Microwave-assisted Approach for the Rapid Enzymatic Digestion of Rapeseed Meal

Ju-Fang Li,Fang Wei,Lu-Lu Guo,Gang-You Yuan,Feng-Hong Huang,Mu-Lan Jiang,Yuan-Di Zhao,Xu-Yan Dong,Guang-Ming Li,Hong Chen 한국식품과학회 2010 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.19 No.2

This study demonstrates the use of a new microwave-assisted approach for accelerating the enzymatic digestion of rapeseed meal. The effects of different microwave parameters, such as the time, temperature, and power level, on the degree of hydrolysis (DH) were investigated by using response surface methodology (RSM). The maximum predicted DH value (10.2%) was in good agreement with the value obtained experimentally using an alkaline protease, which was 12.57% under optimal conditions. In only 7 min, the microwave-assisted method achieved a DH value similar to that obtained by the conventional enzymatic digestion method (4 hr). Therefore,this new technique for rapid enzymatic digestion will improve the application of rapeseed meal in the preparation of protein hydrolysates for use in food and feed.

Melatonin prevents lung injury by regulating apelin 13 to improve mitochondrial dysfunction

Lu Zhang,Fangli Liu,Xiaomin Su,Yue Li,Yining Wang,Ruonan Fang,Yingying Guo,Tongzhu Jin,Huitong Shan,Xiaoguang Zhao,Rui Yang,Hongli Shan,Haihai Liang 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive disease characterized by epithelial cell damage, fibroblast proliferation, excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and lung tissue scarring. Melatonin, a hormone produced by the pineal gland, plays an important role in multiple physiological and pathological responses in organisms. However, the function of melatonin in the development of bleomycin-induced pulmonary injury is poorly understood. In the present study, we found that melatonin significantly decreased mortality and restored the function of the alveolar epithelium in bleomycin-treated mice. However, pulmonary function mainly depends on type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECIIs) and is linked to mitochondrial integrity. We also found that melatonin reduced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prevented apoptosis and senescence in AECIIs. Luzindole, a nonselective melatonin receptor antagonist, blocked the protective action of melatonin. Interestingly, we found that the expression of apelin 13 was significantly downregulated in vitro and in vivo and that this downregulation was reversed by melatonin. Furthermore, ML221, an apelin inhibitor, disrupted the beneficial effects of melatonin on alveolar epithelial cells. Taken together, these results suggest that melatonin alleviates lung injury through regulating apelin 13 to improve mitochondrial dysfunction in the process of bleomycin-induced pulmonary injury.

Urban Fringe Land Use Problem And Solution In Kaifeng City

GUO Jing,LU Hongyan,JING Fang 대한지리학회 2008 대한지리학회 컨퍼런스 자료집 Vol.2 No.-

Dynamic network biomarker identifies cdkn1a-mediated bone mineralization in the triggering phase of osteoporosis

Guo Weiming,Jin Peng,Li Ruomei,Huang Lu,Liu Zhen,Li Hairui,Zhou Ting,Fang Bing,Xia Lunguo 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-

The identification of predictive markers to determine the triggering phase prior to the onset of osteoporosis is essential to mitigate further irrevocable deterioration. To determine the early warning signs before osteoporosis, we used the dynamic network biomarker (DNB) approach to analyze time-series gene expression data in a zebrafish osteoporosis model, which revealed that cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 A (cdkn1a) is a core DNB. We found that cdkn1a negatively regulates osteogenesis, as evidenced by loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies. Specifically, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated cdkn1a knockout in zebrafish significantly altered skeletal development and increased bone mineralization, whereas inducible cdkn1a expression significantly contributed to osteoclast differentiation. We also found several mechanistic clues that cdkn1a participates in osteoclast differentiation by regulating its upstream signaling cascades. To summarize, in this study, we provided new insights into the dynamic nature of osteoporosis and identified cdkn1a as an early-warning signal of osteoporosis onset.

Etch-pits of GaN Films with different etching methods

LU MIN,CHANG XIN,FANG HUI-ZHI,LI ZI-LAN,REN QIAN,YANG HUA,YANG JHI-ZIAN,ZHANG GUO-YI,ZHANG BEI 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.45 No.3

The etch stop process of SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) over CeO2 in Inductively Coupled Plasma Reactive Ion Etching (ICP-RIE) is reported in this paper. The etch stop of ferroelectric thin lm on a silicon surface without damage is important for the self-aligned gate structure process in the fabrication of the single-transistor-type ferroelectric random access memory. A high vertical etching angle is also necessary for high integration. We investigated the etch rate of SBT and of Si and CeO2 which were used as a buer layer to improve the interface between SBT and silicon, with various Ar/Cl2 gas mixtures, ICP powers and RF bias powers in ICP-RIE. The highest etching selectivity of SBT/CeO2 and SBT/Si was 6.8 and 0.3 respectively. The vertical angle of SBT was 82 degrees. SEM images and XPS surface analyses showed good etch stop characteristics of the buer layer without damage to the silicon surface.

Efficacy and Safety of Endostar^® Combined with Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcomas

Zhang, Lu-Ping,Liao, Xing-Yun,Xu, Yan-Mei,Yan, Lv-Jun,Yan, Gui-Fang,Wang, Xin-Xin,Duan, Yu-Zhong,Sun, Jian-Guo Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.7

Background: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a heterogeneous group of tumors, and approximately 40-50% of patients with STS develop metastatic disease. The median overall survival of those patients was 12 months and their 5-year survival rate was 8%. Therefore, study on more effective treatment, especially the targeting therapies, is urgently needed. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Endostar$^{(R)}$ combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced STS. Methods: A retrospective case-series study was conducted in Cancer Institute of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital. A total of 71 patients suffering from advanced STS (IIB - IV) were included, of whom 49 cases treated with chemotherapy alone were defined as the control group and the rest 22 cases treated with the traditional chemotherapy combined with Endostar$^{(R)}$ were defined as the test group. The short-term therapeutic effects including objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and safety were evaluated in the two groups. In the follow-up, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were also observed. Results: In the test and control groups, the ORR was 18.2% and 12.2%, respectively (P=0.767), and the DCR was 86.4% and 61.2%, respectively (P=0.034). The median time to progression in the test and control groups was 120 days and 70 days with significant difference (P = 0.017), while the median overall survival was 452 days and 286 days without significant difference (P=0.503). The one-year survival rate in the test group and control group was 56.2% and 35.4%, respectively, while the two-year survival rate was 30.2% and 26.5%, respectively. No significant difference in the side effects was found between the two groups. Conclusions: Endostar$^{(R)}$ combined with chemotherapy resulted in a higher DCR and longer PFS in the patients with advanced STS, and the toxicity was tolerable.

Estrogen Receptor-α Exacerbates EGF-Inducing Airway Remodeling and Mucus Production in Bronchial Epithelium of Asthmatics

Qin Lu,Yue Junqing,Guo Mingzhou,Zhang Cong,Fang Xiaoyu,Zhang Shengding,Bai Wenxue,Liu Xiansheng,Xie Min 대한천식알레르기학회 2023 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.15 No.5

Purpose: Although estrogen receptors (ERs) signal pathways are involved in the pathogenesis and development of asthma, their expressions and effects remain controversial. This study aimed to investigate the expressions of ERα and ERβ as well as their mechanisms in airway remodeling and mucus production in asthma. Methods: The expressions of ERα and ERβ in the airway epithelial cells of bronchial biopsies and induced sputum cells were examined by immunohistochemistry. The associations of ERs expressions with airway inflammation and remodeling were evaluated in asthmatic patients. In vitro, the regulations of ERs expressions in human bronchial epithelial cell lines were examined using western blot analysis. The epidermal growth factor (EGF)-mediated ligand-independent activation of ERα and its effect on epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) were investigated in asthmatic epithelial cells by western blot, immunofluorescent staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: ERα and ERβ were expressed on both bronchial epithelial cells and induced sputum cells, and the expressions showed no sex difference. Compared to controls, male asthmatic patients had higher levels of ERα on the bronchial epithelium, and there were cell-specific expressions of ERα and ERβ in induced sputum. The expression of ERα in the airway epithelium was inversely correlated to forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) % and FEV1/forced vital capacity. Severe asthmatic patients had significantly greater levels of ERα in the airway epithelium than mild-moderate patients. ERα level was positively correlated with the thickness of the subepithelial basement membrane and airway epithelium. In vitro, co-stimulation of interleukin (IL)-4 and EGF increased the expression of ERα and promoted its nuclear translocation. EGF activated the phosphorylation of ERα via extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways. ERα knockdown alleviated EGF-mediated EMTs and mucus production in airway epithelial cells of asthma. Conclusions: ERα contributes to asthmatic airway remodeling and mucus production through the EGF-mediated ligand-independent pathway.

Different Association of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Gene Polymorphisms with Risk of Prostate, Esophageal, and Lung Cancers: Evidence from a Meta-analysis of 20,025 Subjects

Sun, Guo-Gui,Wang, Ya-Di,Lu, Yi-Fang,Hu, Wan-Ning Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.3

Altered expression or function of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) has been shown to be associated with cancer risk but assessment of gene polymorphisms has resulted in inconclusive data. Here a search of published data was made and 22 studies were recruited, covering 20,025 case and control subjects, for meta-analyses of the association of MnSOD polymorphisms with the risk of prostate, esophageal, and lung cancers. The data on 12 studies of prostate cancer (including 4,182 cases and 6,885 controls) showed a statistically significant association with the risk of development in co-dominant models and dominant models, but not in the recessive model. Subgroup analysis showed there was no statistically significant association of MnSOD polymorphisms with aggressive or nonaggressive prostate cancer in different genetic models. In addition, the data on four studies of esophageal cancer containing 620 cases and 909 controls showed a statistically significant association between MnSOD polymorphisms and risk in all comparison models. In contrast, the data on six studies of lung cancer with 3,375 cases and 4,050 controls showed that MnSOD polymorphisms were significantly associated with the decreased risk of lung cancer in the homozygote and dominant models, but not the heterozygote model. A subgroup analysis of the combination of MnSOD polymorphisms with tobacco smokers did not show any significant association with lung cancer risk, histological type, or clinical stage of lung cancer. The data from the current study indicated that the Ala allele MnSOD polymorphism is associated with increased risk of prostate and esophageal cancers, but with decreased risk of lung cancer. The underlying molecular mechanisms warrant further investigation.

Security Model for Sensitive Information Systems and Its Applications in Sensor Networks

Tianbo Lu,Xiaobo Guo,Lingling Zhao,Yang Li,Peng Lin,Binxing Fang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.5

The study of security models for sensitive information systems has been taken on for years, but still lag far away behind the progress of information security practice. During this century, the thought of seeking the system security to the source of system development lifecycle received huge improvement in the system and software assurance domain. This paper firstly expounds the understanding of information security by illustrating information security study development progress since pre-computer age and presents a description of cyberspace and cyberization security by summarizing the status quo of cyberization. Then a security model called PDRL, which includes six core security attributes of sensitive information systems, is proposed to protect the security of sensitive information systems in the whole system life-cycle. At last, this paper probes into further discussion about controllability attribute and proposes a controllability model in sensitive sensor networks, followed by a probability computing formula and the example for computing the controllability of sensitive sensor networks. By dividing each single element of sensitive information and each element-related operation into a corresponding classification, this paper makes a reasonable description of the quantitative description about controllability.

PKM2 Regulates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition and Migration upon EGFR Activation

Fan, Fang-Tian,Shen, Cun-Si,Tao, Li,Tian, Chao,Liu, Zhao-Guo,Zhu, Zhi-Jie,Liu, Yu-Ping,Pei, Chang-Song,Wu, Hong-Yan,Zhang, Lei,Wang, Ai-Yun,Zheng, Shi-Zhong,Huang, Shi-Le,Lu, Yin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.5

Pyruvate kinase isozyme type M2 (PKM2) was first found in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its expression has been thought to correlate with prognosis. A large number of studies have demonstrated that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial event in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and associated metastasis, resulting in enhanced malignancy of HCC. However, the roles of PKM2 in HCC EMT and metastasis remain largely unknown. The present study aimed to determine the effects of PKM2 in EGF-induced HCC EMT and elucidate the molecular mechanisms in vitro. Our results showed that EGF promoted EMT in HCC cell lines as evidenced by altered morphology, expression of EMT-associated markers, and enhanced invasion capacity. Furthermore, the present study also revealed that nuclear translocation of PKM2, which is regulated by the ERK pathway, regulated ${\beta}$-catenin-TCF/LEF-1 transcriptional activity and associated EMT in HCC cell lines. These discoveries provide evidence of novel roles of PKM2 in the progression of HCC and potential therapeutic target for advanced cases.