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LOWER EXTREMITY INJURY OF VIETNAMESE PEDESTRIAN IN CRASH BY A SEDAN USING NUMERICAL SIMULATION
Phu Thuong Luu Nguyen,Hung Anh Ly,Thien Phu Nguyen 한국자동차공학회 2023 International journal of automotive technology Vol.24 No.1
Pedestrians are among the most vulnerable road users, who often suffer serious injuries in road collisions. Therefore, evaluating the injury of a pedestrian is absolutely necessary. This paper aims to evaluate the lower extremity injuries for Vietnamese people by numerical simulation using a Human Body Model (HBM) – Total Human Model for Safety (THUMS). Considering that the HBM has the anthropometrical and biomechanical properties of the North American and European bodies, it is required to scale it down to represent Vietnamese anthropometry. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop a scaling algorithm to scale the published lower extremity injury criteria to properly assess the injury risk of a Vietnamese. After a Vietnamese-sized HBM is obtained from the scaling procedure, its posture is adjusted to represent a walking pedestrian. A sedan is employed for simulating the pedestrian collision with the impact velocity ranging from 20 to 50 km/h. The car models are simplified to reduce computational time. The findings illustrate that the bending moment and resultant force of femur and tibia increase with respect to the impact velocity. The knee ligaments have been injured at high risk.
Removal of Manganese and Copper from Aqueous Solution by Yeast Papiliotrema huenov
( Phu Nguyen Van ),( Hai Thi Hong Truong ),( Tuan Anh Pham ),( Tuan Le Cong ),( Tien Le ),( Kim Cuc Thi Nguyen ) 한국균학회 2021 Mycobiology Vol.49 No.5
Papiliotrema huenov was previously reported to be highly tolerant of a range of extremely toxic heavy metals. This study aimed to identify the potential of P. huenov to remove manganese and copper from aqueous solution. Physical conditions which affect removal of Mn(II) and Cu(II) were determined. Optimal temperature for adsorption of both metal ions was 30 ℃, and optimal pH for maximum uptake of Mn(II) and Cu(II) were 5 and 6, respectively. Under these conditions, living cells of P. huenov accumulated up to 75.58% of 110mg/ L Mn(II) and 70.5% of 128mg/L Cu(II) over 120 h, whereas, the removal efficiency of metal ions by dead cells over 1 h was 60.3% and 56.5%, respectively. These results indicate that living cells are more effective than dead biomass for bioremediation, but that greater time is required. The experimental data extends the potential use of P. huenov in biosorption and bioaccumulation of toxic heavy metals to copper and manganese, two of the most common industrial contaminants.
Phu-Cuong Nguyen,김승억 국제구조공학회 2016 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.21 No.5
This paper presents a displacement-based finite element procedure for second-order distributed plasticity analysis of planar steel frames with semi-rigid beam-to-column connections under static loadings. A partially strain-hardening elastic-plastic beam-column element, which directly takes into account geometric nonlinearity, gradual yielding of material, and flexibility of semi-rigid connections, is proposed. The second-order effects and distributed plasticity are considered by dividing the member into several sub-elements and meshing the cross-section into several fibers. A new nonlinear solution procedure based on the combination of the Newton-Raphson equilibrium iterative algorithm and the constant work method for adjusting the incremental load factor is proposed for solving nonlinear equilibrium equations. The nonlinear inelastic behavior predicted by the proposed program compares well with previous studies. Coupling effects of three primary sources of nonlinearity, geometric imperfections, and residual stress are investigated and discussed in this paper.
Seismic Fragility Assessment for A Newly Developed Buried Arch Bridge
Phu Van Dang,허정원,안진희,Achintya Haldar,곽기석 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.11
This study aims to assess the seismic response of a newly developed buried arch bridge system. The proposed buried arch bridge system is comprised of precast concrete panels, external steel outriggers, and steel V-strips to solve the limitation encountered in the storage, transportation, and construction of traditional buried arch structures. The three-dimensional finite element analysis of this arch system is conducted under dynamic analysis emphasizing the frequency content of earthquakes. Then, the fragility curves are suggested for this arch system based on two damage states defined via incremental dynamic analysis. The results show that this proposed arch system is significantly affected under a high frequency content earthquake compared to the low and intermediate ones. Additionally, the arch system deflects the most at the mid-high position rather than at the arch crown. The deflection at the arch crown or at the mid-high position can be used for establishing the fragility curves as they both connect with the failure mechanism of the arch structure.
Enzymatic synthesis of pure maltodextrins and their novel derivatives
Phu Cuong Nguyen,My Tuyen Thi Nguyen,Chang-Kyu Lee,Wang-Hee Lee,Il-Nam Oh,Jae-Han Kim,Soon-Taek Hong,Jong-Tae Park 한국당과학회 2022 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.07
Maltodextrin in specific length is of great interest because of its wide industrial applications. Previously, we have proven that Pyrococcus furiosus thermostable amylase (PFTA) produces high purity maltoheptaose (G7) from β-cyclodextrin (CD) at early reaction time. However, the production of pure G7 is a cost and time-consuming process. Therefore, this work has designed an optimal continuous process for pure G7 production from β-CD using PFTA with immobilization in a packed-bed reactor (PBR). The optimal conditions determined using the response surface method for the maximized G7-purity of 96.3% were predicted at 4.7 ml/min of flow rate, 1.1% substrate, and 48.7 °C. As a result, the immobilized PFTA in PBR retained 85% of the initial activity after six cycles of 24 h intervals, and the product purity was unchanged. Also, maltohexaose (G6) and maltooctaose (G8) at high purity (92-97%) were produced by continuously supplying CDs to the PFTA-PBR under the same optimized condition of G7. In addition, a new method based on preparative reversed-phase liquid chromatography was developed to purify maltodextrins in specific lengths (DP 3-26) with high purity from the reaction mixture of G6-G8 substrates with Thermotoga maritima maltosyltransferase. On the other hand, novel G7-based sugar esters were also synthesized and investigated for emulsifying properties. As a result, G7-fatty acids (C10–C16) esters were produced with a high conversion yield (90-95%) under the optimal conditions (10% of DMSO, 0.2 of G7/ fatty acids molar ratio, 33.5 U of immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B) for 24 h of incubation at 60 °C. Notable, G7-palmitate (PA) exhibited emulsifying properties better than commercial sucrose-PA ester, especially in acidic conditions. It is feasible that the number of the hydroxyl groups and the size of G7 moiety provide that distinctive property of G7-PA. Therefore, applications of G7-PA in foods, cosmetics, and drug delivery under extreme pH conditions are promising.
Phu Ho Van Quang,Thanh Tien Ha,Jong-Wook Lee Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2015 IEEE transactions on industrial electronics Vol. No.
<P>We present a fully integrated multimode lithium-ion battery charger integrated circuit (IC) for wireless power charging applications. The proposed charger IC integrates an analog block for battery charging, a digital control block, an analog-to-digital converter, and memory on a single chip. To improve the charging efficiency, the supply voltage of the charger IC is controlled by an adaptive low-dropout (LDO) regulator. A series-voltage feedback path is formed along the LDO regulator and multimode level shifter, which regulates the supply voltage to closely follow the battery voltage. For a smooth transition during multimode charging, we propose a new approach for built-in resistance compensation. The digital control block of the charger IC is designed in accordance with the Qi standard. The battery charger IC is fabricated in a one-poly six-metal 0.18-μm CMOS process. Integrated with the digital control block and memory, the core area of the multimode charger IC is 0.9 × 1.4 mm<SUP>2</SUP>. The input voltage ranges from 4.8 to 5 V. The output voltage is 4.2 V in constant-voltage mode. The charging current in constant-current mode is 450 mA. The maximum and average charging efficiencies are 83% and 79%, respectively.</P>
Phu Tran Tin,Tran Trung Duy 한국통신학회 2019 ICT Express Vol.5 No.1
In this letter, we propose two power allocation strategies, named Optimal Power Allocation (OPA) and Equal Intercept Probability (EIP), for dual-hop cooperative decode-and-forward (DF) relaying networks under constraint of intercept probability (IP). Particularly, with knowledge of channel statistics of the eavesdropping links, the transmitters such as source and relays adjust their transmit power to control the value of IP by a desired level. A max–min relay selection method is applied to enhance the e2e outage probability (OP). We derive expressions of transmit power for the source and the selected relay. Then, Monte Carlo simulations were performed to verify analytical results.