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Koichi Inukai,Akihiro Usui,Yu Hashimoto,Fumitaka Kato,Koji Amano,Hiroyuki Kayata,Nobutaka Mukai,Naoki Shinyama 대한외상중환자외과학회 2022 Journal of Acute Care Surgery Vol.12 No.3
Purpose Despite widespread adoption of open abdominal management (OAM), there is currently no threshold criterion for OAM duration for non-trauma patients. Moreover, there is a positive relationship between morbidity and the duration of OAM, but an uncertain relationship with patients’ age. Therefore, a novel clinical index for the duration of open abdominal management (IDOM) was developed based on the patient’s age and risk of severe complications following OAM to indicate the maximum tolerable number of days of OAM based on the individual’s age. The utility of this new index was evaluated. Methods This retrospective study included 65 non-trauma patients managed with an open abdomen (OA) from August 2015 to August 2018. The IDOM was developed based on the patient’s age. The result indicated the maximum number of OA days. Patients’ demographic and operative variables were examined and patient data was assigned to one of two groups according to whether the actual number of OA days was above or below the calculated IDOM. Prevalence of complications between these groups was compared. Measures of validity were employed to assess the utility of the IDOM for patient complications. Results Sixty-five patients were included. The above-the calculated IDOM group exhibited a significantly longer OA and higher rates of wound complications and postoperative respiratory complications compared with the below the calculated IDOM group. The IDOM predicted the incidence of OA-related complications with a sensitivity of 72.4%, and a specificity of 80.6%. Conclusion The IDOM is a potentially useful tool for appropriate duration at the outset of OA.
Keiji Wada,Koichi Kanaya,Yasuaki Murata,Yoshiharu Kato 대한척추외과학회 2015 Asian Spine Journal Vol.9 No.2
Pycnodysostosis is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by osteosclerosis, small stature, acro-osteolysis of the distal phalanges, loss of the mandibular angle, separated cranial sutures with open fontanels, and frequent fractures. One identified cause of the disease is reduced activity of the cysteine protease cathepsin K. A 48-year-old woman with a history of frequent fractures presented with a severe gait disturbance. Radiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and gene analysis were performed. Physical examination revealed open fontanels, and radiographs showed increased bone density. DNA sequence analysis revealed a deletion mutation of the cathepsin K gene. We diagnosed pycnodysostosis based on these findings. The magnetic resonance and computed tomography images demonstrated multilevel spinal canal stenosis due to ossification of the yellow ligament. We performed a laminectomy, and the patient’s neurological signs and symptoms improved. To our knowledge, this is the first case of pycnodysostosis with ossification of the yellow ligament.
Shun Sawatsubashi,Koichi Nishimura,Jinichi Mori,Alexander Kouzmenko,Shigeaki Kato 대한골대사학회 2019 대한골대사학회지 Vol.26 No.1
Vitamin D (VD) is essential for bone health, and VD or its analogues are widely used in clinics to ameliorate bone loss. The targets and mode of VD anti-osteoporotic actions appear to be different from those of other classes of drugs modulating bone remodeling. VD exerts its biological activities through the nuclear VD receptor (VDR)-mediated transcriptional regulation of target mRNA and non-coding RNA genes. VD-induced gene regulation involves epigenetic modifications of chromatin conformation at the target loci as well as reconfiguration of higher-order chromosomal organization through VDR-mediated recruitment of various regulatory factors. Enhancer RNAs (eRNA), a class of non-coding enhancer-derived RNAs, have recently emerged as VDR target gene candidates that act through reorganization of chromatin looping to induce enhancer-promoter interaction in activation of mRNA-encoding genes. This review outlines the molecular mechanisms of VD actions mediated by the VDR and suggests novel function of eRNAs in VDR transactivation.
Large Eddy Simulation of the Dynamic Response of an Inducer to Flow Rate Fluctuations
Kang, Dong-Hyuk,Yonezawa, Koichi,Ueda, Tatsuya,Yamanishi, Nobuhiro,Kato, Chisachi,Tsujimoto, Yoshinobu Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2009 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.2 No.4
A Large Eddy Simulation (LES) of the flow in an inducer is carried out under flow rate oscillations. The present study focuses on the dynamic response of the backflow and the unsteady pressure performance to the flow rate fluctuations under non-cavitation conditions. The amplitude of angular momentum fluctuation evaluated by LES is larger than that evaluated by RANS. However, the phase delay of backflow is nearly the same as RANS calculation. The pressure performance curve exhibits a closed curve caused by the inertia effect associated with the flow rate fluctuations. Compared with simplified one dimensional evaluation of the inertia component, the component obtained by LES is smaller. The negative slope of averaged performance curve becomes larger under unsteady conditions. From the conservations of angular momentum and energy, an expression useful for the evaluation of unsteady pressure rise was obtained. The examination of each term of this expression show that the apparent decrease of inertia effects is caused by the response delay of Euler's head and that the increase of negative slope is caused by the delay of inertial term associated with the delay of backflow response. These results are qualitatively confirmed by experiments.
Drop Metastasis of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Producing Pituitary Carcinoma to the Cauda Equina
Kenichi Takeuchi,Yoko Hagiwara,Koichi Kanaya,Keiji Wada,Masahiro Shiba,Yoshiharu Kato 대한척추외과학회 2014 Asian Spine Journal Vol.8 No.5
The diagnosis of pituitary carcinoma cannot be made easily histologically, and most cases of pituitary carcinoma are diagnosed only after the clinical detection of metastasis. Distant metastasis of pituitary tumor occurs in 0.1% to 0.2% of cases and has been reported in the liver, bone and central nervous system, with only one case of metastasis to the cauda equine reported. This study describes a rare case of the drop metastasis of adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing pituitary adenocarcinoma to the cauda equina, causing cauda equina syndrome.
Ota, Miho,Ogura, Jun,Ogawa, Shintaro,Kato, Koichi,Matsuda, Hiroshi,Kunugi, Hiroshi 대한핵의학회 2018 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.52 No.3
Purpose Intracranial administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is known to elicit a rapid innate immune response, activate glial cells in the brain, and induce depression-like behavior. However, no study has focused on the changes in glial cells induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS in vivo. Methods Ten adult male Fischer F344 rats underwent [$^{11}C$]PK11195 PET before and 2 days after intraperitoneal injection of LPS to evaluate the changes in glial cells. The difference in standardized uptake values (SUV) of [$^{11}C$]PK11195 between before and after injection was determined. Results There was a cluster of brain regions that showed significant reductions in SUV. This cluster included the bilateral striata and bilateral frontal regions, especially the somatosensory areas. Conclusions Changes in activity of glial cells induced by the intraperitoneal injection of LPS were detected in vivo by [$^{11}C$]PK11195 PET. Intraperitoneal injection of LPS is known to induce depression, and further studies with [$^{11}C$]PK11195 PET would clarify the relationships between neuroinflammation and depression.
Maho Yagi-Utsumi,Pornthip Boonsri,Yoshiki Yamaguchi,Koichi Kato 한국당과학회 2012 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1
Glycolipids offer recognition sites of a variety of proteins such as antibodies and microbial toxins, thereby playing physiological and pathological roles on cell membrane surfaces.Therefore, these glycolipid-protein interaction systems could be potential therapeutic targets for various diseases, including bacterial infections and neurodegenerative disorders [1]. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of molecular recognition between glycolipids and proteins, we investigatedthe interaction between sarcotoxin IA and lipid Aas a model system to characterize conformational transitions and intermolecular interactions of the membrane-binding peptides promoted on glycolipids. Lipid A is a major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and can be a recognition target in the innate immune system. This molecule can also serve as targets of sarcotoxin IA, which is a 39-residue cecropin-type antibacterial peptide from Sarcophaga peregrina. In order to obtain structural information at atomic level, we expressed sarcotoxin IA peptides in Escherichia coli to achieve 13C- and15N-labeling for detailed NMR analyses. We observed NMR spectral changes of sarcotoxin IA upon interacting with lipid A, which was embeded in micelles composed of dodecylphosphocholine. Our spectroscopic data revealed that the N-terminal segment of sarcotoxin IA was converted from random- coil to an amphiphilic α-helix upon specific binging to lipid A. By inspecting chemical shift perturbation data, we successfully identified key lysine residues involved in interaction with lipid A and consequent antibacterial activity.
Kotaro Yanagi,Yukiko Kamiya,Toshihiko Kitajima,Takumi Yamaguchi,Yasunori Chiba,Koichi Kato 한국당과학회 2012 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1
High-mannose-type oligosaccharides are enzymatically trimmed in the endoplasmic reticulum, giving rise to various processing intermediates with exposure of specific glycotopes that are recognized by a series of lectins involved in glycoprotein-fate determination in cells. Atomic information of dynamic oligosaccharide conformations is essential for a quantitative understanding of energetics of the carbohydrate-lectin interactions. Although carbohydrate NMR spectroscopy is useful for characterizing such conformational dynamics, it is often hampered by poor spectral resolution and the lack of recombinant technique to produce homogeneous glycoforms. To overcome these difficulties, we have recently developed a methodology for preparation of a homogeneous high-mannose-type oligosaccharide with 13C labeling using genetically engineered yeast strain. We herein successfully extended this method to overexpression of 13C-lebeled Man9GlcNAc2 (M9) using a newly engineered yeast strain with deletion of four genes involved in N-glycan processing. This enabled high-field NMR analyses of 13C-labeld M9 in comparison with its processing product M8B, which lacks the terminal mannose residue ManD2. Long-range NOE data indicated that the outer branches can interact with the core in both glycoforms and such foldback conformations are enhanced upon the removal of ManD2. The observed conformational variabilities might be associated with the lectins and the glycan-trimming enzymes.