Multiple Myeloma: a Retrospective Analysis of 61 Patients from a Tertiary Care Center

Sultan, Sadia,Irfan, Syed Mohammed,Parveen, Saira,Ali, Hamza,Basharat, Maria Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.4

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is an acquired clonal B-cell malignancy which primarily affects elderly individuals with an annual incidence of approximately 1% of all malignancies. Our aim is to study demographic and clinicopathological features of adult Pakistani MM patients at presentation. Materials and Methods: This single centre retrospective study extended from January 2010 to December 2014. Data were retrieved from the patients' maintained records on predetermined performa. Results: Overall, 61 patients were diagnosed at our institution with MM during the study period. There were 43 males and 18 females. Age ranged between 34 and 81 years with a mean of $56.1{\pm}12.8$ and a median of 57 years. The male to female ratio was ~2:1. Common presenting complaints included fatigue (81.9%), backache (80.3%) and bone pain (67.2%). Physical findings revealed pallor (44.2%) as a presenting clinical feature. The mean hemoglobin value was $8.9{\pm}1.7g/dl$ with a mean MCV of $85.3{\pm}11.0fl$. Severe anemia with hemoglobin <8.5 gm/dl was seen in 40.9%. The mean total leukocyte count was $8.9{\pm}8.2{\times}10^9/l$, the ANC was $5.0{\pm}3.1{\times}10^9/l$ and the mean platelet count was $188.4{\pm}150.6{\times}10^9/l$. Conclusions: MM in Pakistani patients is seen in a relatively young population with male preponderance. The majority of patients present with symptomatic anemia and backache to seek medical attention. However, clinico-pathological features appear comparable to the published literature.

Clinico-Hematological Findings for Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma: an Institutional Experience

Sultan, Sadia,Irfan, Syed Mohammed,Parveen, Saira,Ali, Saif Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.8

Background: Classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) is a B-cell lymphoid neoplasm characterized by a distinctive biological behavior with potentially curable disease characteristics. It is an uncommon hematological malignancy which primarily affects younger individuals. The rationale of this study was to determine its clinico-hematological profile along with stage stratification in Pakistani patients. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, adult patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma were enrolled from January 2010 to December 2014. Results: Sixty two histopathologically confirmed cases of cHL were identified. There were 42 males and 20 females, with a male to female ratio of 2: 1. The mean age was $29.7{\pm}13.8$ years with the median age of 30 years. B symptoms were present in 72.5% of patients. Histopathologically, the mixed cellularity type constituted 62.9% of cases, followed by nodular sclerosis in 25.8%, lymphocyte predominant in 9.6% and lymphocyte depleted in 1.6%. Stages I and II were present in 43.5% of patients at disease presentation, with 56.4% in stages III and IV. Conclusions: Our analysis shows that clinico-pathological features of Hodgkin's lymphoma in Pakistan are comparable to published data. Mixed cellularity is the commonest histological variant and advanced stage at presentation are common findings in our patients.

Clinico-Hematological Profile and Risk Stratification in Patients with Essential Thrombocythemia: Experience from Pakistan

Sultan, Sadia,Irfan, Syed Mohammed,Tanveer, Quratulain,Ali, Navaira Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.17

Background: Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by sustained thrombocytosis and megakaryocytic hyperplasia. It is an uncommon hematological malignancy which primarily affects elderly individuals. The rational of this study was to determine its clinico-hematological profile along with risk stratification in Pakistan patients. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cross sectional study, 21 patients with ET were enrolled from January 2011 to December 2014. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 21. Results: The mean age was $56.7{\pm}19.0years$ (range 18-87) and the male to female ratio was 1:1.1. Of the total, 62% of patients were above 50 years of age. Overall 61.9% were diagnosed incidentally and were asymptomatic. In symptomatic patients, major complaints were weakness (19%); erythromelalgia (14.2%), transit ischemic attack (9.5%) and gastrointestinal bleed (4.7%). The mean hemoglobin count was $11.7{\pm}2.4g/dl$ with a total leukocyte count of $13.3{\pm}8.1{\times}10^9/l$ and platelets count of $1188.8{\pm}522.2{\times}10^9/l$. Serum lactate dehydrogenase, serum creatinine and uric acid were $454.3{\pm}127.8$, $1.2{\pm}0.5$ and $7.4{\pm}3.4$ respectively. According to risk stratification, 57.1% were in high risk; 23.8% in intermediate risk while 19.1% in low risk group. Conclusions: ET in our patients in Pakistan, unlike in the West, is seen in a relatively young population. Primarily patients were asymptomatic and risk stratification revealed predominance of high risk disease in our setting.

Effects of Photobiomodulation Therapy on Glycemic and Lipid Profiles In Vitro

Abdulrahim R. Hakami,Sultan Alasmari,Mohammed Makkawi,Adel Abo Mansour,Irfan Ahmad,Mesfer Al Shahrani,Ali Alkhathami,Ayed A. Dera,Jaya Shanker Tedla,Saleh Almane,Abdulaziz Abudahish,Jawaher AbuHadhyah 대한의학레이저학회 2020 MEDICAL LASERS Vol.9 No.2

Background and Objectives This study aimed at examining the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and low- and high-density lipoprotein (LDL and HDL, respectively) levels in vitro. Materials and Methods A total of 38 serum samples collected in plain (n=10) and heparinized tubes (n=28) were subjected to PBMT at 60 Joules (J)/cm2 for 2 min at 810 nm. The glucose and lipid profiles, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL of each sample was measured before and after PBMT. Results A statistically significant increase in glucose levels was observed in the PBMT-sera in 8 out of 10 samples in plain tubes. However, only two samples that were prepared in heparinized tubes showed an increase in glucose levels. The remaining heparinized samples that were exposed to PBMT presented lower glucose values. The treated sera exhibited a fluctuation in the lipid profiles after PBMT. However, high cholesterol levels were evident following PBMT. Similar trends with HDL and LDL in heparinized tubes were evident. Conclusion Together, the findings suggest that photobiomodulation exhibits an effect on glycemic and lipid profiles in vitro. Hence, the use of low-level laser therapy could have therapeutic potential. However, the differences between individual responses appear to indicate that the impact of PBMT may not always be beneficial.

Profile of Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors Among Employees at a Saudi University

Amin, Tarek Tawfik,Al Sultan, Ali Ibrahim,Mostafa, Ola Abdelmoniem,Darwish, Amr Ahmed,Al-Naboli, Mohamed Rashad Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18

Background: There is paucity of studies defining the prevalence of non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors in Saudi Arabia despite the surging epidemic of obesity, change in dietary habits and sedentary lifestyle. Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of NCDs risk factors among employees at King Faisal University in Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia and to determine the possible correlates for clustering of NCDs risk factors among them. Materials and Methods: All employees were invited to participate; the World Health Organization STEPwise approach was used for data collection which consisted of a personal interview to collect socio-demographic characteristics, NCD history, tobacco use, vegetables and fruit consumption, and physical activity (PA), followed by anthropometric measurements namely weight, height and waist circumference and blood pressure measurements, subjects were finally subjected to biochemical tests with determination of fasting plasma glucose, serum triglycerides, cholesterol and high density lipoproteins. Results: Of the surveyed employees (n=691), daily current smokers accounted for 22.7%. 94.9%, 95.1% and 86% consumed < 5 servings per day of vegetables, fruits and both fruits and vegetables respectively, 73% were physically inactive, 64% were overweight or obese, 22.1% had hypertension, and 21.5% were diabetics. Elevated cholesterol levels were found in 36.6%, low high density lipoproteins in 36.8%, and elevated triglycerides in 36.1%. Only 3% had no NCD risk factors, and 57.6% had ${\geq}3$ factors. Multivariate logistic regression showed that gender (being male, adjusted odds ratio 'aOR'=1.51), aged ${\geq}50$ years (aOR=3.06), < college education (aOR=1.75), current smokers (aOR=2.37), being obese (aOR=6.96) and having a low PA level (aOR=4.59) were the significant positive predictors for clustering of NCD risk factors. Conclusions: Over fifty percent of the studied university's employees had multiple (${\geq}3$) NCD risk factors. Screening and health promotion initiatives should be launched at least targeting the modifiable factors to avert the excessive risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and several types of cancers.

Poster Session : PS 0415 ; Infectious Disease ; QuantiRERON-TB Gold In-Tube in the Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Healthy Saudi Population

( Jamal Al Wakeel ),( Ziyad Makoshi ),( Mohammed Al Ghonaim ),( Ali Al Harbi ),( Abdulkareem Al Suwaida ),( Farjah Algahtani ),( Mogbil Al Hedaithy ),( Sultan Almogairin ),( Sami Habiballa Abdullah ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is the result of large number of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Saudi Arabia has an incidence rate ranged between8.6 and 12.2/100,000. QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-tube is approved to detect latent tuberculosis infection and TB disease. We conduct this study to estimate the prevalence of latent Tuberculosis in healthy population in Saudi Arabia and detect the sensitivity, specifi city and positive and negative predictive values for QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-tube. Methods: A cross-sectional study of blood sampling for QuantiFERON-TB Gold intube testing took from healthy blood donor were recruited from blood bank at King Saud University (KSU) and volunteers from Riyadh region, with further contact and follow up for positive results for two years for activation of latent tuberculosis. The study supported by King Saud University and King Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology. Project number ARP-245-29. Results: The study consists of 563 participants, their mean age was 34.2±13.17 year, 292 (51.9 %) male and mean BMI was 27.5 ±5.53 kg/m2. 363 (65.6%) had a BCG scar, the contact to the TB patients represented by 33 (5.9%) and 7 (1.2%) had a previous TB infection. Positive result for QFT-GIT was found in 72 (12.8%) participants, 48 (69.6%) of them had a BCG scar, only 2 (2.8%) and 4 (5.6%) had history of previous TB and contact of TB patients, respectively. Our study showed sensitivity of 90.62% (75-98%) and specificity of 91.53% (89-94%) with a positive predictive value of 39.19% (28-51%) and negative predictive value of 99.39% (98-99.9%) Conclusions: In face of reduction of the limits of other technique, QFT-GIT is not a signifi cant in diagnosis of latent TB. However, it is signifi cant in ruling out the presence of disease.

Jacobian Based Nonlinear Algorithms for Prediction of Optimized RF MEMS Switch Dimensions

Lakshmi Narayana Thalluri,M Aravind Kumar,Mohamed Sultan Mohamed Ali,N. Britto Martin Paul,K. Srinivasa Rao,Koushik Guha,S. S. Kiran 한국전기전자재료학회 2023 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.24 No.5

This communication discusses the role of nonlinear algorithms in training the neural network, which predicts the optimized RF MEMS switch dimensions. A dedicated dataset, i.e., DrTLN-RF-MEMS-SWITCH-DATASET-v1, was created by considering the most appropriate input and output variable suitable to predict the cantilever dimensions, crab leg and serpentine structure-based RF MEMS switches. The distinct artificial neural networks (ANN) performance is analysed using various training methods. The hardware implementation possible neural network algorithms, i.e., Fitting and Cascade Feed Forward Network, are considered for learning and prediction. The ANN algorithm's performance in predicting and optimizing RF MEMS switch is analysed using nonlinear training methods like Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) and Scaled Conjugate Gradient (SCG). The cascaded forward network with LM training combination offers the best performance compared with other varieties. A comprehensive study is performed using neural networks and finite element simulation results. The study revealed that the error percentage is below 15.08% for most of the parameters.

Thermal analysis of wirelessly powered thermo-pneumatic micropump based on planar LC circuit

Pei Song Chee,Marwan Nafea,Pei Ling Leow,Mohamed Sultan Mohamed Ali 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.6

This paper studies the thermal behavior of a wireless powered micropump operated using thermo-pneumatic actuation. Numerical analysis was performed to investigate the temporal conduction of the planar inductor-capacitor (LC) wireless heater and the heating chamber. The result shows that the temperature at the heating chamber reaches steady state temperature of 46.7°C within 40 seconds. The finding was further verified with experimental works through the fabrication of the planar LC heater (RF sensitive actuator) and micropump device using MEMS fabrication technique. The fabricated device delivers a minimum volume of 0.096 µL at the temperature of 29°C after being thermally activated for 10 s. The volume dispensed from the micropump device can precisely controlled by an increase of the electrical heating power within the cut-off input power of 0.22 W. Beyond the power, the heat transfer to the heating chamber exhibits non-linear behavior. In addition, wireless operation of the fabricated device shows successful release of color dye when the micropump is immersed in DI-water containing dish and excited by tuning the RF power.