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Moment Whirl due to Leakage Flow in the Back Shroud Clearance of a Rotor
Tsujimoto, Yoshinobu,Ma, Zhenyue,Song, Bing-Wei,Horiguchi, Hironori Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2010 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.3 No.3
Recent studies on the moment whirl due to leakage flow in the back shroud clearance of hydro-turbine runners or centrifugal pump impellers are summarized. First, destabilizing effect of leakage flow is discussed for lateral vibrations using simplified models. Then it is extended to the case of whirling motion of an overhung rotor and the criterion for the instability is obtained. The fluid moment caused by a leakage clearance flow between a rotating disk and a stationary casing was obtained by model tests under whirling and precession motion of the disk. It is shown that the whirl moment always destabilizes the whirl motion of the overhung rotor while the precession moment destabilizes the precession only when the precession speed is less than half the rotor speed. Then vibration analyses considering both whirl and precession are made by using the hydrodynamic moments determined by the model tests. For larger overhung rotors, the whirl moment is more important and cause whirl instability at all rotor speed. On the other hand, for smaller overhung rotors, the precession moment is more important and cancels the destabilizing effect of the whirl moment.
Cavitation Instabilities in Turbopump Inducers
Tsujimoto, Yoshinobu,Horiguchi, Hironori,Yonezawa, Koichi 한국유체기계학회 2010 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.3 No.2
Stability analyses of 1-3 dimensional cavitating flow through turbopump inducers are reviewed with a special focus on the cause of cavitation instabilities. In one-dimensional analysis, cavitation is modeled with the cavitation compliance, defined as the decrease of cavity volume due to the increase of inlet pressure, and the mass flow gain factor, defined as the decrease of cavity volume due to the increase of flow rate. It was shown that the positive mass flow gain factor is the cause of cavitation surge and rotating cavitation. In two-dimensional stability analysis, the blade surface cavity is modeled by a free streamline with a constant pressure. It is shown that various modes of cavitation instabilities start to occur when the cavity length becomes about 65% of the blade spacing. It was found that there is a region near the cavity trailing edge in which the incidence angle to the next blade is decreased. This flow occurs to satisfy the continuity equation near the cavity closure. The cavitation instabilities start to occur when this region starts to interact with the leading edge of the next blade. In three-dimensional real flows, cavitation occurs mostly near the tip. Cavitation instabilities are simulated by three dimensional unsteady cavitating CFD. By separating out the disturbance caused by cavitation, it was found that there exists a flow component towards the trailing edge of tip cavities to fill up the volume of collapsing bubbles. This disturbance flow has an effect to reduce the incidence angle to the next blade. It was found that cavitation instabilities start to occur when this disturbance flow starts to interact with the leading edge of the next blade. So, it was found that the steady cavity length at the tip is the most important parameter in three dimensional real flow. Thus, it was found that the continuity equation plays the most important role in the mechanism of cavitation instabilities in 1-3 dimensional flows.
Anacardic Acids and Ferric Ion Chelation
Tsujimoto, Kazuo,Hayashia, Akio,Ha, Tae Joung,Kubo, Isao Verlag der Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung 2007 Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. Section C Vol.62 No.9
<P>6-Pentadeca(e)nylsalicylic acids isolated from the cashew Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae), commonly known as anacardic acids, inhibited the linoleic acid peroxidation catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (EC 1.13.11.12, type 1) competitively without prooxidant effects. Their parent compound, salicylic acid, did not have this inhibitory activity up to 800 μm, indicating that the pentadeca(e)nyl group is an essential element to elicit the activity. The inhibition is attributed to its ability to chelate iron in the enzyme. Thus, anacardic acids chelate iron in the active site of the enzyme and then the hydrophobic tail portion slowly begins to interact with the hydrophobic domain close to the active site. Formation of the anacardic acids-ferric ion complex was detected in the ratio of 2:1 as the base peak in the negative ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Hence, anacardic acids inhibit both Eox and Ered forms.</P>
Effects of Acoustic Resonance and Volute Geometry on Phase Resonance in a Centrifugal Fan
Tsujimoto, Yoshinobu,Tanaka, Hiroshi,Doerfler, Peter,Yonezawa, Koichi,Suzuki, Takayuki,Makikawa, Keisuke Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2013 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.6 No.2
The effects of acoustic resonance and volute geometry on phase resonance are studied theoretically and experimentally using a centrifugal fan. One dimensional theoretical model is developed taking account of the reflection from the discharge pipe end. It was found that the phase resonance occurs, even with the effects of acoustic resonance, when the rotational speed of rotor-stator interaction pattern agrees with the sound velocity. This was confirmed by experiments with and without a silencer at the discharge pipe exit. The pressure wave measurements showed that there are certain effects of the cross-sectional area change of the volute which is neglected in the one dimensional model. To clarify the effects of area change, experiments were carried out by using a ring volute with a constant area. It was demonstrated that the phase resonance occurs for both interaction modes travelling towards/away from the volute. The amplitude of travelling wave grows towards the volute exit for the modes rotating towards the volute exit, in the same direction as the impeller. However, a standing wave is developed in the volute for the modes rotating away from the volute exit in the opposite direction as the impeller, as a result of the interaction of a growing wave while travelling towards the tongue and a reflected wave away from the tongue.
Cavitation Instabilities of Hydrofoils and Cascades
Tsujimoto, Yoshinobu,Watanabe, Satoshi,Horiguchi, Hironori Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2008 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.1 No.1
Studies on cavitation instabilities of hydrofoils and cascades are reviewed to obtain fundamental understandings of the instabilities observed in turbopump inducers. Most of them are based on the stability analysis of two-dimensional inviscid cavitating flow. The most important finding of the analysis is that the cavitation instabilities depend only on the mean cavity length. For a hydrofoil, the characteristic length is the chord length and partial/transitional cavity oscillation occurs with shorter/longer cavity than 75% of the chord length. For cascades, the characteristic length is the blade spacing and various modes of instabilities are predicted when the mean cavity is longer than 65% of the spacing. In the last part, rotating choke is shown to occur when the cavity becomes longer than the spacing.
Germplasm enhancement for wheat breeding for drought tolerance
Hisashi Tsujimoto 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07
The global population increase causes various problems as food and energy shortage and environmental change. As for food problem, innovative agricultural system is required to double food production for 10 billion people in the mid of this century. We introduced the genome or chromosomes of related wild species to the common wheat by interspecific crosses and evaluated their characters. Some alien chromosome addition wheat lines showed better bread-making quality, kernel mineral contents, or phosphorus-use efficiency. The lines with a chromosome of Leymus were found to secrete a substance to inhibit nitrification, which may increase nitrogen-use efficiency. In addition, we produced multiple synthetic derivative (MSD) populations in the genetic background of several practical cultivars. The morphology of each plant in the population was similar to that of the common wheat variety and relatively regular with each other, which enabled to find QTLs to elucidate tolerance of abiotic stresses. We are cultivating these lines in the North African countries and evaluating.