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Development of Virtual Production Camera Control System based on Arduino
LI PENGHUI,김기홍,이준석,후정동,Zhang Gaohe 사단법인 한국융합기술연구학회 2023 아시아태평양융합연구교류논문지 Vol.9 No.2
Virtual production technology is becoming more mature and is widely used in the production of video content such as movies, drama series, and advertisements. In the two solutions of virtual production (Live LED Wall Cinematography and Live Compositing), the virtual camera and the real camera are required to be identical, that is, after the synchronization of the intrinsic hardware parameters of the real camera and the virtual camera, the exposure parameters of the real camera are changed during shooting, the corresponding parameters of the virtual camera must also be changed to ensure the consistency of the picture. At present, most virtual production studios use camera control systems that are transformed from broadcast camera consoles usually require cumbersome accessories and high prices. During the actual production process, a camera control system using the Arduino development board is found, which inherits the characteristics of easy-to-operate and strong adaptability of the Arduino development board. The serial digital interface camera control protocol provided by Blackmagic Design (BMD SDI CCP), allows the virtual camera (CineCamera) in the virtual production engine Unreal Engine 5 (UE5) and the real camera to communicate in real-time through the use of serial communication. This paper uses literature analysis to explore the necessity and functional requirements of virtual production camera control systems and the feasibility of the virtual production camera system proposed in this study through analysis of academic journals, industry white papers, professional practitioners, and organization presentations. Descript the hardware requirement and design code for the camera control system, verify the feasibility of the system through empirical research, and provide a camera control system that can be customized for individuals or teams who want to make video content through virtual production.
In-camera VFX implementation study using short-throw projector (focused on low-cost solution)
LI PENGHUI,김기홍,이준석 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2022 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.14 No.2
As an important part of virtual production, In-camera VFX is the process of shooting actual objects and virtual three-dimensional backgrounds in real-time through computer graphics technology and display technology, and obtaining the final film. In the In-camera VFX process, there are currently only two types of medium used to undertake background imaging, LED wall and chroma key screen. Among them, the In-camera VFX based on LED wall realizes background imaging through LED display technology. Although the imaging quality is guaranteed, the high cost of LED wall increases the cost of virtual production. The In-camera VFX based on chroma key screen, the background imaging is realized by real-time keying technology. Although the price is low, due to the limitation of real-time keying technology and lighting conditions, the usability of the final picture is not high. The short-throw projection technology can compress the projection distance to within 1 meter and get a relatively large picture, which solves the problem of traditional projection technology that must leaving a certain space between screen and the projector, and its price is relatively cheap compared to the LED wall. Therefore, in the In-camera VFX process, short-throw projection technology can be tried to project backgrounds. This paper will analyze the principle of short-throw projection technology and the existing In-camera VFX solutions, and through the comparison experiments, propose a low-cost solution that uses short-throw projectors to project virtual backgrounds and realize the In-camera VFX process.
Li, Penghui,Lee, Sang Hee,Lee, Soo Hyung,Lee, Jun-Bae,Lee, Yun Kyung,Shin, Hyun-Sang,Hur, Jin Springer-Verlag 2016 Environmental Science and Pollution Research Vol.23 No.24
<P>Many drinking water supplies are located in forested watersheds, which operate as an important source of dissolved organic matter (DOM). In this study, monthly sampling campaigns were conducted from a reservoir (Daecheong Reservoir, South Korea) and its forested tributaries for five consecutive months (June to October) to examine the variations of DOM composition. Excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy combined with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) was applied to track the variations of different fluorescent components within bulk DOM. Selected samples were further separated into hydrophobic (Ho) and hydrophilic (Hi) fractions. Water quality and DOM composition varied greatly with the sampling locations including the upstream and the downstream tributary sites, and the reservoir. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) provided the information on the DOM sources and the potential processes leading to the observed DOM changes. Four of the five fluorescent components, identified by EEM-PARAFAC, were well correlated with the flow rates of the tributaries, suggesting hydrological control on DOM composition. The greatest effects were found on two terrestrial humic-like components (C1 and C2). The Ho fraction of DOM was more abundant for the post-storm samples versus the non-storm samples, supporting the important roles of hydrology on the changes in chemical composition of DOM. The amounts of the DOM resin fractions, either Ho or Hi, showed strong relationships with C1 and C2, suggesting that DOM fluorescence could be successfully applied to estimate different DOM chemical constituents in forested watersheds.</P>
Xueguang Li,Chongqing Li,Penghui Li,Huizhong Hu,Xiansheng Sui 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.22 No.2
The crossbeam plays a vital role in computer numerical controlled milling machines, especially in machines with a gantry structure, as it directly influences the machining precision. In this study, a machine tool crossbeam was designed, and the modal frequency of the crossbeam was analyzed using the finite element model (FEM) analysis. In the improved structure obtained through FEM analysis, the X-type structure of the internal unit of the crossbeam was replaced by an O-type structure. The specific structure dimensions were further optimized using a neural-network algorithm and a nondominated sorting genetic algorithm. Finally, we calculated the effect of each crossbeam dimension on the mass, deformation, and frequency in a sensitivity analysis. After optimizing the crossbeam dimensions with respect to deformation, modal frequency, and mass, the structural characteristics of the original and optimized crossbeams were compared. After optimization, the mass and deformation were reduced by 7.45% and 3.08%, respectively, and the modal frequency was increased by 0.42%. These results confirm that the optimization improved the performance of the crossbeam structure.