Inkjet-Printable Hydrochromic Paper for Encrypting Information and Anticounterfeiting

Singh, Varun Kumar,Chitumalla, Ramesh Kumar,Ravi, Sai Kishore,Zhang, Yaoxin,Xi, Yongjie,Sanjairaj, Vijayvenkataramana,Zhang, Chun,Jang, Joonkyung,Tan, Swee Ching American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.38

<P>Developing rewritable papers has gathered immense interest in recent times in view of developing sustainability in print media without exhausting environmental resources. We herein present a rapid and facile procedure. for the fabrication of a communication medium by treating the surface of a paper with synthetic organic molecules, after which plain water could be used as an ink to print and reprint numerous times on the treated paper before disposal. Interestingly, as the paper comes in contact with water, the molecules are driven to reorganize in. a slip-stacked arrangement. This alters their ground and excited state properties by hydrogen-bond assisted nonradiative decay, in which the associated changes are visible to, the naked eye. The changes evolved are sensitive to the solubility parameter of the solvent and thermally reversible, thus linking the hydrochromic property to the paper. Against a background of concerns over a rise in counterfeiting and leaks of confidential information, prospects for encrypted communications and anticounterfeiting is herein demonstrated.</P>

68Ga-PSMA-11 uptake in tracheal mucus plug – a potential pitfall

Kunal Ramesh Chandekar,Apurva Sood,Kumar Rajender,Singh Harmandeep,Shrawan Kumar Singh 대한핵의학회 2022 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.56 No.1

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT is a well-acclaimed imaging modality for prostate cancer (PCa). However, many reports have highlighted PSMA radioligand uptake in a variety of benign tumors and lesions. We report a case of PCa in which 68 Ga-PSMA-11 uptake was noted in the tracheal lumen. However, 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT was done on a subsequent day, which demonstrated no abnormal radiotracer uptake or morphological lesion within the tracheal lumen. This case highlights an uncommon finding of PSMA ligand uptake in a tracheal mucus plug (non-prostatic benign uptake), which may be misinterpreted as a false-positive finding.

Estimation and Association of Genetic Diversity and Heterosis in Basmati Rice

Sharat Kumar Pradhan,Sanjay Singh,Lotan Kumar Bose,Ramesh Chandra,Omkar Nath Singh 한국작물학회 2007 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.10 No.2

A representative group of 38 improved basmati lines including maintainers of sterile lines were studied for genetic diversity utilizing Mahalanobis D2 statistics. A wide diversity was observed having ten clusters with high intra- and inter-cluster distance. Heterosis was estimated utilizing the cytoplasmic male sterile lines from the clusters having high intra- and inter-cluster distance. Highly heterotic hybrids were obtained from the hybridization programme. Cross combinations IR68281A/Pusa 1235-95-73-1-1, IR 68281A/RP 3644-41-9-5, Pusa 3A/UPR 2268-4-1, IR 68281A/Pusa Basmati-1, IR68281A/BTCE 10-98, and IR58025A/HKR 97- 401 were found to be highly heterotic for grain yield/plant with other agronomic and quality traits. Additionally, a positive association of intra-cluster distance with heterosis was observed, which could be utilized as a guideline for predicting heterosis in basmati hybrid rice breeding program. Also, a positive association between inter-cluster distance and heterosis was observed. A representative group of 38 improved basmati lines including maintainers of sterile lines were studied for genetic diversity utilizing Mahalanobis D2 statistics. A wide diversity was observed having ten clusters with high intra- and inter-cluster distance. Heterosis was estimated utilizing the cytoplasmic male sterile lines from the clusters having high intra- and inter-cluster distance. Highly heterotic hybrids were obtained from the hybridization programme. Cross combinations IR68281A/Pusa 1235-95-73-1-1, IR 68281A/RP 3644-41-9-5, Pusa 3A/UPR 2268-4-1, IR 68281A/Pusa Basmati-1, IR68281A/BTCE 10-98, and IR58025A/HKR 97- 401 were found to be highly heterotic for grain yield/plant with other agronomic and quality traits. Additionally, a positive association of intra-cluster distance with heterosis was observed, which could be utilized as a guideline for predicting heterosis in basmati hybrid rice breeding program. Also, a positive association between inter-cluster distance and heterosis was observed.

Estimation and Association of Genetic Diversity and Heterosis in Basmati Rice

Pradhan, Sharat Kumar,Singh, Sanjay,Bose, Lotan Kumar,Chandra, Ramesh,Singh, Omkar Nath The Korean Society of Crop Science 2007 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.10 No.2

A representative group of 38 improved basmati lines including maintainers of sterile lines were studied for genetic diversity utilizing Mahalanobis $D^2$ statistics. A wide diversity was observed having ten clusters with high intra- and inter-cluster distance. Heterosis was estimated utilizing the cytoplasmic male sterile lines from the clusters having high intra- and inter-cluster distance. Highly heterotic hybrids were obtained from the hybridization programme. Cross combinations IR68281A/Pusa 1235-95-73-1-1, IR68281A/RP 3644-41-9-5, Pusa 3A/UPR 2268-4-1, IR 68281A/Pusa Basmati-1, IR68281A/BTCE 10-98, and IR58025A/HKR 97-401 were found to be highly heterotic for grain yield/plant with other agronomic and quality traits. Additionally, a positive association of intra-cluster distance with heterosis was observed, which could be utilized as a guideline for predicting heterosis in basmati hybrid rice breeding program. Also, a positive association between inter-cluster distance and heterosis was observed.

Genome‑wide mining of respiratory burst homologs and its expression in response to biotic and abiotic stresses in Triticum aestivum

Sudhir Navathe,Sakshi Singh,Vinay Kumar Singh,Ramesh Chand,Vinod Kumar Mishra,Arun Kumar Joshi 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.9

Background Membrane-bound NADPH oxidases (Nicotinamide adenine ainucleotide phosphate oxidase) also called respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rboh) play an essential role in ROS production under normal as well as environmental stress conditions in plants. Objective To identify and study respiratory burst homologs (Rboh) from the wheat genome as well as characterize their role in various biological and molecular processes along with expression in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Methods The Rboh homologs in the wheat genome were predicted based on data processing, alignment of sequences and phylogenetic analysis of sequences in numerous plant species and wheat. The conserved motifs were known followed by domain design study. The 3-D structure prediction and similarity modeling were administered for NADPH enzyme domain. Gene ontology and a functional study were done in addition to expression analysis of Triticum aestivum respiratory burst oxidase (TaRboh) gene family in response to biotic as well as abiotic stress. Results Phylogenetic analysis of Rboh gene family members among seven plant species including wheat, classified the family into four subfamilies. Rboh genes are mainly involved in various biological processes such as Response to oxidative stress, Superoxide anion generation, Hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process. Among the molecular functions, calcium ion binding, peroxidase activity, oxidoreductase activity, superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activity are essential. Enzyme annotation of the family and superfamily revealed that it encodes to five structural clusters and coding to enzymes NAD(P)H oxidase ( H2O2-forming) (EC:1.6.3.1), Ferric-chelate reductase (NADH) (EC: 1.16.1.7), Peroxidase (EC: 1.11.1.7), Ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase (EC: 2.7.6.1). The enzymes contain six membrane-spanning domains, two hemes, and conserved motifs associated with NADPH, EF-hand and FAD binding. The outcomes additionally reflect a distinct role of this enzyme in different molecular functions which are responsible for the stress signaling. Further, the transcripts of TaRboh found expressed in various plant parts such as stem, leaves, spike, seed, and roots. We also observed expression of these gene family members under drought/combination of drought + heat and important wheat pathogens such as Puccinia striformis, Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici, Fusarium graminiarum, F. pseudograminiarum, and Zymoseptoria tritici. Conclusions The investigation demonstrated that identified respiratory burst homologs (Rboh) in T. aestivum were involved in pathogen activated ROS production and have regulatory functions in cell death and defense responses.

Mitochondrial sequence based characterization and morphometric assessment of Diara buffalo population

Singh Karan Veer,Purohit Hitesh,Singh Ramesh Kumar 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.7

Objective: The present study is aimed at phenotypic characterization and mitochondrial d-loop analysis of indigenous “Diara” buffalo population, which are mostly confined to the villages on the South and North Gangetic marshy plains in the Bihar state of India. These buffaloes are well adapted and are best suited for ploughing and puddling the wet fields meant for paddy cultivation. Methods: Biometric data on 172 buffaloes were collected using a standard flexible tape measure. Animals are medium in size; the typical morphometric features are long head with a broad forehead and moderately long and erect ears. Genomic DNA was isolated from unrelated animals. The mtDNA d‐loop 358‐bp sequence data was generated and compared with 338 sequences belonging to riverine and swamp buffaloes. Results: Based on the mitochondrial d-loop analysis the Diara buffaloes were grouped along with the haplotypes reported for riverine buffalo. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of 7 mitochondrial D loop haplotypes with haplotype diversity of 0.9643. Five of the haplotypes were shared with established swamp breeds and with Buffalo population of Orissa in India. Conclusion: Morphometric analyses clearly shows distinguishing features like long and broad forehead which may be useful in identification. The germplasm of Diara buffalo is much adapted to the marshy banks of river Ganga and its tributaries. It constitutes a valuable genetic resource which needs to be conserved on priority basis. Objective: The present study is aimed at phenotypic characterization and mitochondrial d-loop analysis of indigenous “Diara” buffalo population, which are mostly confined to the villages on the South and North Gangetic marshy plains in the Bihar state of India. These buffaloes are well adapted and are best suited for ploughing and puddling the wet fields meant for paddy cultivation.Methods: Biometric data on 172 buffaloes were collected using a standard flexible tape measure. Animals are medium in size; the typical morphometric features are long head with a broad forehead and moderately long and erect ears. Genomic DNA was isolated from unrelated animals. The mtDNA d‐loop 358‐bp sequence data was generated and compared with 338 sequences belonging to riverine and swamp buffaloes.Results: Based on the mitochondrial d-loop analysis the Diara buffaloes were grouped along with the haplotypes reported for riverine buffalo. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of 7 mitochondrial D loop haplotypes with haplotype diversity of 0.9643. Five of the haplotypes were shared with established swamp breeds and with Buffalo population of Orissa in India.Conclusion: Morphometric analyses clearly shows distinguishing features like long and broad forehead which may be useful in identification. The germplasm of Diara buffalo is much adapted to the marshy banks of river Ganga and its tributaries. It constitutes a valuable genetic resource which needs to be conserved on priority basis.

Genetic Parameters of Growth Traits in Crossbred Sheep

Singh, D.,Kumar, Ramesh,Pander, B.L.,Dhaka, S.S.,Singh, S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.10

Data spread over 11 years (1986-1996) pertaining to a synthetic population developed by inter se mating of half-breds of Corriedale and Russian Merino with Nali maintained at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar were utilized for the estimation of genetic parameters for growth traits. The means for birth weight (BWT), weaning weight (WWT), six month body weight (SWT), yearling weight (YWT), preweaning daily gain (PRW) and post weaning daily gain (POW) were 3.35 kg, 10.79 kg, 13.28 kg, 18.96 kg, 82.6 gm and 27.6 gm, respectively. The effects of year and season of birth and sex of lamb were significant for all the traits under study except the effect of season of birth for WWT, SWT and PRW. No definite trend was observed over the years for the averages of body weight and gain. Lambs born during the spring season performed better for BWT, WWT and PRW while the performance of lambs born during autumn was better for the other traits included in the study. The male lambs were heavier than the females for body weight at all stages and gain in weight. The heritability estimates for WWT and PRW were low; for BWT and SWT were moderate and for YWT and POW were high. Birth weight had high heritability and high genetic correlations with subsequent body weights and gains but due to the presence of a maternal effect on BWT and WWT, a sequential selection procedure is recommended for the improvement of growth rate in sheep.

Fowler Nordheim Plot Analysis of Degradation in P3HT:PCBM Thin Film MIM Devices

Vinamrita Singh,Ramesh Kumar 한국고분자학회 2019 Macromolecular Research Vol.27 No.10

Metal-Insulator-Metal type devices based on poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]- phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) have been examined to understand the effect of degradation on the charge injection and transport phenomena. The Fowler Nordheim (FN) plots with time have been investigated to analyze the behavior of charge tunneling through the potential barrier at the interfaces. A clear transition from thermionic emission to tunneling is observed, and the transition voltage at which this occurs reduces with time. Furthermore, there is appearance of multiple inflexion points with time in the FN plots, and this is explained on the basis of recombination and majority charge carriers within the device. To validate the observations, comparative studies have been carried out on multi-walled carbon nanotube doped samples, which indicate similar behavior for fresh and degraded samples. It is, thus, ascertained that defect states, recombination of charge carriers and the mobility plays a significant role in governing the device behavior.

Antibacterial and Pharmacological Evaluation of Fluoroquinolones: A Chemoinformatics Approach

Sood, Damini,Kumar, Neeraj,Singh, Aarushi,Sakharkar, Meena Kishore,Tomar, Vartika,Chandra, Ramesh Korea Genome Organization 2018 Genomics & informatics Vol.16 No.3

Fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics are an important class of synthetic antibacterial agents. These are the most extensively used drugs for treating bacterial infections in the field of both human and veterinary medicine. Herein, the antibacterial and pharmacological properties of four fluoroquinolones: lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin have been studied. The objective of this study was to analyze the antibacterial characteristics of the different fluoroquinolones. Also, the pharmacological properties of the compounds including the Lipinski rule of five, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, LD50, drug likeliness, and toxicity were evaluated. We found that among all four FQ molecules, ofloxacin showed the highest antibacterial activity through in silico assays with a strong interaction (-38.52 kJ/mol) with the antibacterial target protein (topoisomerase-II DNA gyrase enzyme). The pharmacological and pharmacokinetic analysis also showed that the compounds ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, lomefloxacin and norfloxacin have good pharmacological properties. Notably, ofloxacin was found to possess an IGC50 (concentration needed to inhibit 50% growth) value of $0.286{\mu}g/L$ against the Tetrahymena pyriformis protozoa. It also tested negative for the Ames toxicity test, showing its non-carcinogenic character.

Antibacterial and Pharmacological Evaluation of Fluoroquinolones: A Chemoinformatics Approach

Damini Sood,Neeraj Kumar,Aarushi Singh,Meena Kishore Sakharkar,Vartika Tomar,Ramesh Chandra 한국유전체학회 2018 Genomics & informatics Vol.16 No.3

Fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics are an important class of synthetic antibacterial agents. These are the most extensively used drugs for treating bacterial infections in the field of both human and veterinary medicine. Herein, the antibacterial and pharmacological properties of four fluoroquinolones: lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin have been studied. The objective of this study was to analyze the antibacterial characteristics of the different fluoroquinolones. Also, the pharmacological properties of the compounds including the Lipinski rule of five, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, LD50, drug likeliness, and toxicity were evaluated. We found that among all four FQ molecules, ofloxacin showed the highest antibacterial activity through in silico assays with a strong interaction (‒38.52 kJ/mol) with the antibacterial target protein (topoisomerase-II DNA gyrase enzyme). The pharmacological and pharmacokinetic analysis also showed that the compounds ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, lomefloxacin and norfloxacin have good pharmacological properties. Notably, ofloxacin was found to possess an IGC50 (concentration needed to inhibit 50% growth) value of 0.286 μg/L against the Tetrahymena pyriformis protozoa. It also tested negative for the Ames toxicity test, showing its non-carcinogenic character.