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Robust anti-icing performance of silicon wafer with hollow micro-/nano-structured ZnO
Lei Wang,Chao Teng,Jing Liu,왕만상,Liu Guicheng,김지영,Qiwen Mei,이중기,Jingxia Wang 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.62 No.-
A novel silicon-based robust anti-icing surface with hollow micro-/nano-structured ZnO (HMN) is investigated. The droplet could not freeze in 30 min under low temperature of −15 °C, while that performance fails on the nano-structured and smooth surfaces. The cooling period of temperature fields on liquid droplet and the base are observed, which indicates that the air layer has a significant effect on the performance of the anti-icing surface. The results prove that the hollow micro-structure layer provides much more air than the nano-structured layer and induces the maximum thermal resistance, leading to its icephobic property. In this finding, HMN provides large thermal resistance between the base and liquid droplet and easily realizes long lasting anti-icing performance under lower temperature. This new concept is expected to be used in the fields of anti-icing, superhydrophobicity, insulation, thermal resistance, etc.
Jing Xia,Mo Wang,Shiya Zhang 서울대학교 교육연구소 2023 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.24 No.1
Job satisfaction among teachers is important for their motivation to effect changes. However, in China, job satisfaction in early childhood education is a pressing issue, which leads to high attrition rates among preschool teachers. Thus, this study examined the role of school culture regarding job satisfaction and teaching autonomy among teachers as a potential mediator of this relationship in the preschool settings in China. Using survey data from 597 participants and by conducting structural equation modeling, this study found that school culture exerted a direct and significant impact on job satisfaction among teachers, whereas curriculum autonomy mediated the relationships in this regard. The results indicate the need for additional in-depth studies of the job satisfaction of preschool teachers in China, which exhibits a hierarchical structure.