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Ranjith Kumar Manoharan,Jeong-Suk Hyeon Han,Srigopalram Srisesharam,Mi-Young Chung,Ill-Sup Nou 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07
Onion is one of the most widely consumed vegetables. There are many cultivars, which are grouped according to skin color as yellow, white or red. Onions can also be classified as sweet or non-sweet. Their importance in cooking comes from their typical taste and flavour. The sugars, pyruvic acid accumulation and transcript level of some transcription factors involved in the biosynthesis of high sugars and pyruvic acid was analyzed at different stages of bulb onion (Allium cepa) growing under light and dark condition using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Quantitative real time PCR. A genetic map and cultivar lines 36101and 36122 were used to identify transcription factors controlling pungency and sugar. We compared 2 different lines for low pungency and high sugars during water and photoperiod stress, which showed significant positive phenotypic and genetic correlations. These results could be presumably used as useful information to obtain onion varieties rich in sugars.
Ranjith Kumar Manoharan,Jeong Suk Hyeon Han,Senthil Kumar Thamilarasan,Jong-In Park,Ill-Sup Nou 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07
Onion and other Allium vegetables have been valued since antiquity for their pungent flavor and aroma. Modern science has confirmed traditional benefits that the organosulfur compounds that impart flavor also confer significant human health benefits such as reduced blood clotting and antimicrobial properties. Glucose, fructose and sucrose comprises majority of onion bulb dry matter content. The sugars, pyruvic acid accumulation and transcript level of some transcription factors involved in the biosynthesis of high sugars and pyruvic acid. These profiles were compared with two different lines 36101 (early) and 36122(Late) of bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) growing under drought and photoperiod condition using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Quantitative real time PCR using FT genes. We identified the gene AcFT4 was responsible for early and late bulb intiation in the onion lines. The cultivar lines 36101and 36122 were used to identify potential genes controlling pungency and sugar. The comparative analysis of two lines showed significant positive phenotypic and genetic correlations. Sugar and pungency profile showed significant difference between two lines. FT gene expression and pungency level was high in onion lines during drought stress. In this study, we proposed the biochemical characterization of two line and genes involved in the bulb formation were also studied. There is a correlation between sugars and pungency level during the drought stress. These results could be presumably used as useful information to obtain onion varieties rich in sugars and pungency.
Manoharan, Ranjith Kumar,Lee, Jin‐,Hyung,Lee, Jintae John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018 Microbial biotechnology Vol.11 No.6
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Certain pathogenic bacteria and yeast form biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces including medical devices and implants. Hence, the development of antibiofilm coating materials becomes relevant. The virulence of those colonizing pathogens can be reduced by inhibiting biofilm formation rather than killing pathogens using excessive amounts of antimicrobials, which is touted as one of the main reasons for the development of drug resistance. <I>Candida albicans</I> is an opportunistic fungal pathogen, and the transition of yeast cells to hyphal cells is believed to be a crucial virulence factor. Previous studies have shown that indole and its derivatives possess antivirulence properties against various bacterial pathogens. In this study, we used various indole derivatives to investigate biofilm‐inhibiting activity against <I>C. albicans</I>. Our study revealed that 7‐benzyloxyindole, 4‐fluoroindole and 5‐iodoindole effectively inhibited biofilm formation compared to the antifungal agent fluconazole. Particularly, 7‐benzyloxyindole at 0.02 mM (4.5 μg ml<SUP>−1</SUP>) significantly reduced <I>C. albicans</I> biofilm formation, but had no effect on planktonic cells, and this finding was confirmed by a 2,3‐bis‐(2‐methoxy‐4‐nitro‐5‐sulfophenyl)‐2H‐tetrazolium‐5‐carboxanilide (XTT) assay and three‐dimensional confocal laser scanning microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy analyses revealed that 7‐benzyloxyindole effectively inhibited hyphal formation, which explains biofilm inhibition. Transcriptomic analysis showed that 7‐benzyloxyindole downregulated the expressions of several hypha/biofilm‐related genes (<I>ALS3</I>,<I>ECE1</I>,<I>HWP1</I> and <I>RBT1</I>). A <I>C. albicans</I>‐infected <I>Caenorhabditis elegans</I> model system was used to confirm the antivirulence efficacy of 7‐benzyloxyindole.</P>
Manoharan, Ranjith Kumar,Shanmugam, Ashokraj,Hwang, Indeok,Park, Jong-In,Nou, Ill-Sup,Scoles, G.J. Canadian Science Publishing 2016 Genome Vol.59 No.6
<P> Brassica oleracea var. capitata (cabbage) is an important vegetable crop in Asian countries such as Korea, China, and Japan. Cabbage production is severely affected by clubroot disease caused by the soil-borne plant pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae. During clubroot development, methyl salicylate (MeSA) is biosynthesized from salicylic acid (SA) by methyltransferase. In addition, methyl salicylate esterase (MES) plays a major role in the conversion of MeSA back into free SA. The interrelationship between MES and methytransferases during clubroot development has not been fully explored. To begin to examine these relationships, we investigated the expression of MES genes in disease-susceptible and disease-resistant plants during clubroot development. We identified three MES-encoding genes potentially involved in the defense against pathogen attack. We found that SS1 was upregulated in both the leaves and roots of B. oleracea during P. brassicae infection. These results support the conclusion that SA biosynthesis is suppressed during pathogen infection in resistant plants. We also characterized the expression of a B. oleracea BSMT gene, which appears to be involved in glycosylation rather than MeSA biosynthesis. Our results provide insight into the functions and interactions of genes for MES and methyltransferase during infection. Taken together, our findings indicate that MES genes are important candidates for use to control clubroot diseases. </P>
Hwang, Indeok,Manoharan, Ranjith Kumar,Kang, Jong-Goo,Chung, Mi-Young,Kim, Young-Wook,Nou, Ill-Sup Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 BioMed research international Vol.2016 No.-
<P>Cabbages (<I>Brassica oleracea</I> L.) are an important vegetable crop around world, and cold temperature is among the most significant abiotic stresses causing agricultural losses, especially in cabbage crops. Plant bZIP transcription factors play diverse roles in biotic/abiotic stress responses. In this study, 119 putative BolbZIP transcription factors were identified using amino acid sequences from several bZIP domain consensus sequences. The BolbZIP members were classified into 63 categories based on amino acid sequence similarity and were also compared with BrbZIP and AtbZIP transcription factors. Based on this BolbZIP identification and classification, cold stress-responsive<I> BolbZIP</I> genes were screened in inbred lines,<I> BN106</I> and<I> BN107</I>, using RNA sequencing data and qRT-PCR. The expression level of the 3 genes,<I> Bol008071</I>,<I> Bol033132</I>, and<I> Bol042729</I>, was significantly increased in<I> BN107</I> under cold conditions and was unchanged in<I> BN106</I>. The upregulation of these genes in<I> BN107</I>, a cold-susceptible inbred line, suggests that they might be significant components in the cold response. Among three identified genes,<I> Bol033132</I> has 97% sequence similarity to<I> Bra020735</I>, which was identified in a screen for cold-related genes in<I> B. rapa</I> and a protein containing N-rich regions in LCRs. The results obtained in this study provide valuable information for understanding the potential function of BolbZIP transcription factors in cold stress responses.</P>