Sixteen New Records of Ascomycetes from Crop Field Soil in Korea

( Mahesh Adhikari ),( Sangwoo Kim ),( Hyun Seung Kim ),( Hyang Burm Lee ),( Youn Su Lee ) 한국균학회 2016 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.44 No.4

The present study reports 16 species of Ascomycota that were previously unknown in Korea, namely Acremonium cellulolyticus (KNU14-25), Acremonium zonatum (KNU14-15), Chaetomium madrasense (KNU14-9), Cladosporium silenes (KNU 14-18-1), Humicolopsis cephalosporioides (KNU15-3), Leptosphaerulina chartarum (KNU14-16), Paecilomyces marquandii (KNU14- 8), Paecilomyces tenuis (KNU14-18-2), Paraphaeosphaeria sporulosa (KNU15-2), Penicillium rubidurum (KNU14-12), Pochonia suchlasporia (KNU15-6), Sporothrix inflata (KNU15-8), Thielavia hyrcaniae (KNU15-1), Thielavia terricola (KNU14-23-1), Xylogone sphaerospora (KNU15-7), and Zopfiella longicaudata (KNU15-5). These fungal species were isolated from soil samples collected from various regions of Korea and identified based on their morphological characteristics and rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequence data. Full descriptions and illustrations for each species are provided.

Insulin as a Potent Stimulator of Akt, ERK and Inhibin-bE Signaling in Osteoblast-Like UMR-106 Cells

( Mahesh Ramalingam ),( Yong-dae Kwon ),( Sung-jin Kim ) 한국응용약물학회 2016 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.24 No.6

Insulin is a peptide hormone of the endocrine pancreas and exerts a wide variety of physiological actions in insulin sensitive tissues, such as regulation of glucose homeostasis, cell growth, differentiation, learning and memory. However, the role of insulin in osteoblast cells remains to be fully characterized. In this study, we demonstrated that the insulin (100 nM) has the ability to stimulate the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt/PKB) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and the levels of inhibin-bE in the osteoblast-like UMR-106 cells. This insulin-stimulated activities were abolished by the PI3K and MEK1 inhibitors LY294002 and PD98059, respectively. This is the first report proving that insulin is a potential candidate that enables the actions of inhibin-bE subunit of the TGF-b family. The current investigation provides a foundation for the realization of insulin as a potential stimulator in survival signaling pathways in osteoblast-like UMR-106 cells.

Pharmacological Activities and Applications of Spicatoside A

( Mahesh Ramalingam ),( Sung-jin Kim ) 한국응용약물학회 2016 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.24 No.5

Liriopogons (Liriope and Opiopogon) species are used as a main medicinal ingredient in several Asian countries. The Liriopes Radix (tuber, root of Liriope platyphylla) has to be a promising candidate due to their source of phytochemicals. Steroidal saponins and their glycosides, phenolic compounds, secondary metabolites are considered of active constituents in Liriopes Radix. Spicatoside A, a steroidal saponin, could be more efficacious drug candidate in future. In this review, we summarized the available knowledge on phytochemical and pharmacological activities for spicatoside A. It significantly suppressed the level of NF-kB, NO, iNOS, Cox-2, IL-1b, IL-6 and MAPKs in LPS-stimulated inflammation. The production of MUC5AC mucin was increased. MMP- 13 expression was down-regulated in IL-1b-treated cells and reduced glycosaminoglycan release from IL-1a-treated cells. The neurite outgrowth activity, PI3K, Akt, ERK1/2, TrkA and CREB phosphorylation and neurotropic factors such as NGF and BDNF were upregulated with increased latency time. It also showed cell growth inhibitory activity on various carcinoma cells. From this, spicatoside A exerts anti-inflammation, anti-asthma, anti-osteoclastogenesis, neurite outgrowth, memory consolidation and anticancer activities. Further studies are needed on spicatoside A in order to understand mechanisms of action to treat various human diseases.

Discovery of Two New Talaromyces Species from Crop Field Soil in Korea

( Mahesh Adhikari ),( Dil Raj Yadav ),( Sang Woo Kim ),( Yong Hyun Um ),( Hyung Seung Kim ),( Hyang Burm Lee ),( Youn Su Lee ) 한국균학회 2015 Mycobiology Vol.43 No.4

Two new fungal species of the genus Talaromyces, Talaromyces purpurogenus and Talaromyces trachyspermus from the Trichocomaceae family, were recovered during an investigation of fungal communities in soil collected from the Gangwon-do and Jeollanam-do provinces of Korea. These two species have not been previously officially reported from Korea. In this study, detailed descriptions of internal transcribed spacer rDNA and beta-tubulin gene regions of these two fungi are presented. Morphological features of the two fungi in five agar media, potato dextrose, oatmeal, malt extract, czapek yeast extract, and yeast extract sucrose, are also reported. The species were identified on the basis of molecular and morphological analysis, and herein we present data with detailed descriptions and figures.

Numerical Investigation on the Power Generation Performance of Thermoelectric Generator

Mahesh Suresh Patil,Jae-Hyeong Seo,Dae-Wan Kim,You-Ma Bang,Ki-Hyun Kim,Chan-Jung Kim,Gee-Soo Lee,Chong-Pyo Cho,Moo-Yeon Lee 한국자동차공학회 2017 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2017 No.11

Carrot Juice Administration Decreases Liver Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 and Improves Docosahexaenoic Acid Levels, but Not Steatosis in High Fructose Diet-Fed Weanling Wistar Rats

Mahesh, Malleswarapu,Bharathi, Munugala,Reddy, Mooli Raja Gopal,Kumar, Manchiryala Sravan,Putcha, Uday Kumar,Vajreswari, Ayyalasomayajula,Jeyakumar, Shanmugam M. The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2016 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.21 No.3

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent liver diseases associated with an altered lifestyle, besides genetic factors. The control and management of NAFLD mostly depend on lifestyle modifications, due to the lack of a specific therapeutic approach. In this context, we assessed the effect of carrot juice on the development of high fructose-induced hepatic steatosis. For this purpose, male weanling Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups, fed either a control (Con) or high fructose (HFr) diet of AIN93G composition, with or without carrot juice (CJ) for 8 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, plasma biochemical markers, such as triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, and ${\beta}$-hydroxy butyrate levels were comparable among the 4 groups. Although, the liver injury marker, aspartate aminotransferase, levels in plasma showed a reduction, hepatic triglycerides levels were not significantly reduced by carrot juice ingestion in the HFr diet-fed rats (HFr-CJ). On the other hand, the key triglyceride synthesis pathway enzyme, hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), expression at mRNA level was augmented by carrot juice ingestion, while their protein levels showed a significant reduction, which corroborated with decreased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), particularly palmitoleic (C16:1) and oleic (C18:1) acids. Notably, it also improved the long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22:6) content of the liver in HFr-CJ. In conclusion, carrot juice ingestion decreased the SCD1-mediated production of MUFA and improved DHA levels in liver, under high fructose diet-fed conditions. However, these changes did not significantly lower the hepatic triglyceride levels.

Numerical Study on Geometric Parameter effects of Power Generation Performances for Segmented Thermoelectric Generator

Mahesh Suresh Patil,서재형,이무연 대한설비공학회 2018 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.26 No.1

Thermoelectric generator (TEG) is a promising option in waste heat recovery with various advantages including nonmoving components, very low operating noise and overall high stability. However, low power generation efficiency of TEGs is still concerned for application in wider fields. The objective of the present study is to investigate the parameters affecting the performance and efficiency of segmented TEG. The physical parameters including length ratio, length-to-area ratio and thickness of conducting plate were considered. In addition, the effect of varying hot side temperature was analyzed. Performance of segmented TEG was compared based on the power generation and conversion efficiency. The results of the investigation showed that increasing Bi2Te3 length in the segmented TEG made up of Bi2Te3 and SiGe increased the maximum power generation and efficiency. As length-to-area ratio increased, the power generation decreased, however, efficiency increased slightly. In addition, as the hot side temperature increased from 150 ∘ ∘C to 650 ∘ ∘C, the power generation and efficiency both increased. Power generation and efficiency of segmented TEG increased when the conducting plate thickness was increased. The power generation and efficiency were 39.2% and 51.9% higher for TEG with asymmetrical element than TEG with symmetrical element showing that asymmetrical element would be better option for same thermoelectric element volume.

Three New Records of Ascomycetes Isolates from Field Soils in Korea

( Mahesh Adhikari ),( Sun Kumar Gurung ),( Hyun Seung Kim ),( Setu Bazie ),( Hyun Gu Lee ),( Hyang Burm Lee ),( Youn Su Lee ) 한국균학회 2017 Mycobiology Vol.45 No.4

Three new records of Ascomycota species (Chaetomium acropullum, Phialemonium globosum, Phialemonium atrogriseum) from field soils in Korea are presented in this study. These newly discovered fungal isolates were isolated from field soils from various places across Gyeongnam, Korea in 2016. All the isolates were identified and described based on morphological characteristics, and rDNA internal transcribed spacer and β-tubulin gene sequence data. Morphological features of these fungal species were studied on different agar media: potato dextrose agar, oatmeal agar, malt extract agar, Czapek yeast extract agar, and yeast extract sucrose agar. Full description and illustrations of their morphological characters are provided. These fungal species have not officially been previously reported in Korea.

Endoscopic Management with a Novel Over-The-Scope Padlock Clip System

Mahesh Kumar Goenka,Gajanan Ashokrao Rodge,Indrajeet Kumar Tiwary 대한소화기내시경학회 2019 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.52 No.6

Background/Aims: The Padlock clip is a recently introduced over-the-scope clip (OTSC) that requires the use of an alternate techniqueand has a different design from previous OTSCs. However, data regarding its clinical use are limited. The aim of this study is to presentour clinical experience using this novel Padlock clip system. Methods: Between September 2018 and June 2019, 7 consecutive patients underwent Padlock clip application at our center by anexperienced endoscopist. A Padlock clip was used for achieving hemostasis in 4 patients presenting with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding,as well as for endoscopic full-thickness resection in the remaining 3 patients. Results: All 7 patients achieved technical as well as clinical success, with absence of complications or rebleeding, during a follow-up ofa minimum of 3 weeks. All patients were hospitalized post procedure for a minimum of 48 hours, and an absence of adverse events wasnoted in our patient population throughout the procedure and post-procedure period. Antiplatelet therapy was reinstated shortly afterthe application of the Padlock clip, with no GI bleeding observed. Conclusions: The Padlock clip is a novel OTSC, with benefits that include safe, simple, and rapid deployment. Antiplatelet therapy maybe reinstated for patients, when necessary, shortly after applying the Padlock clip due to full-thickness closure of the tissue.

Fungal Production of Single Cell Oil Using Untreated Copra Cake and Evaluation of Its Fuel Properties for Biodiesel

( Mahesh Khot ),( Rohini Gupta ),( Kadambari Barve ),( Smita Zinjarde ),( Sanjay Govindwar ),( Ameeta Ravikumar ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.4

This study evaluated the microbial conversion of coconut oil waste, a major agro-residue in tropical countries, into single cell oil (SCO) feedstock for biodiesel production. Copra cake was used as a low-cost renewable substrate without any prior chemical or enzymatic pretreatment for submerged growth of an oleaginous tropical mangrove fungus, Aspergillus terreus IBB M1. The SCO extracted from fermented biomass was converted into fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) by transesterification and evaluated on the basis of fatty acid profiles and key fuel properties for biodiesel. The fungus produced a biomass (8.2 g/l) yielding 257 mg/g copra cake SCO with ~98% FAMEs. The FAMEs were mainly composed of saturated methyl esters (61.2%) of medium-chain fatty acids (C12-C18) with methyl oleate (C18:1; 16.57%) and methyl linoleate (C18:2; 19.97%) making up the unsaturated content. A higher content of both saturated FAMEs and methyl oleate along with the absence of polyunsaturated FAMEs with ≥4 double bonds is expected to impart good fuel quality. This was evident from the predicted and experimentally determined key fuel properties of FAMEs (density, kinematic viscosity, iodine value, acid number, cetane number), which were in accordance with the international (ASTM D6751, EN 14214) and national (IS 15607) biodiesel standards, suggesting their suitability as a biodiesel fuel. The low cost, renewable nature, and easy availability of copra cake, its conversion into SCO without any thermochemical pretreatment, and pelleted fungal growth facilitating easier downstream processing by simple filtration make this process cost effective and environmentally favorable.