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Asymptomatic carriage of Clostridioides difficile in pet shop puppies
Yuya Kimura(Yuya Kimura ),Satoshi Kameshima(Satoshi Kameshima ),Naoyuki Itoh(Naoyuki Itoh ) 한국예방수의학회 2023 예방수의학회지 Vol.47 No.2
Crowded pet shops can become infected with various pathogens. Although dog carriers of Clostridioides difficile tend to be asymptomatic, the toxigenic strains sometimes cause gastrointestinal symptoms in humans. The present study was conducted to determine the infection rate of C. difficile in pet shops. The feces of 137 dogs younger than one year of age, collected from four pet shops, were assessed by culture and PCR. Carriage rates of C. difficile in dogs aged ≤90, 91-180, and ≥181 day-old were 12.2% (10/82, 95% confidence interval: 6.0-21.3%), 0.0% (0/42, 95% confidence interval: 0.0-8.4%), and 7.7% (1/13, 95% confidence interval: 0.2-36.0%), respectively. Five C. difficile isolates carried genes encoding toxins A and B, while the remaining isolates contained only toxin B. However, none of the C. difficile carriers had diarrhea. These results highlight the necessity of promoting adequate hygiene precautions in pet shops to prevent infection by C. difficile.
Kimura, Fumiko,Horii, Shigeru,Arimoto, Itsuki,Doi, Toshiya,Yoshimura, Masato,Wada, Masahisa,Kimura, Tsunehisa American Chemical Society 2018 The Journal of physical chemistry A Vol.122 No.46
<P>Microcrystals of ErBa<SUB>2</SUB>Cu<SUB>4</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> suspended in a liquid medium were triaxially aligned by a frequency-modulated magnetic field and allowed a free rotational relaxation after the magnetic field was turned off. In situ X-ray diffraction measurements of the suspension were performed during relaxation, and the temporal change of the orientation fluctuation was monitored via broadening of the diffraction spots. The rotational diffusion constants were determined using the plot of the orientation fluctuation versus the elapsed time of rotational relaxation. The diffusion constants thus determined were in close agreement with those evaluated by the Stokes law but showed slight anisotropy, indicating that the microcrystals studied had shape anisotropy. The present method can provide a useful means for experimentally determining rotational diffusion constants of microcrystals suspended in viscous media. This paper shows that, due to the combination of the initial triaxial alignment and the subsequent monitoring of the relaxation process by means of X-ray diffraction, the diffusion constants along arbitrary crystallographic axes are determined separately.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Recent Development of Various Inorganic Membranes in Japan
Kimura, Shoji The Membrane Society of Korea 1997 멤브레인 Vol.7 No.1
Two membrane-rdated research projects are now being developed in Japan and their main target is to develop new inorganic membranes. The first project is the R & D of membranes for carbon dioxide recovery at high temperature, conducted by the Japan Fine Ceramics Center (JFCC) and Japan Fine Ceramics Association (JFCA) under the supervision by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). The second one is the R & D of membranes for petroleum refinery and chemical processes, conducted by the Japan High Polymer Center (JHPC) under the supervision by the Petroleum Energy Center (PEC). Cooperating with these projects researchers in many universities and research institutes have been publishing many interesting data of inorganic membranes manufactured by various methods. Many such results are summarized and reported.
Comments on heterotic flux compactifications
Kimura, Tetsuji,Yi, Piljin Institute of Physics Pub 2006 The journal of high energy physics Vol.2006 No.7
In heterotic flux compactification with supersymmetry, three different connections with torsion appear naturally, all in the form ω+<I>aH</I>. Supersymmetry condition carries <I>a</I> = −1, the Dirac operator has <I>a</I> = −1/3, and higher order term in the effective action involves <I>a</I> = 1. With a view toward the gauge sector, we explore the geometry with such torsions. After reviewing the supersymmetry constraints and finding a relation between the scalar curvature and the flux, we derive the squared form of the zero mode equations for gauge fermions. With d<I>H</I> = 0, the operator has a positive potential term, and the mass of the unbroken gauge sector appears formally positive definite. However, this apparent contradiction is avoided by a no-go theorem that the compactification with <I>H</I>&neq;0 and d<I>H</I> = 0 is necessarily singular, and the formal positivity is invalid. With d<I>H</I>&neq;0, smooth compactification becomes possible. We show that, at least near smooth supersymmetric solution, the size of <I>H</I><SUP>2</SUP> should be comparable to that of d<I>H</I> and the consistent truncation of the action has to keep α′<I>R</I><SUP>2</SUP> term. A warp factor equation of motion is rewritten with α′<I>R</I><SUP>2</SUP> contribution included precisely, and some limits are considered.
Kimura, Akiko,Martin, Cyril,Robinson, Gertraud W,Simone, James M,Chen, Weiping,Wickre, Mark C,O'Shea, John J,Hennighausen, Lothar American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2010 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.285 No.43
<P>Cytokines control the biology of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitor cells in part through the transcription factors STAT5A/B. To investigate the target genes of STAT5A/B activated by cytokines in HSCs and progenitors, we performed microarray analyses using Lineage(-) Sca-1(+) c-Kit(+) (KSL) cells in the presence and absence of STAT5A/B. Stimulation with a mixture containing IL-3, IL-6, stem cell factor, thrombopoietin, and Flt3 ligand induced Ccn3/Nov mRNA over 100-fold in WT (control) but not Stat5a/b-null KSL cells. CCN3/NOV is a positive regulator of human HSC self-renewal and development of committed blood cells. Without stimulation, the Ccn3/Nov signal level was low in control KSL cells similar to Stat5a/b-null KSL cells. To determine which cytokine activates the Ccn3/Nov gene, we analyzed Lineage(-) c-Kit(+) (KL) and 32D cells using quantitative PCR and ChIP assays. Although stimulation with a mixture lacking IL-3 prevented the induction of Ccn3/Nov in control KL cells, IL-3 alone could induce Ccn3/Nov mRNA in control KL and 32D cells. ChIP assays using 32D cells revealed IL-3-induced binding of STAT5A/B to a γ-interferon-activated sequences site in the Ccn3/Nov gene promoter. This is the first report that Ccn3/Nov is directly induced by cytokines through STAT5A/B.</P>