Eucalyptus (gracilis, oleosa, salubris, and salmonophloia) Essential Oils: Their Chemical Composition and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities

Hajer Naceur Ben Marzoug,Jalloul Bouajila,Monia Ennajar,Ahmed Lebrihi,Florence Mathieu,Franc¸ois Couderc,Manef Abderraba,Mehrez Romdhane 한국식품영양과학회 2010 Journal of medicinal food Vol.13 No.4

Essential oils of four different Eucalyptus species (Eucalyptus salubris, Eucalyptus salmonophloia, Eucalyptus oleosa, and Eucalyptus gracilis) grown in southern Tunisia were screened for their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties as well as their chemical compositions. According to gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, chemical compositions of the Eucalyptus species E. salubris (27 compounds; 99.2%), E. salmonophloia (31 compounds; 99.2%), E. oleosa (32 compounds; 97.6%), and E. gracilis (18 compounds; 97.7%) were identified. In the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay, the antioxidant activity was in the range of 12.0–52.8mg/mL, whereas in the 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate assay, E. oleosa (176.5±3.1mg/L) gave the best inhibition result. To evaluate antimicrobial activity, all essential oils were tested against bacteria (two Gram-positive and two Gram-negative), two yeast, and two fungi. Essential oils exhibited an interesting antibacterial activity against all microorganisms tested (activity was better against Gram-positive bacteria) except for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Correlations between chemical composition and biological and antioxidant activities were studied.

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antiproliferation Activities of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Flowers

Jalila Bekir,Mohamed Mars,Patricia Vicendo,Amira Fterrich,Jalloul Bouajila 한국식품영양과학회 2013 Journal of medicinal food Vol.16 No.6

The chemical composition, antioxidant (DPPH and ABTS assays), anti-inflammatory (5-LOX), and cytotoxic (MCF-7) activities from flowers of seven pomegranate varieties (Punica granatum) were investigated. The highest phenolics (330.9 ± 11.3 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight (dw)), flavonoids (29.5 ± 0.8 mg quercetin equivalent/g dw), tannins (30.6 ± 0.6 mg catechin equivalent/g dw), and anthocyanins (0.70 ± 0.03 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent/g dw) content were determined in the Chetoui (CH) variety. It was found that Garsi (GR) (IC50 = 4.9 ± 0.2 mg/L by ABTS assay) and Zaghwani (ZG) (IC50 = 3.9 ± 0.2 mg/L by ABTS assay) varieties exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. For the antiinflammatory activity, all varieties were active; the ZH variety was the strongest (2.5 ± 0.1 mg/L). The CH, ES, and RA pomegranate varieties were not active against human breast cancer cells MCF-7, whereas inhibition was more evident with extracts from ZH and GR varieties (IC50 = 33.00 ± 2.64 and 35.00 ± 4.58 mg/L, respectively). Statistical analysis showed that the variety factor influenced significantly (P < .01) the chemical composition and biological activities of pomegranate flowers.

Antimutagenic Effect of Origanum majorana L. Essential Oil Against Prallethrin-Induced Genotoxic Damage in Rat Bone Marrow Cells

Abdel-Tawab H. Mossa,Amel A. Refaie,Amal Ramadan,Jalloul Bouajila 한국식품영양과학회 2013 Journal of medicinal food Vol.16 No.12

This study aimed to investigate the genotoxic and cytotoxic potential of prallethrin in rat bone marrow cells and the protective effect of Origanum majorana L. essential oil (EO). Our results demonstrated that prallethrin at dose 64.0 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) (1/10 LD50), has a clastogenic/genotoxic potential as shown by the high percentage of chromosomal aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) in the bone marrow cells of male rats, whereas the combined treatment of prallethrin and O. majorana EO resulted in the reduction of the CA (54.54%). The combined treatment also reduced the micronuclei formation significantly. In conclusion, prallethrin can be considered clastogenic/genotoxic and may carry a risk to human health. The study revealed the antigenotoxic and anticytotoxic potential of O. majorana EO against prallethrin-induced genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in rat bone marrow cells.

Essential Oil of Thymus capitatus Hoff. et Link. from Matmata, Tunisia: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis and Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities

Mounira Guedri Mkaddem,Mehrez Romdhane,Hany Ibrahim,Monia Ennajar,Ahmed Lebrihi,Florence Mathieu,Jalloul Bouajila 한국식품영양과학회 2010 Journal of medicinal food Vol.13 No.6

Thymus capitatus Hoff. et Link. essential oil was constituted by thymol (89.06%) as a major component followed by p-cimene (5.04%) and γ-terpinene (3.19%) after analysis by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antioxidant activity assays of the essential oil used in the inhibition of the radical cation 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) and the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl showed high 50% inhibitory concentration values of 1.24±0.05mg/L and 0.59±0.02mg/L, respectively. The essential oil of T. capitatus was tested for antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Salmonella analum, Listeria monocytogenes), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherchia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae), fungi (Mucor ramamnianus, Aspergillus ochraceus), and yeast species (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans) using the agar well diffusion method. It seemed that L. monocytogenes, E. coli, and K. pneumoniae bacteria were inhibited by the essential oil tested. A strong activity was also observed against fungi and yeasts.

Chemical Study and Antimalarial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activities of Melaleuca armillaris (Sol Ex Gateau) Sm Essential Oil

Naziha Chabir,Mehrez Romdhane,Alexis Valentin,Be´atrice Moukarzel,Hajer Naceur Ben Marzoug,Nadia Ben Brahim,Mohamed Mars,Jalloul Bouajila 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.11

This study investigated the chemical composition (by using gas chromatography/flame ionization detection and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, an antioxidant [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl] [DPPH] radical–scavenging assay, and a 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate [ABTS] radical cation–scavenging assay) and the antimalarial and cytotoxic activities of essential oil extracted from leaves of Melaleuca armillaris. Thirty-two components representing more than 98% of the total composition of the essential oil were identified. The main components were 1,8-cineole (85.8%), camphene (5.05%), and α-pinene (1.95%). The antioxidant activity by ABTS assay showed a mean (±standard deviation) 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 247.3±3.9 mg/L, and the DPPH assay yielded an IC_50 value of 2183.6±44.3 mg/L. The antimalarial study indicated that the essential oil had mild activity against the chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum FcB1 strain (IC_50, 27±2 mg/L). The cytotoxic activity of this essential oil was tested against MCF7 human breast cancer cells and was found to be high (IC_50, 12±1 mg/L).

Phytochemical composition, protective and therapeutic effect on gastric ulcer and a-amylase inhibitory activity of Achillea biebersteinii Afan.

Howaida I. Abd-Alla,Nagwa M. M. Shalaby,Manal A. Hamed,Nagy Saba El-Rigal,Samira N. Al-Ghamdi,Jalloul Bouajila 대한약학회 2016 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.39 No.1

Three sesquiterpene lactones [two germacranolides (micranthin and sintenin) and one guaianolide (4b,10adihydroxy- 5b,7b,8bH-guaia-1,11(13)dien-12,8a-olide)] and four derivatives of 3-methoxy flavones (santin, quercetagetin- 3,6,30-trimethyl ether, quercetagetin-3,6-dimethyl ether, and 5,7 dihydroxy 3,30,40-trimethoxy flavone) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract (EAE) of the aerial parts of Achillea biebersteinii Afan. (Asteraceae). Evaluation of protective and therapeutic effects of EAE against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats was carried. Antiulcer activity evaluation was done through measuring ulcer indices, stomach acidity, gastric volume and lesion counts. Oxidative stress markers; malondialdehyde, glutathione and superoxide dismutase were also estimated. The work was extended to determine the histopathological assessment of the stomach. Gastric ulcer exhibited a significant elevation of the ulcer index and oxidative stress markers. The extract attenuated these increments and recorded protective and therapeutic effects against gastric ulcer. Hyperglycaemia increases the mucosal susceptibility to ulcerogenic stimuli and predisposes gastric ulceration. In vitro a-amylase inhibitory assay was applied to evaluate the post prandial antihyperglycaemia activity. The result showing that the EAE has the ability to reduce starch-induced postprandial glycaemic excursions by virtue of potent intestinal a-amylase inhibitory activity. These findings demonstrated the remarkable potential of A. biebersteinii as valuable source of antiulcer agent with post prandial hyperglycaemia lowering effect.