Rainfall-induced Landslide Hazard Analysis Based on GIS in Yanbian Region, China

Liu,Xiu Xuan,Quan, He Chun,이병걸 대한공간정보학회 2017 대한공간정보학회지 Vol.25 No.4

This paper mainly studies landslide hazard in Yanbian region,8 landslide factors of soil moisture content, hydrogeology, land use type, slope, slope aspect, fault, river and rainfall are analyzed in the area of Yanbian region. Using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the relative weights of 8 landslide factors were obtained, and the internal weights of each factor were determined by the data; the rainfall factors were then divided into three categories such as average annual rainfall, average flood season rainfall, and the maximum average rainfall. And the comparison of the rainfall factors was made. Finally based on the results of these weights to the remote sensing technology(RS) and geographic information system(GIS) technology combined to evaluate its area, we are mapping the risk assessment area for landslide hazard in Yanbian region. According to the map analysis, figure in the dangerous hierarchies result in accordance with the historical landslides is better. At the same time. landslides and hazard area of statistical data analysis showed that the AHP method combined with GIS technology is suitable for promoting the Yanbian regional landslide hazard assessment.

Two Novel 3-D Zinc Compounds with Mixture Ligands of H3BTB and 4,4'-Bipy: Crystal Structures, Blue Fluorescence and Single Point Energy Calculation

Xiu-Cheng Zhang,Ling Xu,Wen-Guang Liu,Bing Liu 대한화학회 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.9

Two 3-D zinc framework compounds, [Zn6(BTB)4(4,4'-bipy)4(H2O)4]․9H2O (1) and [Zn3(BTB)2(4,4'-bipy)2(H2O)2]․5H2O (2) (H3BTB = 1,2,3-benzenetricarboxylic acid, 4,4'-bipy = 4,4'-bipyridine), are obtained from the diffusion method and hydrothermal reaction respectively. Though 1 and 2 has the same coordination geometries of zinc atoms and coordination mode of BTB3‒, their 2-D layers are different: mirror symmetric layers in 1; parallel ones in 2,further connecting by 4,4'-bipy into 3-D frameworks. The hydrothermal reaction of 2 results in a more stable 3-D framework than the one in 1, which is supported by the single point energy calculations. 1 and 2 show similar blue fluorescence at 417 nm, which can be assigned to LMCT.

Surface coordination and excellent anticorrosion performance of strontiumapatite nanocomposite

Xiu-Rui Liu,Min Miao,Jing-Yu Zhang,JIN-KU LIU,Xian-Mei Zhang,Xiao-Gang Wang 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.80 No.-

A mass-produced, simple and scalable self-heating-based method for the manufacture of surfacecoordination strontiumapatite (SP) nanocomposite with excellent corrosion resistance is proposed. Thereaction heat released from the formation of SP material increases the solubility of benzotriazole (BTA)which achieves reasonable distribution of system energy. The BTA isfirmly adhered on the SP by Sr Ncoordination bond, which acts as barrier impeding on the penetration of the corrosive medium. Scanelectron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to characterize coatingmorphology and chemical composition. Meanwhile, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) datashow that the resultant resistance of strontiumapatite/benzotriazole (SPB) nanocomposite coating was3.02 × 104V cm2, which was improved by 601.8% compared with SP material. The improvement ofcorrosion performance is attributed to the synergistic anticorrosion mechanism that includes theshielding effect, extension of charge transfer paths and formation of multiple passivationfilms. Themethod for organic and inorganic synergistic material provides ideas for the design and synthesis ofanticorrosive materials.

ReaxFF Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Water Stability of Interpenetrated Metal–Organic Frameworks

Liu, Xiu Ying,Pai, Sung Jin,Han, Sang Soo American Chemical Society 2017 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C - Vol.121 No.13

<P>Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using the reactive force field (ReaxFF) have been performed to elucidate the underlying water-induced disruption mechanism of several prototypical interpenetrated MOFs (IRMOF-9, IRMOF-13, and SUMOF4). Through the comparison to the corresponding noninterpenetrated MOFs (IRMOF-10 and IRMOF-14), for both the interpenetrated and noninterpenetrated MOFs, structural collapse was always accompanied by the dissociation of the water molecules, with the produced OH- and H+ forming chemical bonds with the Zn2+ ion and O atom of the ligand, respectively. However, the water stability of the interpenetrated MOFs is less than that of the corresponding noninterpenetrated structures. The reasons for the differences between the MOFs in the resistance to water attack are clarified. The water resistance of the noninterpenetrated MOFs is mainly attributed to the strength of the Zn-O-ligand, but, the hydrogen bond has little effect. However, a trade-off between the strength of the Zn-O-ligand bond and the hydrogen bond determines the water stability of the interpenetrated MOFs. We expect that our understanding of the water-disruption mechanisms of MOFs will provide helpful guidance for the design of MOFs with a high water-resistance. Additionally, this work shows that ReaxFF simulations could be a useful technique for predicting the hydrothermal stability of MOFs.</P>

Microbial Floral Dynamics of Chinese Traditional Soybean Paste (Doujiang) and Commercial Soybean Paste

( Xiu Zhi Gao ),( Hui Liu ),( Xin Xin Yi ),( Yi Qian Liu ),( Xiao Dong Wang ),( Wen Sheng Xu ),( Qi Gen Tong ),( Zong Jun Cui ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.12

Traditional soybean paste from Shandong Liangshan and Tianyuan Jiangyuan commercial soybean paste were chosen for analysis and comparison of their bacterial and fungal dynamics using denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis and 16S rRNA gene clone libraries. The bacterial diversity results showed that more than 20 types of bacteria were present in traditional Shandong soybean paste during its fermentation process, whereas only six types of bacteria were present in the commercial soybean paste. The predominant bacteria in the Shandong soybean paste were most closely related to Leuconostoc spp., an uncultured bacterium, Lactococcus lactis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus spp., and Citrobacter freundii. The predominant bacteria in the Tianyuan Jiangyuan soybean paste were most closely related to an uncultured bacterium, Bacillus licheniformis, and an uncultured Leuconostoc spp. The fungal diversity results showed that 10 types of fungi were present in the Shandong soybean paste during the fermentation process, with the predominant fungi being most closely related to Geotrichum spp., an uncultured fungal clone, Aspergillus oryzae, and yeast species. The predominant fungus in the commercial soybean paste was Aspergillus oryzae.

‘전(前)’의 이동 의미 소실에 관한 고찰

( Liu Xiu-ping ) 중국어문연구회 2016 中國語文論叢 Vol.0 No.76

This paper aims to demonstrate the semantic, functional change of Qian and figure out the cause which affects the loss of dynamic motion among Qian. In this paper, we investigate a large sum of diachronic and synchronic Chinese texts based on Chinese corpus. Evidences are given to show that Archaic Chinese Qian has been a motion verb involved < motion > and < path > in the motion event which was proposed by Talmy, L.(2000a, 200b). However Qian has lost its function of motion gradually and only the function of static location survived in Mandarin Chinese. In order to account for the historical change of Qian, this paper gives a brief review of the distribution and usage about Qian in different Chinese historical stages and classifies the sentences in which Qian occurs into four types: ‘Bare Verb-Qian’, ‘Qian+Common Verb’, ‘Qian+Motion Verb’ and ‘Qian+Common Noun’. In conclusion, we figure out that there are several factors which may result in the loss of the motion about Qian. First, asymmetry between Archaic Qian and Hou. Second, reanalysis of the ‘Qian+Verb’ structure. Third, the change of Chinese conceptualization pattern etc. The emergence and development of 處置式(e.g. BA construction) and 使成式(e.g. SHI construction) in Ancient Chinese has also be a part which may affects the loss of the motion about Qian.

Two d10 Metal Coordination Polymers Based on 1H-1,2,4-Triazole: Synthesis, Structure and Fluorescence

Xiu-Cheng Zhang,Ling Xu,Wen-Guang Liu,Bing Liu 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.5

The reactions of 1H-1,2,4-triazole (Htr) with MX2 (ZnCl2 for 1; CdBr2 for 2) resulted in two coordination polymers, [Zn(tr)Cl]_n (1) and [Cd(Htr)_2Br_2]_n (2). The structural analyses indicate that 1 and 2 feature a 2D layer and 1D triple chain, respectively. In 1, neighouring Zn atoms are connected by μ_3-1 κN: 2 κN: 4 κN-tr^− anionic ligand into 6- and 16-membered rings, further grow into a 2D sheet. Cd atoms in 2 are bonded by two μ_2-Br^−bridges and neutral μ_2-1 κN: 2 κN-Htr to form a 1D triple chain. The fluorescent characterizations of 1, 2 and the free Htr ligand feature simlilar emission peakes at 444, 446 and 423 nm respectively, which can be assigned to intra-ligand π-π^* transition of (H)tr. The energy gaps of 5.90 eV for 1, 5.16 eV for 2, and 5.93 eV for Htr suggest that the compounds behave as insulators.

Determination of Protein, Fat, Starch, and Amino Acids in Foxtail Millet [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.] by Fourier Transform Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

Xiu-Shi Yang,Li-Li Wang,Xian-Rong Zhou,Shaomin Shuang,Zhi-Hua Zhu,Nan Li,Yan Li,Fang Liu,San-Cai Liu,Ping Lu,Guixing Ren,Chuan Dong 한국식품과학회 2013 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.22 No.6

Quantitative detection of protein, fat, starch,and amino acids in foxtail millet using Fourier transformnear-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was investigated. Foxtail millet samples (n=259) were analyzed using NIRS. Spectral data were linearized with data from chemicalanalyses. Calibration models were established using apartial least-squares (PLS) algorithm with cross-validation. Optimized models were tested using external validation setsamples with coefficients of determination in the externalvalidation (R2val) of >0.90. Residual predictive deviation(RPD) values were nearly equal to or >2.5 for crudeprotein, alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, isoleucine,leucine, and serine. However, for glycine, histidine,phenylalanine, proline, threonine, tyrosine, and valine, theR2val values were >0.83 and RPD values were nearly equalto or >2.0. For crude fat, total starch, arginine, and lysine,the R2val values were >0.70 and RPD values were >1.5. NIRS is a rapid determination tool for foxtail milletbreeding, and for quality control.

Hydrothermal Synthesis, Structure and Thermal Property of a New 3D Zinc Framework Containing 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-tricarboxylate

Xiu-Cheng Zhang,Ling Xu,Bing Liu,Wen-Guang Liu 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.4

no abstract

p38 MAPK Signaling Mediates Mitochondrial Apoptosis in Cancer Cells Induced by Oleanolic Acid

Liu, Jia,Wu, Ning,Ma, Lei-Na,Zhong, Jia-Teng,Liu, Ge,Zheng, Lan-Hong,Lin, Xiu-Kun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.11

Oleanolic acid (OA) is a nutritional component widely distributed in various vegetables. Although it has been well recognized for decades that OA exerts certain anti-tumor activity by inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, it is still unclear that what molecular signaling is responsible for this effect. In this study, we employed cancer cell lines, A549, BXPC-3, PANC-1 and U2OS to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying OA anti-tumor activity. We found that activation of MAPK pathways, including p-38 MAPK, JNK and ERK, was triggered by OA in both a dose and time-dependent fashion in all the tested cancer cells. Activation was accompanied by cleavage of caspases and PARP as well as cytochrome C release. SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor), but not SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) and U0126 (ERK inhibitor), rescued the pro-apoptotic effect of OA on A549 and BXPC-3 cells. OA induced p38 MAPK activation promoted mitochondrial translocation of Bax and Bim, and inhibited Bcl-2 function by enhancing their phosphorylation. OA can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent ASK1 activation, and this event was indispensable for p38 MAPK-dependent apoptosis in cancer cells. In vivo, p38 MAPK knockdown A549 tumors proved resistant to the growth-inhibitory effect of OA. Collectively, we elucidated that activation of ROS/ASK1/p38 MAPK pathways is responsible for the apoptosis stimulated by OA in cancer cells. Our finding can contribute to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor activity of nutritional components.