Hypoxia Mediates Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2 Expression via Induction of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

Manjing Deng,Qian Xu,Zhihua Liu1,Ling Guo,Rui Liu,Rulei Li,Xiang Chu,Jiajia Yang,Jia Luo,Faming Chen 한국분자세포생물학회 2019 Molecules and cells Vol.42 No.11

Periodontitis is characterized by the loss of periodontal tissues, especially alveolar bone. Common therapies cannot satisfactorily recover lost alveolar bone. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) possess the capacity of self-renewal and multilineage differentiation and are likely to recover lost alveolar bone. In addition, periodontitis is accompanied by hypoxia, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a master transcription factor in the response to hypoxia. Thus, we aimed to ascertain how hypoxia affects runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), a key osteogenic marker, in the osteogenesis of PDLSCs. In this study, we found that hypoxia enhanced the protein expression of HIF-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and RUNX2 ex vivo and in situ. VEGF is a target gene of HIF-1α, and the increased expression of VEGF and RUNX2 proteins was enhanced by cobalt chloride (CoCl2, 100 μmol/L), an agonist of HIF-1α, and suppressed by 3-(5′-hydroxymethyl-2′-furyl)-1-benzyl indazole (YC-1, 10 μmol/L), an antagonist of HIF-1α. In addition, VEGF could regulate the expression of RUNX2, as RUNX2 expression was enhanced by human VEGF (hVEGF165) and suppressed by VEGF siRNA. In addition, knocking down VEGF could decrease the expression of osteogenesis-related genes, i.e., RUNX2, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and type I collagen (COL1), and hypoxia could enhance the expression of ALP, COL1, and osteocalcin (OCN) in the early stage of osteogenesis of PDLSCs. Taken together, our results showed that hypoxia could mediate the expression of RUNX2 in PDLSCs via HIF-1α-induced VEGF and play a positive role in the early stage of osteogenesis of PDLSCs

p38 MAPK Signaling Mediates Mitochondrial Apoptosis in Cancer Cells Induced by Oleanolic Acid

Liu, Jia,Wu, Ning,Ma, Lei-Na,Zhong, Jia-Teng,Liu, Ge,Zheng, Lan-Hong,Lin, Xiu-Kun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.11

Oleanolic acid (OA) is a nutritional component widely distributed in various vegetables. Although it has been well recognized for decades that OA exerts certain anti-tumor activity by inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, it is still unclear that what molecular signaling is responsible for this effect. In this study, we employed cancer cell lines, A549, BXPC-3, PANC-1 and U2OS to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying OA anti-tumor activity. We found that activation of MAPK pathways, including p-38 MAPK, JNK and ERK, was triggered by OA in both a dose and time-dependent fashion in all the tested cancer cells. Activation was accompanied by cleavage of caspases and PARP as well as cytochrome C release. SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor), but not SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) and U0126 (ERK inhibitor), rescued the pro-apoptotic effect of OA on A549 and BXPC-3 cells. OA induced p38 MAPK activation promoted mitochondrial translocation of Bax and Bim, and inhibited Bcl-2 function by enhancing their phosphorylation. OA can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent ASK1 activation, and this event was indispensable for p38 MAPK-dependent apoptosis in cancer cells. In vivo, p38 MAPK knockdown A549 tumors proved resistant to the growth-inhibitory effect of OA. Collectively, we elucidated that activation of ROS/ASK1/p38 MAPK pathways is responsible for the apoptosis stimulated by OA in cancer cells. Our finding can contribute to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor activity of nutritional components.

Mental health conditions in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and Meta-analysis

Xiaotong Liu,Xiao Wang,Xinlei Jia,Ya Bin Wei,Jia Jia Liu 한국간호과학회 2023 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.11

Depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment in patients with systematic lupus erythematosus: The mediating role of sleep quality and the moderating role of complement

Xiaotong Liu,Yane Lu,Xinlei Jia,Ya Bin Wei,Xiao Wang,Jia Jia Liu 한국간호과학회 2023 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.11

국제상사중재상 택일조항과 기판력원칙의 적용에 관한 고찰

류쟈쟈(Jia-Jia Liu),한낙현(Nak-Hyun Han) 한국국제상학회 2023 國際商學 Vol.38 No.1

본 연구에서는 국제상사중재에서 자주 쟁점이 되고 있는 기판력조항과 택일조항을 분석하고, 이들 조항과 관련하여 쟁점이 된 Iberdrola v. Guatemala(Ⅱ) 사건을 분석한 후 그 시사점을 제시하고 있다. 이 사건에서 ① 기판력(res judicata)의 문제는 국제법과 중재지법(스위스법)에 근거하여 판정되었다. ② 3중 동일성 기준(triple identity test)에 근거해 전 ICSID 중재의 관할권 부정 판정의 기판력을 인정하고, UNCITRAL 중재에서 신청인의 청구가 차단되었다. ③ 투자조약상에는 명시적인 택일(fork in the road) 조항이 존재하지 않았지만, 해석에 의해 택일조항의 존재를 인정한 후에 그것을 적용하여 관할권을 부정했다. ④ 반소에 대해 투자조약과 중재규칙이 모순되는 경우에 있어서는 전자가 우선한다고 해, 반소를 할 권리를 피신청국은 갖지 않는다고 판정했다는 점에서 의의가 있다고 본다. Purpose: By analyzing the res judicata principle and the fork-in-the-road clause, which are frequently at issue in international commercial arbitration, this study presents the implications related to these clauses after analysis of Iberdrola v. Guatemala (II). Research design, data, and methodology: This study mainly adopts the literature research method, and utilizes domestic and foreign literature as well as Internet data. Results: ① The issue of res judicata was decided based on international law and the law of the place of arbitration (Swiss law). ② Based on the triple identity test, the ICSID recognized the arbitration’s denial of jurisdiction under the res judicata principle, and the UNCITRAL claimant was blocked in arbitration. Conclusions: It is meaningful that it was decided that the respondent country does not have the right to file a counterclaim, saying that the former takes precedence in cases where the investment treaty and the arbitration rules contradict each other.

Agglomeration of particles during coal combustion in multistage spouted fluidized tower

Jia-Xun Liu,Jian-Min Gao,Xiao-Feng Wang,Shao-Hua Wu,Ji-Hui Gao 한국화학공학회 2009 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.26 No.3

An experimental platform of spray agglomeration has been designed and built for removing small fly ash particles (PM10) from coal combustion. Systematic experiments were conducted in a multistage spouted tower using kinds of agglomerant solutions. The particle concentration increases greatly from the first stage to the second stage of the tower. With the increase of flue gas flow rate the oscillation of impulse signal response curves increases and the internal circulation of the tower intensifies. The influencing factors such as the surfactant, PH value, flow rate of the agglomerant solutions and inlet flue gas temperature were analyzed. SEM was used to analyze the microstructure of the particles. Final results indicate that the special shape of a multistage spouted fluidized tower has significant influences on the effect of agglomeration. The findings from this work will be helpful to form the basis, and provide guidance for, further studies on the control of fine particles such as PM2.5 or even smaller.

Continuous supply of recycled Pacific oceanic materials in the source of Cenozoic basalts in SE China: the Zhejiang case

Liu, Shao-Chen,Xia, Qun-Ke,Choi, Sung Hi,Deloule, Etienne,Li, Pei,Liu, Jia Springer-Verlag 2016 Contributions to mineralogy and petrology Vol.171 No.12

<P>Various enriched recycled oceanic components in the source of Cenozoic intra-plate alkaline basalts from eastern China were identified by previous studies. Due to the existence of a stagnant subducted Pacific slab in the mantle transition zone beneath eastern China, it is logical to connect the stagnant slab to the recycled oceanic materials. However, the recycled oceanic materials could also result from ancient subduction events (e.g., Paleo-Tethyan, Paleo-Asian or Izanagi plate subduction) because enriched geochemical signatures of a recycled slab can be preserved in the mantle for longer than 1 Gyr. Investigating the temporal variations of the recycled oceanic materials in the mantle source is a useful way to trace the origin of the basalts. In this article, we have conducted a detailed geochemical study, including major and trace elements and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes, on two alkaline basalt groups from Zhejiang, SE China, which erupted 26-17 Ma and after 11 Ma, respectively. In particular, we recovered the H2O content of the initial magmas based on the H2O content of the clinopyroxene (cpx) phenocrysts and the partition coefficients of H2O between cpx and basaltic melts. The H2O contents of the Zhejiang basalts range from 1.3 to 2.6 (wt.%), which fall within the range of back-arc basin or island arc basalts. The older basalts are more alkaline and have lower Si and Al contents; higher trace element concentrations; higher La/Yb, Ce/Pb and Nb/La ratios; lower H2O/Ce and Ba/Th ratios; and stronger negative K, Pb, Hf and Ti anomalies than the younger ones. The co-relationships between Ba/La, H2O/Ce, Nb/La, Ce/Pb and Ba/Th in the two groups of the Zhejiang basalts indicate that a recycled dehydrated oceanic alkaline basalt component is needed in the source of the older rocks, along with a depleted mantle component. Meanwhile, an additional recycled dehydrated sediment component was required in the source of the younger rocks. The temporal change in the recycled oceanic materials in the mantle sources of Zhejiang Cenozoic basalts demonstrates that the recycled components can only originate in the stagnant Pacific slab that is the only plate subducted since 100 Ma in this area.</P>

중국 소비자의 패션상품 선택기준과 정보원 이용에 따른 한국 패션상품 온라인 구매대행 서비스 만족도: 상해지역 20-30대를 중심으로

Jia Liu,Choon-Sup Hwang 한국유통과학회 2016 유통과학연구 Vol.14 No.11

Purpose - In order to collect information needed for the establishment of more effective marketing strategies of on-line purchasing agent services targeting Chinese consumers, the study investigated the relationship among Chinese selection criteria. They included fashion products, use of information source, and satisfaction with on-line purchasing agent services. The study also identified the differences in the Chinese selection criteria of fashion products, use of information source, and the satisfaction level with on-line purchasing agent services according to their age and gender. Research design, data, and methodology - The study was implemented through a normative-descriptive survey method using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were collected from February 9 to 28, 2016, and analyzed by factor analysis, ANOVA and Duncan test, t-test, and multiple regression analysis. Results - Differences were found in selection criteria of fashion products and use of information sources among groups. Thirty's age group was concerned about price/brand more than the twenty’s were. Twenty’s were concerned about practicality/quality of the products more than the thirty’s. Hallyu/broadcasting was used by men more than by women as an information source of Korean fashion. SNS/WOM(word of mouth) was used more by women than by man. Twenty's showed lower level of satisfaction with customer services/credibility than other factors. The thirty's showed lower level of satisfaction with informational role of the service than other factors. Those who utilize each type of fashion information source more showed higher satisfaction level with on-line purchasing agent service of Korean fashion products.. In general, according to the selection criteria and use of information, there were differences in satisfaction with on-line purchasing agent service of Korean fashion products. Conclusions - Considering the findings of the study, as well as age, gender, selection criteria and use of information source, Chinese consumers could be used as a criteria of market segmentation for on-line purchasing agent services of Korean fashion products. The results manifested that there is a need to differentiate marketing strategies according to the satisfaction levels with each satisfaction factors of on-line purchasing agent service of Korean fashion products.

A Bidirectional Dual Buck-Boost Voltage Balancer with Direct Coupling Based on a Burst-Mode Control Scheme for Low-Voltage Bipolar-Type DC Microgrids

Liu, Chuang,Zhu, Dawei,Zhang, Jia,Liu, Haiyang,Cai, Guowei The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.6

DC microgrids are considered as prospective systems because of their easy connection of distributed energy resources (DERs) and electric vehicles (EVs), reduction of conversion loss between dc output sources and loads, lack of reactive power issues, etc. These features make them very suitable for future industrial and commercial buildings' power systems. In addition, the bipolar-type dc system structure is more popular, because it provides two voltage levels for different power converters and loads. To keep voltage balanced in such a dc system, a bidirectional dual buck-boost voltage balancer with direct coupling is introduced based on P-cell and N-cell concepts. This results in greatly enhanced system reliability thanks to no shoot-through problems and lower switching losses with the help of power MOSFETs. In order to increase system efficiency and reliability, a novel burst-mode control strategy is proposed for the dual buck-boost voltage balancer. The basic operating principle, the current relations, and a small-signal model of the voltage balancer are analyzed under the burst-mode control scheme in detail. Finally, simulation experiments are performed and a laboratory unit with a 5kW unbalanced ability is constructed to verify the viability of the bidirectional dual buck-boost voltage balancer under the proposed burst-mode control scheme in low-voltage bipolar-type dc microgrids.

Composition modulation of Cu/Cu2O/CuO nanoparticles supported on carbon for p-nitrophenol reduction

Jia Li,Wei Liu,Yongxin Ding,Likui Liu,Fang Li,Qiming Li 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.6

Porous carbon supported Cu/Cu2O/CuO ternary catalysts were fabricated by pyrolysis, in which composition modulation of Cu/Cu2O/CuO was successfully realized by adjusting annealing atmosphere. The correlation between annealing atmosphere and composition of Cu/Cu2O/CuO ternary nanoparticles was deeply investigated. XRD and SEM measurement shows that the composition proportion of Cu/Cu2O/CuO can be effectively controlled by adjusting the annealing atmosphere. HR-TEM and EDS analysis showed that Cu/Cu2O/CuO ternary nanoparticles are highly dispersed into the carbon matrix and harvest more hetero-junction active sites. The effect of Cu/Cu2O/CuO composition on their catalytic activity was investigated in catalytic reduction from p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol. The experimental result indicated that the catalytic activity of Cu/Cu2O/CuO ternary catalysts exhibits higher catalytic activity than Cu2O/CuO or CuO particles. This work provides a new strategy for synthesizing and modulating porous carbon-supported Cu/Cu2O/CuO ternary nanoparticles.