Effects of Regular Treadmill Exercise on a DNA Oxidative-Damage Marker and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Rat Hippocampal Tissue

Soleiman Mahjoub,Arezoo Ghadi,Roghayeh Pourbagher,Karimollah Hajian-Tilaki,Jila Masrour-Roudsari 대한신경과학회 2016 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.12 No.4

Background and Purpose Regular exercise can result in changes in the levels of oxidative stress in the hippocampus; however, little attention has been paid to physical-activity-induced neuronal protection to exposure to lead compounds. This study investigated the effects of regular treadmill exercise on a DNA oxidative-damage marker [8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguano¬sine (8-OHdG)] and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of hippocampal tissue in lead-ace¬tate exposed rats. Methods This study investigated the effects of 8 weeks of regular treadmill exercise on 8-OHdG and the TAC of hippocampal tissue in lead-acetate-exposed rats. Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: baseline, sham (control), lead, and exercise+lead. The ex¬ercise program involved running on a treadmill with increasing intensity five times a week for 8 weeks. Animals in the lead and exercise+lead groups received lead acetate at 20 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally three times weekly for 8 weeks. Animals in the sham group re¬ceived solvent (ethyl oleate) at 30 mg/kg body weight three times weekly for 8 weeks. TAC and 8-OHdG were measured by spectrophotometric and ELISA techniques, respectively. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test with a significance cutoff of p≤0.05. Results The level of 8-OHdG and the TAC were significantly higher and lower, respective¬ly, in the lead group than in the baseline and sham groups (p<0.01). However, the 8-OHdG level and TAC value in hippocampal tissue were significantly decreased and increased, re-spectively, in the exercise+lead group relative to the lead group (p<0.05). Conclusions The TAC of hippocampal tissue may be directly associated with neural protec¬tion mechanisms of exercise following lead acetate injection, and the beneficial effects of regular exercise in preventing hippocampal neuronal damage could be due to decreased hippocampal oxidative stress such as reflected by a lower 8-OHdG level and increased TAC.

The Interaction between Sustainable Structures and Architectural Form of Tall Buildings

Elnimeir, Mahjoub,Almusharaf, Ayman Sustainable Building Research Center 2010 International journal of sustainable building tech Vol.1 No.1

Energy efficient building design is becoming increasingly important as we think more about energy conservation and environment. In such a context, structure has to assume its place and directly contribute to the building's overall energy conservation strategy. This paper, which is an extension of previous work by the first author, focuses on the interaction between structural efficiency and architectural form of tall buildings. In doing so, the paper attempts to show that efficient structures are sustainable, and that efficiency, defined here as minimum structural weight in conjunction with economical construction, is in the core of structural design. This paper highlights some examples of sustainable structures, illustrating the interaction between architectural form, structural efficiency, and energy efficiency. It also presents a methodological interactive design process which builds on previous work by the authors[1]. This time, the design process is developed to accommodate structural efficiency criteria. To demonstrate the proposed process, a design scenario is presented and discussed.

Alimentary Tract ; Role of Fecal Calprotectin in Differentiating between Hirschsprung`s Disease and Functional Constipation

( Fatemeh Elham Mahjoub ),( Nasim Zahedi ),( Bahar Ashjai ),( Mohammad Taghi Haghi Ashtiani ),( Fatemeh Farahmand ),( Maryam Monajemzadeh ),( Leila Kashi ),( Heshmat Iranikhah ) 대한소화기학회 2013 대한소화기학회지 Vol.62 No.5

Background/Aims: Calprotectin is a 36.5 kD calcium and zinc binding protein in the S100 protein family. Fecal calprotectin levels are elevated in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and some other gastrointestinal disorders such as colorectal carcinoma. We decided to evaluate the fecal calprotectin level to see if it was able to distinguish between functional and organic causes of constipation. Methods: Seventy-six children aged 1 to 120 months that all underwent deep rectal mucosa biopsies at Children Medical Center from November 2010 till September 2011 were recruited. Nineteen cases were diagnosed as Hirschsprung`s disease and 57 of the patients had nerve ganglion cells in their biopsies. Calprotectin concentration was analyzed by the ELISA method. Results: Although there was a significant difference between the median of the two groups (p=0.036), the median was not above the predetermined cutoff value of 50 μg/g. Conclusions: We propose that fecal calprotectin, using the above cutoff value, has limited value in differentiating functional constipation from Hirschsprung`s disease. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2013;62:288-291)

The Impact of Double-Skin Façades on Indoor Airflow in Naturally Ventilated Tall Office Buildings

Yohan, Kim,Mahjoub M. Elnimeiri,Raymond J. Clark Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2023 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.12 No.2

Natural ventilation has proven to be an effective passive strategy in improving energy efficiency and providing healthy environments. However, such a strategy has not been commonly adopted to tall office buildings that traditionally rely on single-skin façades (SSFs), due to the high wind pressure that creates excessive air velocities and occupant discomfort at upper floors. Double-skin façades (DSFs) can provide an opportunity to facilitate natural ventilation in tall office buildings, as the fundamental components such as the additional skin and openings create a buffer to regulate the direct impact of wind pressure and the airflow around the buildings. This study investigates the impact of modified multi-story type DSFs on indoor airflow in a 60-story, 780-foot (238 m) naturally ventilated tall office building under isothermal conditions. Thus, the performance of wind effect related components was assessed based on the criteria (e.g., air velocity and airflow distribution), particularly with respect to opening size. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was utilized to simulate outdoor airflow around the tall office building, and indoor airflow at multiple heights in case of various DSF opening configurations. The simulation results indicate that the outer skin opening is the more influential parameter than the inner skin opening on the indoor airflow behavior. On the other hand, the variations of inner skin opening size help improve the indoor airflow with respect to the desired air velocity and airflow distribution. Despite some vortexes observed in the indoor spaces, cross ventilation can occur as positive pressure on the windward side and negative pressure on the other sides generate productive pressure differential. The results also demonstrate that DSFs with smaller openings suitably reduce not only the impact of wind pressure, but also the concentration of high air velocity near the windows on the windward side, compared to SSFs. Further insight on indoor airflow behaviors depending on DSF opening configurations leads to a better understanding of the DSF design strategies for effective natural ventilation in tall office buildings.

Constructal design of finned tubes used in air-cooled heat exchangers

Hossein Shokouhmand,Shoeib Mahjoub,Mohammad Reza Salimpour 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.6

The present study documents the constructal design and optimization of finned tubes used in air-cooled heat exchangers. The consideredtubes are equipped with annular fins. The aim is to minimize the overall thermal resistance by morphing the geometry. The geometricaland thermo-physical parameters considered are the number of fins, ratio of fin height to tube diameter, Stanton number, ratio of finconductivity to air conductivity, ratio of in-tube fluid conductivity to air conductivity and dimensionless pressure drop. Two constraintsare applied in the optimization process: fixed overall volume of heat exchanger and fixed volume fraction of fin material. It is found thatthere exist optimal values for the number and the height of fins. Moreover, the optimal heat transfer has an extremum in a special volumefraction of fin material.

Insight into Fuzzy Logic and Response Surface Methodologies for Predicting Wool and Polyamide Dyeing Behaviors with a Biological Extract of Juglans Regia

Hanen Ghanmi,Nouha Sebeia,Mahjoub Jabli,Youssef O. Al-Ghamdi,Ayman Mohammed Algohary 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.12

In our previous work, we demonstrated that the dyeing of polyamide and wool fibers with methanolic extract ofJuglans Regia fractions depended on several experimental conditions. In the current investigation, Fuzzy logic and responsesurface methodologies were compared and used to predict the dyeing behavior of wool and polyamide fibers with Juglans R. extract. The operational conditions studied here were: Juglans extract concentration (0.05-0.5 %), time of dyeing (5-45 min),and temperature (50-95 °C) as input variables. Data was checked by measuring the color strength (K/S) as an output variable. To carry out the best suitable model, the root mean square error (RMSE), the relative mean absolute error (RMAE), and themean relative percent error (MRPE) were used as performance criteria. Results indicated that MRPE values ranged between0.25 % and 0.6 % which could be considered low and significant, according to literature. The RMSE values were less thanK/S standard deviation. Overall, both methodologies proved their ability to predict the color strength measurement. Comparing their performance criteria, fuzzy logic methodology gave the least errors values suggesting that this method wasmore powerful than response surface methodology.

Treatment of anterior open bites using non-extraction clear aligner therapy in adult patients

Suh Heeyeon,Garnett Bella Shen,Mahood Kimberly,Mahjoub Noor,Boyd Robert L.,Oh Heesoo 대한치과교정학회 2022 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.52 No.3

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness and mechanism of clear aligner therapy for the correction of anterior open bite in adult nonextraction cases. Methods: Sixty-nine adult patients with anterior open bite were enrolled and classified into Angle’s Class I, II, and III groups. Fifty patients presented with skeletal open bite (mandibular plane angle [MPA] ≥ 38°), whereas 19 presented with dental open bite. Fifteen cephalometric landmarks were identified before (T1) and after (T2) treatment. The magnitudes of planned and actual movements of the incisors and molars were calculated. Results: Positive overbite was achieved in 94% patients, with a mean final overbite of 1.1 ± 0.8 mm. The mean change in overbite was 3.3 ± 1.4 mm. With clear aligners alone, 0.36 ± 0.58 mm of maxillary molar intrusion was achieved. Compared with the Class I group, the Class II group showed greater maxillary molar intrusion and MPA reduction. The Class III group showed greater mandibular incisor extrusion with no significant vertical skeletal changes. Conclusions: Clear aligners can be effective in controlling the vertical dimension and correcting mild to moderate anterior open bite in adult nonextraction cases. The treatment mechanism for Class III patients significantly differed from that for Class I and Class II patients. Maxillary incisor extrusion in patients with dental open bite and MPA reduction with mandibular incisor extrusion in patients with skeletal open bite are the most significant contributing factors for open bite closure.

Correction to: Treatment of anterior open bites using non-extraction clear aligner therapy in adult patients

Suha, Heeyeon,Garnett, Bella Shen,Mahood, Kimberly,Mahjoub, Noor,Boyd, Robert L.,Oh, Heesoo The Korean Association Of Orthodontists 2022 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.52 No.5

Microrheological study of PVA–borax physical gel: effects of charge screening

Chayma Abbes,Marouen Zammali,Hasna Faten Mahjoub,Tahar Othman 한국고분자학회 2023 Macromolecular Research Vol.31 No.7

The charge screening effects on the viscoelasticity and the gelation properties of the mixture poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and borax transient physical hydrogel was studied by diffusing-wave spectroscopy microrheology (DWS) and classical rheometry. The critical gel point of PVA–borax hydrogel was demonstrated at the high frequency range according to the uniqueness criterion of Winter and Chambon (WC) and was found to decrease with increasing sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations. Time-cure superposition strategy has been adopted to elucidate the scaling laws that govern the sol–gel transition of PVA–borax hydrogel. Then, the Rubinstein and Semenov (R–S) regime was established allowing the estimation of the size of the largest relaxed cluster Rz near the gel point. The increase of the ionic strength within the PVA–borax network was found to induce a decrease of Rz. The combination of these findings suggested that NaCl triggered a contraction of PVA–borax physical network as a result of the charge screening effect, leading to the enhancement of the associativity as well as the density of the hydrogel. This work is expected to provide an insight into the behavior of physical gels within biological systems with high ionic strengths.

Dose metrology: TLD/OSL dose accuracy and energy response performance

Belhaj Omaima Essaad,Boukhal Hamid,Chakir El Mahjoub,Bellahsaouia Meryeme,Belhaj Siham,Sadeq Younes,Tazi Mohammed,El Khoukhi Tahar,Hadouachi Maryam,Laazouzi Khaoula 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.2

An essential step in evaluating and comparing the performance of two passive radiation dosimeter types, thermosluminescent (TLD) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), used by workers in environments with ionizing radiation for individual radiological monitoring and control of external exposure at various times (cumulative dose for 1 month), is to compare the measured dose accuracy, energy response, and coefficient of variation. In fact this performance study consists in determining the accuracy of both R(10) and R(0.07) which are considered as the ratios of the measured dose (Hp(10) or Hp(0.07)) to the delivered dose (Hp(10) or Hp(0.07)) for each photon energy. The validity of the results of this test is based on the acceptance limits of the ICRP and the international standard IEC-62387. The relative energy response used is normalized to the 137Cs 662 keV energy to find which energy response is closest to the ideal case, and the coefficient of variation that allows to determine the statistical fluctuation of the Hp(10) and Hp(0.07) doses. The results of the accuracy test for the OSL and TLD dosimeters are acceptable because they fall within the ICRP limits. For the energy response, the OSL performs better than the TLD for Hp(10) and Hp(0.07), and for the coefficient of variation, the OSL satisfies the requirements of ISO 62387 for both Hp(10) and Hp(0.07), while the TLD satisfies these requirements only for the measurement of Hp (0.07).