미생물 포괄 고정화방식을 이용한 수산물 가공공장 폐수처리

정병철,장수현,김종배,김건배,최선남,이근우,정병곤 7개 국립대학교 환경연구논문집 공동발행 위원회 2005 공업기술연구 Vol.5 No.-

Feasibility of simultaneous removal of organic and nitrogen is evaluated as applying microbial entrapping method to treat fish processing wastewater. Treatability test is conducted immobilizing activated sludge from municipal sewage treatment plant to gel matrix made of cellulose triacetate. Stable operation can be possible when applying organic and nitrogen loading rate increasingly to wastewater treatment system composed of anoxic and oxic tank. Organic loading rate and nitrogen loading rate are applied 0.65-1.72kg COD/㎥/d and 0.119-0.317kg T-N/㎥/d, respectively. In case of wastewater from fish processing plant used in this study, it is evaluated that 0.3kg T- N/㎥/d is upper limit of applicable space loading rate because effluent T-N concentration is exceed 60mg/L, legal effluent dishargeable limit of T-N concentration in Korea, when space loading rate is exceed 0.3kg T-N/㎥/d. It is evaluated that nitrification of system is performed efficiently regardless fo variation of applied loading rate because removal efficiency of NH_(4)^(+)-N is relatively constant when the applied NH_(4)^(+)-N loading rate is increased gradually, while decrease of T-N removal efficiency is apparent when the applied loading rate is increased gradually. Nitrate removal efficiency in this study is varied from 98.62% to 99.51% depending on applied loading rate, while nitrification efficiency of oxic reactor is varied from 94.0% to 96.9%. It is showed that COD removal efficiency is varied from 94.2% to 96.6% and T-N removal efficiency is varied from 73.4% to 83.4% depending on loading rate applied in this study.

공중보건적 관점에서 비만증과 과체중에 대한 탐색

김수근,양미현,정동혁 圓光大學校 附設 體力科學硏究所 2007 體力科學硏究 Vol.29 No.-

At the other end of the malnutrition scale, obesity is one of today's most blatantly visible - yet most neglected - public health problems. Paradoxically coexisting with undernutrition, an escalating global epidemic of overweight and obesity - "globesity" - is taking over many parts of the world. If immediate action is not taken, millions will suffer from an array of serious health disorders. Generally, although men may have higher rates of overweight, women have higher rates of obesity. For both, obesity poses a major risk for serious diet-related noncommunicable diseases, including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and stroke, and certain forms of cancer. Its health consequences range from increased risk of premature death to serious chronic conditions that reduce the overall quality of life. Obesity and overweight have been spotlighted from the view of public health, since they are associated with generative system and morbid state caused by chronic disease and conditions, resulting in such malignant effects as even death. Although the morbidity of obesity and overweight depends on epidemiologic characters, they have indeed become a serious global issue. It is therefore vastly required to make continued efforts to improve diet and intensity physical activities from the perspective of public health. For this purpose, it is recommended to change environment to prompt such effects and to present proper criteria concerning obesity and overweight. The intervention methods, particularly, should not fail to provide basic principle for conduct of normal as well as obese people.

고선량 방사선 조사후 치아수복재의 특성변화

이용근,이건일,이성재,박수아,허정무 원광대학교 생체재료·매식연구소 1996 원광생체재료·매식 Vol.5 No.2

To investigate the effect of high dose irradiation on the Vickers hardness number(VHN), color change and wear rate of dental filling materials, esthetic filling material specimens were studied. Six kinds of composite resins and two kinds of glass ionomers(GI) were used. One(CLF) was chemically cured composite resin, and five(HCX, HPL, PHB, POF, PRT and RZI) were light cured composite resins. One(FJT) of GI was chemically cured GI and one(FLC) was light cured GI. The filling material specimens were made according to the manufacture's instructions and were finally polished with Microcloth(Buehler). Half of the specimens were irradiated with 100 Gy radiation using a linear accelerator(Mitsubishi, 6 MV). VHN and CIELAB color were measured before and after irradiation, and wear test were performed for nonirradiated specimens by brushing with toothpaste, From the experiment , the following results were obtained. 1. The CIELAB color difference was significantly different depending on the material(p<0.01), and FLC showed the highest color difference (CIELAB ΔE) of 9.452 and CLF showed the lowest value of 3.642. 2. The VHNs of nonirradiated specimens were 12.22∼73.58 and those of irradiated specimens were 25.53∼84.53. The VHNs of irradiated specimens were significantly higher than those of nonirradiated specimens(p<0.05) except RZI, FJT and FLC. 3. The wear rate of irradiated specimens of RZI, FLC were significantly lower than those of nonirradiated specimens(p<0.05). 4. The color difference after brushing of irradiated specimens were higher than those of nonirradiated specimens except CLF.

한국인 성인에서 Fm θ의 출현 양상에 관한 연구

도정수,신석철,왕성근 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1997 충남의대잡지 Vol.24 No.2

The distinctive theta rhythm that appears at the frontal midline during the performance of mental tasks has been designated as frontal midline theta(Fmθ). Author tried to confirm the appearance pattern of Fmθ in Koean young adults, and investigated the relations among the appearance rates of Fmθ, sex, kinds of mental tasks, characteristics of personality trait, impulsiveness, temperament, and anxiety level. The subjects were 42 healthy male and female students(28 male, 14 female) aged 23 to 25(average age 23.9±0.6). The results were summarized as follows. 1. The individual variation of the appearance and appearance rates of Fmθ were large, and the appearance rates of Fmθ under Uchida-Kraepelin test were ranged 28.6~31.0%, and under reaction time were ranged 4.8%~21.4%. 2. The appearance rates of Fmθ tend to increase under continuous mental task than simlpe concentration. 3. There were no sexual difference in the apearance rate of Fmθ. 4. In the aspect of the anxiety level, the appearance rate of Fmθ seems to bo increased when the person's level of anxiety is low, the excitement strength is high, and less impulsive. 5. In the aspect of the personality, the appearance rate of Fmθ seems to be increased when the person's personality is introvert, the excitement strength is high, and the motility of temperament is high.

안면비대칭에 대한 주관적 인지도와 정모두부방사선사진 분석치의 연관성

안정순,황현식,김창수,김경근 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2001 구강과학 Vol.13 No.3

This study was aimed how posteroanterior cephalometric measurements affect the perception of the patient about his/her facial asymmetry. One hundred orthodontic patients, over the age of 12, who required a posteroanterior cephalogram in the Department of Orthodontics of Chonnam National University Hospital were used as the subject. They were asked if they thought their faces are asymmetrical. Their responses were classified into 5 groups based on the level of asymmetry as follows : Definitely No, Probably No, Don't Know. Probably Yes, Definitely Yes. Nine linear and four angular measurements from each posteroanterior cephalometric radiographs were analysed on the standard of the line between crista galli and anterior nasal spine to show the extent of asymmetry. Through this comparative study, the following results were obtained. 1. As the deviation of menton and the midline discrepancy of the upper and lower jaws were greater, the perception of patients about their facial asymmetry was higher. 2. All the measurements from the group "Don't Know" showed no statistical difference with those of the groups "Definitely No" or "Probably No." 3. All the measurements from the group "Probably Yes" showed no statistical difference with those of the group "Definitely Yes." The above results suggest that it may be helpful for the orthodontic diagnosis to ask patients' perception of their own facial asymmetry.

충수염의 임상적 고찰과 초음파의 유용성

박정배,양혁준,김형수,황성연,박철완,이근 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.2

Appendicitis is the most common acute abdomen in Emergency Medical Center & outpatient department. But sometimes, it is difficult for us to diagnose because of clinically variable symptoms. We reviewed the ultrasonographic findings and analyse 521 cases of appendectomy patients about its distribution of sex and age, seasonal prevalence, clinical symptom and signs, laboratory findings, duration from onset of symptom to arrival at hospital, duration from arrival at hospital to operation, vital signs, operative results, and associated diseases, which were treated at the department of General Surgery & Emergency Medical Center in Chung Ang Gil Hospital from July, 1994 to June, 1995. The results were as follows : 1. The most common age group was second decade. And male to female ratio was 1.43:1. Seasonal variation was not significant. 2. Of 521 cases, 141 cases(27.1%) visited the hospital within 24 hours from the onset of symptom, and 259 cases(49.7%) visited between 24 to 48 hours. 3. In duration from arrival to operation, the cases within 6 hours were 263 (50.5%), the cases between 6 and 12 hours were 131(25..1%). 4. In systolic blood pressure, cases below 90mmHg were 19(3.6%), cases above 160mmHg were 23(4.4%). Below 60mmHg diastolic pressure were 55 cases(10.6%), cases above 110mmHg were 9(1.7%). In pulse rate, above 90 rate/min were 171(32.8%). 5. On admission leukocytosis was found in 413 cases(79.3%) and 342 cases of them were pathologic appendicitis. 6. Ultrasoundgraphy was performed in the 87 cases, but 23 cases were suggested appendicitis. Among 23 cases, 22(95.7%) revealed pathologic appendicitis at ooperation and labortatory examination. Of the 64 cases which were normal on ultrasonography, only 2 cases(3.1%) were proved to be appendicitis. 7. The results of 496 operations without ultrasonography were appendicitis in 390 cases(78.6%), mesenteric lymphadenopathy 36(7.3%), pelvic inflammatory disease 28(5.6%), fecalith 15(3.0%), terminal ileitis 8(1.6%), diverticulitis 7(1.4%), urinary tract stones 5(1.0%), cecal cancer 2 cases, right ovarian tumor 2 cases, tubo-ovarian abscess 2 cases, grater omentum internal hernia 1 case. Our results showed that the sensitivity of ultrasonohraphy was 95.8% and the specificity 98.4% in the diagnosis of appendicitis, It suggests that the ultrasonography is very helpful in the diagnosis & differential diagnosis of acute appeendiditis.

어린이의 저항트레이닝 처방에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 탐색

김수근,양미현,정동혁 圓光大學校 附設 體力科學硏究所 2003 體力科學硏究 Vol.26 No.1

The prescription of resistance training is both a science and an art. Ultimately, individualized training programs provide for optimal changes in the exercise prescription process and result in the best overall training response for the individual. Although guidelines can be given, the art of designing effective resistance training programs requires logical exercise prescription followed by evaluation, testing, and interaction with the trainee. Resistance training prescription is a dynamic process that requires the strength and conditioning professional to respond to the trainee's changing adaptation levels and functional capacities with altered program designs to meet the changing training goals. Resistance training of children has gained acceptance and popularity primarily because strength gains can occur, bone development may be enhanced, and injuries might be prevented in other sports and activities with developmentally appropriate training programs in recently. When designing a program, consider the developmental and physical differences among children, exercise tolerance, and safety issues so that acute and chronic injuries are minimized and the benefits to the participating children are maximized. When prescribed appropriately, resistance training is effective for developing physical fitness, health, wellness and for the prevention and rehabilitation of orthopedic injuries. Because resistance training is an integral component in the comprehensive health promotion program. We have reviewed the positive and negative aspects of children participation in resistance training programs. The benefits to children are reported to be increased strength, endurance, muscle capacity, and flexibility; more energy; and improved self-image and confidence. The negative aspects include some pain or stiffness and other nonspecific problems. The positive and negative aspects of resistance training are therefore very similar to those in adults populations. Scientific investigations have demonstrated that resistance training can be safely and successfully implemented in children. Proper design and progression of a resistance training program for children is vital to optimal benefits from resistance exercise.

여성을 위한 저항트레이닝 처방에 대한 탐색

김수근,양미현,정동혁 圓光大學校 附設 體力科學硏究所 2003 體力科學硏究 Vol.26 No.2

Resistance training, also known as strength or weight training, has become one of the most popular forms of exercise both for enhancing an individual's physical fitness and for conditioning athletes. Individuals who participate in a resistance training program expect the program to produce certain benefits, such as increased strength, increased muscle size, improved sports performance, increased fat-free mass, and decreased body fat. A well-designed and consistently performed resistance training program can produce all these benefits. When prescribed appropriately, resistance training is effective for developing physical fitness, health, wellness and for the prevention and rehabilitation of orthopedic injuries. Because resistance training is an integral component in the comprehensive health promotion program. Although female's absolute strength is less than male's, the difference is greatly reduced if compared on a total body weight or lean body mass basis. This is especially true for the lower body where no strength difference on a lean body mass basis between the genders has been shown. Female's adaptations to a resistance training program are of the same magnitude or even slightly greater than male's for some variables. This means that, in general, resistance training programs for females do not need to be different than those for males, except that the absolute resistance used will be less. Menstrual irregularities may be more prevalent in females performing strenuous resistance activity, as compared to the normal population. However, menstrual irregularities normally cease once strenuous resistance training is stopped. Resistance training can result in many of the fitness characteristics desired by many females of a fit appearance and increased strength and power for daily and sports activities. We have explored the positive and negative aspects of females participation in resistance training programs. The benefits to females are reported to be increased strength, endurance, muscle capacity, and flexibility; more energy; and improved self-image and confidence. The negative aspects include some pain or stiffness and other nonspecific problems. The positive and negative aspects of resistance training are therefore very similar to those in males populations. Scientific investigations have demonstrated that resistance training can be safely and successfully implemented in females populations. Proper design and progression of a resistance training program for females is vital to optimal benefits from resistance exercise. The results of data provided by this research on resistance training for health shows that there is enough existing evidence to conclude that resistance training, particularly when incorporated into a comprehensive fitness program, can offer substantial health benefits which can be obtained by persons of all ages. These benefits, including improvements in functional capacity, translate into an improved quality of life.

2급 응급구조사의 성인외상환자에 대한 처치의 적절성 평가

장문수,어은경,김상현,김창섭,송근정,박한규,유지영,최동섭 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.2

In Korea, EMT have two classified subgroup of first and second degree : EMT-P, and EMT. For the beginning, authorization of the first EMT was made in this year through the EMT educational program. There are 8 items which EMT can perform the treatment without the supervision by a physician. But there was no previous report of pertinent assesment of treatment performed by the EMT. There upon authors have conducted review of assessment done by the EMT in EC setting, and proposed the following treatment application can be used by EMT at the field of accident. The study materials include adult trauma patient older than 15 years, and sustained trauma within 48 hours before visiting Ewha University DongDaeMoon Hospital Emergency Deparment. The duration of study was from Apr. 1 1995 to Aug. 31 1995. the study was conducted by 5 certified EMT. The EMT's performance was evaluated by the attending Emergency Medicine physician. The result were as followings ; 1. Among the total 5532 ED visiting patients during the study period, 1267 were adult trauma patients who recieved treatment within 48 hours of injury. 2. Among 1222 out of 1267 patients have completed performed survey. 3. Male to female ratio was 2.6 : 1, age distribution was from 15 to 87 years old and mean age was 34.6 years old. 4. The MOI showed : MVA (33.1%), blunt trauma (29.9%), slip down (16.8%), penetrating injury(15.4%), and miscellaneous (5.7 %), burn (3.1%), falling down injury(2.9 %), bite injury(1.1%) in order. 5. There were 437 cases of survey completed by the EMT. For assessment of mental status of 3 different method : AVPU, 5 scale mental status and GCS, were correlated with EM physician with 99.1%, 98.6%, 97.7 %, respectively. 6. For 320 out of 437 cases of survey completed, 319 patients recieved treatment by the EMT within 30 minute and 1 patient between 30 to 60 minute of an ED arrival. 7. For those 437 cases of survey completed, 266 patient (60.9%) had adequate treatment and 54 patients (12.4%) had inadequate treatment. 67 patient (15.3%) did not received treatment but it was adequate inway, and 50 patients (11.9%) did not received treatment even though patient required treatment. In cases of adult trauma patients, EMT's mental status assessment was correlated with EM physician's assessment. But treatment done by EMT without the supervision of EM physician was adequate only in 76.2 %. Therefore, continuous education and assessment of treatment performed by EMT in needed to improve field treatment by EMT future.

산사태 발생지역의 경관변화와 주민의식 : 1930년 팔공산 산사태지역을 중심으로 A Case Study of the Palgong Mountain Landslide in 1930

심근정,김재호,김수봉 한국전통조경학회 2003 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.21 No.3

Many landslides have been annual accidents in Korea. Sometimes, these happened to be unforeseeable disasters, the rapidly changing circumstances and the changing of lifestyles of the residents at damaged districts. The main purpose of this research was to analyse impacts of landslide on the landscape changes and consciousness of residents in the damaged areas. Landslide of Palgong Mountain located in the north of Daegu Metropolitan City in 1930 was one of the greatest natural disasters in Korean history causing 200 casualties and swept away 284 houses and cultivated lands of 831,600 pyung(坪). Notably, traces of this landslide remained in Hanbam village, the most damaged village, as stone walls, an embankment and footpaths between rice fields. It also made village people erect a monument of this disaster and perform a special religious service.