Morphometric assessment of Gomati river basin, middle Ganga plain, Uttar Pradesh, North India

K. Prakash,S. Singh,T. Mohanty,K. Chaubey,C. K. Singh 대한공간정보학회 2017 Spatial Information Research Vol.25 No.3

The Gomati river is draining through the interfluves areas between Ganga and Ghaghra river, which is northern part of Indo-Gangetic foreland basin. The Gomati river basin passes through many stages of degradation and aggradations influenced by subsurface tectonic (neo) activities, base-level changes and climatic variability over time and space. The Gomati river basin covers an area of about 30,843 sq km in the middle Ganga plain. The quantitative approach of basin prioritization of the Gomati river and its four fifth-order sub-basin (SUB1–SUB4) was carried out by the morphometric parameters using LANDSAT and SRTM data. Drainage patterns are mainly in sub-dendritic to dendritic type which indicates that the Gomati river follows the natural gradient of the terrain. It is also observed that the low drainage density values of subbasins indicate that the basins have highly permeable subsoil and thick vegetative cover. The circularity ratio value reveals that the basin is strongly elongated. The asymmetric factor, transverse topography asymmetry and profile section analysis reflect the tilt and upliftment of Gomati basin, signifying the tectonic control on the Gomati basin especially towards the confluence part. This study would help to utilize the water resources and prioritization for sustainable development of the Gomati basin area.

Estimation of Genetic Parameters for First Lactation Monthly Test-day Milk Yields using Random Regression Test Day Model in Karan Fries Cattle

Singh, Ajay,Singh, Avtar,Singh, Manvendra,Prakash, Ved,Ambhore, G.S.,Sahoo, S.K.,Dash, Soumya Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.6

A single trait linear mixed random regression test-day model was applied for the first time for analyzing the first lactation monthly test-day milk yield records in Karan Fries cattle. The test-day milk yield data was modeled using a random regression model (RRM) considering different order of Legendre polynomial for the additive genetic effect (4th order) and the permanent environmental effect (5th order). Data pertaining to 1,583 lactation records spread over a period of 30 years were recorded and analyzed in the study. The variance component, heritability and genetic correlations among test-day milk yields were estimated using RRM. RRM heritability estimates of test-day milk yield varied from 0.11 to 0.22 in different test-day records. The estimates of genetic correlations between different test-day milk yields ranged 0.01 (test-day 1 [TD-1] and TD-11) to 0.99 (TD-4 and TD-5). The magnitudes of genetic correlations between test-day milk yields decreased as the interval between test-days increased and adjacent test-day had higher correlations. Additive genetic and permanent environment variances were higher for test-day milk yields at both ends of lactation. The residual variance was observed to be lower than the permanent environment variance for all the test-day milk yields.

Study of minerals and selected environmentally sensitive elements in Kapurdi lignites of Barmer Basin, Rajasthan, western India: implications to environment

Pramod K. Rajak,Vijay K. Singh,Asha L. Singh,Narendra Kumar,Om P. Kumar,Vishvajeet Singh,Aniruddha Kumar,Rai Ankita,Shweta Rai,Amiya S. Naik,Prakash K. Singh 한국지질과학협의회 2020 Geosciences Journal Vol.24 No.4

The present study is an attempt to know the temporal and spatial distribution of geochemical components in the lignite deposit of Kapurdi, Barmer Basin (Rajasthan). Lignite samples have been subjected to proximate, ultimate and elemental analyses, and determination of mineral carbon (MINC%). Besides, various minerals and functional groups have been analyzed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Selected environmentally sensitive and potential hazardous elements like Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Mn, Al, Fe and Co are determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). To know the association of minerals with organic matter, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) has also been carried out. The concentration of Co, Ni, Cd, Pb, Na, and K is high when compared with world average and is main concern for the environmental and health hazards. The elements like Fe, Ca, Mg, Zn, and Pb have shown increasing trend from top to bottom of the lignite seam with some fluctuations in the values in few bands whereas others do not follow a definite trend of variation along the seam profile.

Colour tunability in a bimodal fluorescent hybrid nanostructure UCNPs@AuNPs@QDs

Priyam Singh,P. Singh,R. Prakash,S.B. Rai,S.K. Singh 한국물리학회 2020 Current Applied Physics Vol.20 No.10

In the present work, lysine modified NaY0.78Er0.02Yb0.2F4 upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs, positively charged) and lysine modified ZnSe:Mn2+ quantum dots (QDs, positively charged) are attached onto the surface of citrate reduced gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, negatively charged). The gold nanoparticles not only entangle the QDs and the UCNPs, through electrostatic interaction, but also tune the optical properties of UCNPs through the effect of surface plasmon resonance. The hybrid nanostructure gives green emission both through photoluminescence (under UV excitation) and through photon upconversion (under IR light excitation) process. The colour tuning is observed through variation in the size of QDs and through plasmonic effect of gold nanoparticles. In both the cases, the colour of emission gradually changes from green to red. The colour tunability and bi-modal photon conversion property of this material could be useful for its application in the field of bio-imaging and solar energy harvesting.

Evaluation of Genetic Variation and Phylogenetic Relationship among North Indian Cattle Breeds

Sharma, Rekha,Pandey, A.K.,Singh, Y.,Prakash, B.,Mishra, B.P.,Kathiravan, P.,Singh, P.K.,Singh, G. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.1

In the present study, genetic analyses of diversity and differentiation were performed on four breeds of Indian zebu cattle (Bos indicus). In total, 181 animals belonging to Ponwar, Kherigarh, Gangatiri and Kenkatha breeds were genotyped for 20 cattle specific microsatellite markers. Mean number of alleles observed per locus (MNA) varied between 5.75 (Kenkatha) to 6.05 (Kherigarh). The observed and expected heterozygosity for the breeds varied from 0.48 (Gangatiri) to 0.58 (Kherigarh) and 0.65 (Kenkatha) to 0.70 (Kherigarh), respectively. $F_{IS}$ estimates of all the breeds indicated significant deficit of heterozygotes being 28.8%, 25.9%, 17.7% and 17.7% for Gangatiri, Ponwar, Kherigarh and Kenkatha, respectively. The $F_{ST}$ estimates demonstrated that 10.6% was the average genetic differentiation among the breeds. Nei's genetic distance DA and Cavalli- Sforza and Edwards Chord distance ($D_C$) and the phylogenetic tree constructed from these reflected the close genetic relationship of Gangatiri and Kenkatha, whereas Ponwar appears to be more distant.

Vibrations and thermal stability of functionally graded spherical caps

Prakash, T.,Singh, M.K.,Ganapathi, M. Techno-Press 2006 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.24 No.4

Here, the axisymmetric free flexural vibrations and thermal stability behaviors of functionally graded spherical caps are investigated employing a three-noded axisymmetric curved shell element based on field consistency approach. The formulation is based on first-order shear deformation theory and it includes the in-plane and rotary inertia effects. The material properties are graded in the thickness direction according to the power-law distribution in terms of volume fractions of the constituents of the material. The effective material properties are evaluated using homogenization method. A detailed numerical study is carried out to bring out the effects of shell geometries, power law index of functionally graded material and base radius-to-thickness on the vibrations and buckling characteristics of spherical shells.

Combinatory Cancer Therapeutics with Nanoceria-Capped Mesoporous Silica Nanocarriers through pH-triggered Drug Release and Redox Activity

Singh, Rajendra K.,Patel, Kapil D.,Mahapatra, Chinmaya,Parthiban, S. Prakash,Kim, Tae-Hyun,Kim, Hae-Won American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.1

<P>In the field of nanomedicine, drug-loaded nanocarriers that integrate nanotechnology and chemotherapeutics are widely used to achieve synergistic therapeutic effects. Here, we prepared mesoporous silica nanoparticles capped with cerium oxide nanoparticles (COP@MSN) wherein a pH trigger-responsive mechanism was used to control drug release and intracellular drug delivery. We blocked the mesopores of the carboxyl-functionalized MSN with aminated COP. These pores could be opened in acidic conditions to release the loaded drug, thus establishing a pH-responsive drug release system. We loaded doxorubicin (DOX) as anticancer biomolecule into the pores of MSN and capped with COP. The COP@DOX-MSN system showed a typical drug release profile in an acidic medium, which, however, was not observed in a neutral medium. In vitro studies using cancer cell line (HeLa) proved that the COP@DOX-MSN entered efficiently into HeLa cells and released DOX to the level sufficient for cytotoxicity. The cytotoxic effect of COP in cancer cells was facilitated by the pro-oxidant property of COPs, which considerably raised the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, thereby leading to cellular apoptosis. The combination of DOX with COP (COP@DOX-MSN) showed even higher ROS level, demonstrating a cytotoxic synergism of drug and nanoparticle in terms of ROS generation. Collectively, the COP@DOX-MSN is considered useful for cancer treatment with the combined capacity of pH-controlled drug delivery, chemotherapeutics, and redox activity.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Evaluation of Genetic Variability in Kenkatha Cattle by Microsatellite Markers

Pandey, A.K.,Sharma, Rekha,Singh, Yatender,Prakash, B.,Ahlawat, S.P.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.12

Kenkatha cattle, a draft purpose breed, which can survive in a harsh environment on low quality forage, was explored genetically exploiting FAO-suggested microsatellite markers. The microsatellite genotypes were derived by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by electrophoretic separation in agarose gels. The PCR amplicons were visualized by silver staining. The allelic as well as genotypic frequencies, heterozygosities and gene diversity were estimated using standard techniques. A total of 125 alleles was distinguished by the 21 microsatellite markers investigated. All the microsatellites were highly polymorphic with mean allelic number of 5.95${\pm}$1.9 (ranging from 3-10 per locus). The observed heterozygosity in the population ranged between 0.250 and 0.826 with a mean of 0.540${\pm}$0.171, signifying considerable genetic variation. Bottleneck was examined assuming all three mutation models which showed that the population has not experienced bottleneck in recent past. The population displayed a heterozygote deficit of 21.4%. The study suggests that the breed needs to be conserved by providing purebred animals in the breeding tract.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Quinol and Blue FFS Acid Using TiO<SUB>2</SUB> and Doped TiO<SUB>2</SUB>

E. Padmini.,Singh K. Prakash,Lima Rose Miranda 한국탄소학회 2010 Carbon Letters Vol.11 No.4

The photodegradation of the model compounds Quinol, an aromatic organic compound and Acid blue FFS, an acid dye of chemical class Triphenylmethane was studied by using illumination with UV lamp of light intensity 250W. TiO2 and TiO2 doped with Boron and Nitrogen was used as catalyst. The sol-gel method was followed with titanium isopropoxide as precursor and doping was done using Boron and Nitrogen. In photocatalytic degradation, TiO2 and doped TiO2 dosage, UV illumination time and initial concentration of the compounds were changed and examined in order to determine the optimal experimental conditions. Operational time was optimized for 360 min. The optimum dosage of TiO2 and BN doped TiO2 was obtained to be 2 mgL-1 and 2.5 mgL-1 respectively. Maximum degradation % for quinol and Blue FFS acid dye was 78 and 95 respectively, at the optimum dosage of BN-doped TiO2 catalyst. It was 10 and 4% higher than when undoped TiO2 catalyst was used.

Multiferroic properties of composites of PLZT and substituted CoFe2O4

Dipti,Parveen Kumar,J. K. Juneja,Sangeeta Singh,K.K. Raina,Chandra Prakash 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2015 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.16 No.4

The magnetoelectric composite with composition xCo0.8Ni0.2Fe2O4 + (1-x) Pb0.9925La0.005Zr0.55Ti0.45O3, x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 1.00 were prepared by solid state reaction method. The structural, microstructural, dielectric, ferroelectric and magnetic properties were studied. The X-ray diffraction and Reitveld refinement of samples confirm the formation of mixed phases of tetragonal and cubic spinel structure in composite. The microstructure of composites shows the coexistence both types of grains corresponding to their phases. Frequency dependent dielectric studies at room temperature depict the decrease in dielectric constant (ε) and increase in tangent loss (tanδ) in composites with increase in ferrite content. P-E Hysteresis loop and M-H hysteresis loop confirms the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic nature of composites. Existence of P-E (ferroelectric) and MH (magnetic) at room temperature confirms the multiferroicity in the composites.