),( Vaidehi J. Thanawala ),( Ajay Rege ),( Heather Giles ) 대한통증학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.34 No.2

Background: Management of pain from open wounds is a growing unmet healthcare need. However, the models available to study pain from wounds or to develop analgesics for the patients suffering from them have primarily relied on incisional models. Here, we present the first characterized and validated model of open wound pain. Methods: Unilateral full-skin excisional punch biopsy wounds on rat hind paws were evaluated for evoked pain using withdrawal responses to mechanical and thermal stimulation, and spontaneous pain was measured using hind paw weight distribution and guarding behavior. Evaluations were done before wounding (baseline) and 2-96 hours post-wounding. The model was validated by testing the effects of buprenorphine and carprofen. Results: Pain responses to all tests increased within 2 hours post-wounding and were sustained for at least 4 days. Buprenorphine caused a reversal of all four pain responses at 1 and 4 hours post-treatment compared to 0.9% saline (P < 0.001). Carprofen decreased the pain response to thermal stimulation at 1 (P ≤ 0.049) and 4 hours (P < 0.011) post-treatment compared to 0.9% saline, but not to mechanical stimulation. Conclusions: This is the first well-characterized and validated model of pain from open wounds and will allow study of the pathophysiology of pain in open wounds and the development of wound-specific analgesics.

Face Features Based Biometric Watermarking of Digital Image Using Singular Value Decomposition for Fingerprinting

Vandana S Inamdar,Priti P Rege 보안공학연구지원센터 2012 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.6 No.2

Genetic Characterization of Indigenous Goats of Sub-saharan Africa Using Microsatellite DNA Markers

Chenyambuga, S.W.,Hanotte, O.,Hirbo, J.,Watts, P.C.,Kemp, S.J.,Kifaro, G.C.,Gwakisa, P.S.,Petersen, P.H.,Rege, J.E.O. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.4

Genetic diversity of sub-Saharan African goats was assessed using 19 microsatellite markers. Breeds were sampled from eastern Africa (Maasai, Kigezi, Mubende, North West Highland, Arsi-Bale), southern Africa (Ndebele, Pafuri) and West Africa (West African Dwarf, Maure, Djallonke). European breeds (Grisons Striped, Toggenburg), Asian breeds (Mongolian Cashmere, Bandipur) and a Middle East breed (Arab) were also included. The mean number of alleles per locus and average gene diversity ranged from 5.26$\pm$0.464 (Djallonke) to 7.05$\pm$0.516 (Mubende) and from 0.542$\pm$0.036 (Pafuri) to 0.672$\pm$0.031 (Ndebele), respectively. The between breeds variation evaluated using $$G_{ST}$$ and $\theta$ were found to account for 14.6% ($\theta$) and 15.7% ($$G_{ST}$$) of the total genetic variation. The $D_{A}$ measure of genetic distance between pairs of breeds indicated that the largest genetic distance was between Pafuri and Djallonke while the lowest genetic distance was between Arsi-Bale and North West Highland. A neighbour-joining tree of breed relationships revealed that the breeds were grouped according to their geographic origins. Principal component analysis supported the grouping of the breeds according to their geographic origins. It was concluded that the relationships of sub-Saharan African goat breeds were according to their geographical locations implying that the goats of eastern Africa, West Africa and southern Africa are genetically distinct. Within each sub-region, goat populations could be differentiated according to morphological characteristics.