Measurement and Analysis of Statistical IC Operation Errors in a Memory Module Due to System-Level ESD Noise

Park, Myungjoon,Park, Junsik,Choi, Joungcheul,Kim, Jinwoo,Jeong, Seonghoon,Seung, Manho,Lee, Seokkiu,Kim, Jingook [Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2019 IEEE transactions on electromagnetic compatibility Vol.61 No.1

<P>Voltage noise and operation errors in an integrated circuit (IC) due to electrostatic discharge (ESD) events were measured, validated, and analyzed in this paper. A simplified structure of a laptop personal computer and an IC with a D-type flip-flop were designed and manufactured for the experimental tests. Every signal input to the IC was simultaneously measured during the ESD tests, and validated with the simulated results using a full-wave solver and a simple circuit model. Next, SPICE simulations were conducted using the measured voltages with ESD tests. The output waveforms and the statistical occurrence ratios of the operation failures found from the SPICE simulations were compared with measured values. Furthermore, the effects of decoupling capacitors on the IC operation failures due to ESD were investigated.</P>

Vibrational Relaxation of Cyanate or Thiocyanate Bound to Ferric Heme Proteins Studied by Femtosecond Infrared Spectroscopy

Park, Seongchul,Park, Jaeheung,Lin, Han-Wei,Lim, Manho Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.3

Femtosecond vibrational spectroscopy was used to measure the vibrational population relaxation time ($T_1$) of different anions bound to ferric myoglobin ($Mb^{III}$) and hemoglobin ($Hb_{III}$) in $D_2O$ at 293 K. The $T_1$ values of the anti-symmetric stretching (${\nu}_1$) mode of NCS in the $NCS^-$ bound to $Mb^{III}$ ($Mb^{III}$NCS) and $Hb_{III}$ ($Hb_{III}$NCS) in $D_2O$ are $7.2{\pm}0.2$ and $6.6{\pm}0.2$ ps, respectively, which are smaller than that of free NCS. in $D_2O$ (18.3 ps). The $T_1$ values of the ${\nu}_1$ mode of NCO in the $NCO^-$ bound to $Mb^{III}$ ($Mb^{III}$NCO) and $Hb_{III}$ ($Hb_{III}$NCO) in $D_2O$ are $2.4{\pm}0.2$ and $2.6{\pm}0.2$ ps, respectively, which are larger than that of free $NCO^-$ in $D_2O$ ($1.9{\pm}0.2$ ps). The smaller $T_1$ values of the ${\nu}_1$ mode of the heme-bound NCS suggest that intramolecular vibrational relaxation (VR) is the dominant relaxation pathway for the excess vibrational energy. On the other hand, the longer $T_1$ values of the ${\nu}_1$ mode of the heme-bound NCO suggest that intermolecular VR is the dominant relaxation pathway for the excess vibrational energy in the ${\nu}_1$ mode of $NCO^-$ in $D_2O$, and that intramolecular VR becomes more important in the vibrational energy dissipation of the ${\nu}_1$ mode of NCO in $Mb^{III}$NCO and $Hb_{III}$NCO.

Photoexcitation Dynamics of NO-Bound Ferric Myoglobin Investigated by Femtosecond Vibrational Spectroscopy

Park, Jaeheung,Lee, Taegon,Park, Jaehun,Lim, Manho American Chemical Society 2013 The journal of physical chemistry. B, Condensed ma Vol.117 No.10

<P>Femtosecond vibrational spectroscopy was used to investigate the photoexcitation dynamics of NO-bound ferric myoglobin (Mb<SUP>III</SUP>NO) in D<SUB>2</SUB>O solution at 294 K after excitation with a 575 nm pulse. The stretching mode of NO in Mb<SUP>III</SUP>NO consists of a major band at 1922 cm<SUP>–1</SUP> (97.7%) and a minor band at 1902 cm<SUP>–1</SUP> (2.3%), suggesting that Mb<SUP>III</SUP>NO in room temperature solution has two conformational substates. The time-resolved spectra show small but significant new absorption features at the lower-energy side of the main band (1920–1800 cm<SUP>–1</SUP>). One new absorption feature in the region of 1920–1880 cm<SUP>–1</SUP> exhibits the <SUP>15</SUP>NO isotope shift (37 cm<SUP>–1</SUP>) the same as that of the NO band in the ground electronic state of Mb<SUP>III</SUP>NO. This absorption shifts toward higher energy and narrows with a time constant of 2.4 ps, indicating that it evolves with rapid electronic and thermal relaxation of the photoexcited Mb<SUP>III</SUP>NO without photodeligation of the NO from the heme. Absorption features assigned to proteins undergoing thermal relaxation without NO deligation add up to 14 ± 1% of the total bleach, implying that the photolysis quantum yield of Mb<SUP>III</SUP>NO with a Q-band excitation is ≤0.86 ± 0.01. The remaining absorption bands peaked near 1867, 1845, and 1815 cm<SUP>–1</SUP>, each showing the <SUP>15</SUP>NO isotope shift the same as that of the free NO radical (33 cm<SUP>–1</SUP>), were assigned to the vibrational band of the photodeligated NO, the NO band of Mb<SUP>III</SUP>NO in an intermediate electronic state with low-spin Fe(III)–NO(radical) character (denoted as the R state), and the NO band of the vibrationally excited NO in the R state, respectively. A kinetics model successfully reproducing the time-dependent intensity changes of the transient bands suggests that every rebound NO forms the R state that eventually relaxes into the ground electronic state nonexponentially. Most of the photodissociated NO undergoes fast geminate recombination (GR), and the rebinding kinetics depends on the conformation of the protein. GR of NO to Mb<SUP>III</SUP> in the major conformation shows highly nonexponential kinetics described by a stretched exponential function, exp(−(<I>t</I>/290 ps)<SUP>0.44</SUP>. The NO rebinding to Mb<SUP>III</SUP> in the minor conformation is exponential, exp(−<I>t</I>/1.8 ns), suggesting that the distal histidine, the interaction of which dictates the conformation of Mb<SUP>III</SUP>NO, participates in mediating the binding of NO to Mb<SUP>III</SUP>. In Mb<SUP>III</SUP>NO, the elusive low-spin Fe(III)–NO(radical) state, proposed in electronic structure calculations, indeed exists at >12 kJ/mol above the ground state and takes part in the bond formation of Fe(III)–NO, suggesting that it plays a significant role in the function of NO-bound ferric protein. Time-resolved vibrational spectra with high sensitivity reveal rich photophysical and photochemical processes of photoexcited Mb<SUP>III</SUP>NO.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpcbfk/2013/jpcbfk.2013.117.issue-10/jp400055d/production/images/medium/jp-2013-00055d_0013.gif'></P>

Cluster-like Headache Secondary to Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

Park, Kyung-Il,Chu, Kon,Park, Jong-Moo,Kim, Manho 대한신경과학회 2006 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.2 No.1

<P>Cluster headache (CH) is considered a primary headache syndrome. However, symptomatic cases that resemble CH have also been reported. A patient with cerebral venous thrombosis presented with ipsilateral frontal pain accompanied by ophthalmoparesis, nasal congestion, and lacrimation. The patient's headache showed a dramatic response to oxygen. He experienced no further cluster-like headaches after treatment with an anticoagulant. This case suggests the possible role of venous stasis of the cavernous sinus in cluster-like headache.</P>

동적 RIS 기반 통신서비스를 위한 제어기법 연구

박만호(Manho Park),정희상(Heesang Chung) 한국통신학회 2023 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.6

다우얼 바의 저진동 슬래브 궤도 시스템 적용 가능성

박성재(Park Sungjae),김용재(Kim Yongjae),박명균(Park Myounggyun),전종수(Jeon Jongsu),이두화(Lee Duhwa),박만호(Park Manho) 한국철도학회 2009 한국철도학회 세미나자료 Vol.2009 No.5

본 연구의 선행기술조사결과 플로팅궤도 슬래브에는 dowel bar 등의 별도의 슬래브 연결부 보강이 없었다. 본 연구모델에 비해 선행기술조사 대상 슬래브의 연장이 매우 짧으며, 긴 지간의 슬래브에 연결부에 대한 보강이 없다면 단부에서의 단차에 의해 슬래브의 파괴가 예상된다. 따라서 dowel bar 등의 추가적인 보강이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 dowel bar의 일반적인 특성과 국내외 dowel bar에 대한 선행기술에 대하여 조사함으로써, 추후 수행될 해석연구의 자료를 확보하고자 하여 그 적용가능성을 검토하고자 하였다. From the result of preceding study, there is no reinforcement such as dowel bar or etc. in joint system of floating slab. Length of floating slab in preceding study is short than one of this study. If there is no reinforcement in the joint of long slab span, fracture of slab is predicted by difference between two slabs. Therefore using of dowel bar is demanded. In this study, General characteristic and preceding technology of dowel bar is researched for data of analysis study. And it is considered application of dowel bar in floating slab system.

Metal Foam DPF의 특성

박만호(Manho Park),이정민(Jeongmin Lee),이의성(Euisung Lee),홍승현(Seunghyun Hong),오권오(Kwonoh Oh),김기호(Kiho Kim),김재권(Jaekwon Kim),송호영(Hoyoung Song) 한국자동차공학회 2009 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2009 No.11

In this study, passive type Metal Foam partial DPF characteristics was investigated. 70% target efficiency filter designed by Metal Foam Filter design program, was installed on D6DB(6.6L) engine exhaust line and PM removal efficiency & gas conversion rate by ND-13 mode was evaluated. The Filter has around 70% PM removal efficiency on whole soot loading level. When 7g/L soot loaded on the filter, the differential pressure is 280mbar on ND-13mode 10step air flow. But repeated ND-13mode test, there is no pressure drop gain.

Expression of Cu/Zn SOD Protein Is Suppressed in hsp 70.1 Knockout Mice

Choi, Smi,Park, Kyung Ae,Lee, Hee Joo,Park, Myoung Sook,Lee, Joung Hee,Park, Kyoung Chan,Kim, Manho,Lee, Seung-Hoon,Seo, Jeong-Sun,Yoon, Byung-Woo 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2005 BMB Reports Vol.38 No.1

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are known to protect cells from oxidative stress and other types of injuries. We previously reported the neuroprotective effect of HSP70 following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion using hsp 70.1 knockout (KO) mice. However, the precise role of HSP70 in neuroprotection has not been established yet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between HSP70 and antioxidant enzymes using hsp 70.1 KO mice. The activities of both SOD-1 and SOD-2 were significantly decreased in hsp 70.1 KO mice than in the wild type (WT) littermates. SOD-1 protein level in the hsp 70.1 KO mice was lower than that of WT. We speculate that HSP70 might be involved in regulation of expression of SOD-1 at the level of transcription or by post-transcriptional modification.

Geminate rebinding dynamics of nitric oxide to ferric hemoglobin in D2O solution.

Park, Jaeheung,Lee, Taegon,Lim, Manho Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 PHOTOCHEMICAL AND PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Vol.12 No.6

<P>Femtosecond mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectroscopy was used to probe geminate rebinding (GR) dynamics of photo-released nitric oxide (NO) to ferric hemoglobin (Hb(III)) in D2O solution at room temperature. Time-resolved vibrational spectra exhibit two overlapping NO bands for NO-bound Hb(III) (Hb(III)NO), a major band at 1925 cm(-1) (89%) and a minor one at 1905 cm(-1) (11%), suggesting that Hb(III)NO has at least two conformational substates. Both bands decay nonexponentially, each with a different time scale, and the decays are described by a stretched exponential function; the major band's decay is described by 0.96 exp(-t/40 ps)(0.86) + 0.04 and the minor band's decay is described by exp(-t/85 ps)(0.75). These decays arise mainly from the GR of the photo-released NO to Hb(III), indicating that the bound state's conformer influences the NO binding. In particular, the His64 residue, known to have inward conformation in the major band and outward conformation in the minor band, plays a significant role in controlling the binding of NO to Hb(III). The GR of NO to ferric Hb is slower than that to ferrous Hb, which shows fast and efficient GR due to the high reactivity of NO to the heme Fe(ii). The slower GR of NO to Hb(III) may be caused by the lower reactivity of NO to the heme Fe(iii).</P>

iNKT Cell Activation Exacerbates the Development of Huntington's Disease in R6/2 Transgenic Mice

Park, Hyun Jung,Lee, Sung Won,Im, Wooseok,Kim, Manho,Van Kaer, Luc,Hong, Seokmann Hindawi 2019 MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION Vol.2019 No.-

<P>Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder which is caused by a mutation of the huntingtin (HTT) gene. Although the pathogenesis of HD has been associated with inflammatory responses, if and how the immune system contributes to the onset of HD is largely unknown. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a group of innate-like regulatory T lymphocytes that can rapidly produce various cytokines such as IFN<I>γ</I> and IL4 upon stimulation with the glycolipid <I>α</I>-galactosylceramide (<I>α</I>-GalCer). By employing both R6/2 Tg mice (murine HD model) and J<I>α</I>18 KO mice (deficient in iNKT cells), we investigated whether alterations of iNKT cells affect the development of HD in R6/2 Tg mice. We found that J<I>α</I>18 KO R6/2 Tg mice showed disease progression comparable to R6/2 Tg mice, indicating that the absence of iNKT cells did not have any significant effects on HD development. However, repeated activation of iNKT cells with <I>α</I>-GalCer facilitated HD progression in R6/2 Tg mice, and this was associated with increased infiltration of iNKT cells in the brain. Taken together, our results demonstrate that repeated <I>α</I>-GalCer treatment of R6/2 Tg mice accelerates HD progression, suggesting that immune activation can affect the severity of HD pathogenesis.</P>