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A. Sanz-Martínez,J. Lasobras,J. Soler,J. Herguido,M. Menéndez 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.113 No.-
Methanol to Gasoline (MTG) process transforms methanol to hydrocarbons within the boiling point rangeof gasoline. The result is a wide spectrum of products (olefins, paraffins, aromatics and naphthenics,among others), with the total conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons and water. Catalyst deactivationby coke is a main problem in this process. This work aims to determine the feasibility of carrying out theproduction of gasoline from methanol in a two-zone fluidized bed reactor (TZFBR). The hypothesis is thatthe formation of carbonaceous deposits (coke) on the catalyst particles can be counteracted by its combustionin the regeneration zone that this novel reactor presents, thus achieving stable and continuousoperation. In this way, both processes (reaction and regeneration) would be being carried out simultaneouslyin the same reactor (process intensification). The comparison of results between a conventional fluidizedbed reactor and a TZFBR shows that the second one actually provides a better stability over time.
A. Díaz Lantada,P. Lafont Morgado,J.M. Munoz-Guijosa,J.L. Muñoz Sanz,J. Echávarri Otero,E. Chacón Tanarro,E. De la Guerra Ochoa 국제구조공학회 2014 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.14 No.4
The combined use of smart materials, complementing each others' characteristics and resultingin devices with optimised features, is providing new solutions in many industries. The use of ingeniouscombinations of smart materials has led to improvements in actuation speed and force, signal-to-noise ratio,sensor precision and unique capabilities such as self-sensing self-healing systems and energy autonomy. Thismay all give rise to a revival for numerous families of smart materials, for which application proposals hadalready reached a stationary situation. It may also provide the boost needed for the definitive industrialsuccess of many others. This study focuses on reviewing the proposals, preliminary studies and successcases related to combining smart materials to obtain multifunctional, improved systems. It also examines themost outstanding applications and fields for the combined use of these smart materials. We will also discussrelated study areas which warrant further research for the development of novel approaches for demandingapplications.
Diaz Lantada, A.,Lafont Morgado, P.,Munoz-Guijosa, J.M.,Munoz Sanz, J.L.,Echavarri Otero, J.,Chacon Tanarro, E.,De la Guerra Ochoa, E. Techno-Press 2014 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.14 No.4
The combined use of smart materials, complementing each others' characteristics and resulting in devices with optimised features, is providing new solutions in many industries. The use of ingenious combinations of smart materials has led to improvements in actuation speed and force, signal-to-noise ratio, sensor precision and unique capabilities such as self-sensing self-healing systems and energy autonomy. This may all give rise to a revival for numerous families of smart materials, for which application proposals had already reached a stationary situation. It may also provide the boost needed for the definitive industrial success of many others. This study focuses on reviewing the proposals, preliminary studies and success cases related to combining smart materials to obtain multifunctional, improved systems. It also examines the most outstanding applications and fields for the combined use of these smart materials. We will also discuss related study areas which warrant further research for the development of novel approaches for demanding applications.
Fernandez-Ayala, Daniel J.M.,Sanz, Alberto,Vartiainen, Suvi,Kemppainen, Kia K.,Babusiak, Marek,Mustalahti, Eero,Costa, Rodolfo,Tuomela, Tea,Zeviani, Massimo,Chung, Jongkyeong,O'Dell, Kevin M.C.,Rustin Elsevier 2009 Cell metabolism Vol.9 No.5
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Defects in mitochondrial OXPHOS are associated with diverse and mostly intractable human disorders. The single-subunit alternative oxidase (AOX) found in many eukaryotes, but not in arthropods or vertebrates, offers a potential bypass of the OXPHOS cytochrome chain under conditions of pathological OXPHOS inhibition. We have engineered <I>Ciona intestinalis</I> AOX for conditional expression in <I>Drosophila melanogaster.</I> Ubiquitous AOX expression produced no detrimental phenotype in wild-type flies. However, mitochondrial suspensions from AOX-expressing flies exhibited a significant cyanide-resistant substrate oxidation, and the flies were partially resistant to both cyanide and antimycin. AOX expression was able to complement the semilethality of partial knockdown of both <I>cyclope</I> (COXVIc) and the complex IV assembly factor <I>Surf1</I>. It also rescued the locomotor defect and excess mitochondrial ROS production of flies mutated in <I>dj-1</I>β, a <I>Drosophila</I> homolog of the human Parkinson's disease gene <I>DJ1</I>. AOX appears to offer promise as a wide-spectrum therapeutic tool in OXPHOS disorders.</P>
Jeong, G. R.,Monge-Sanz, B. M.,Lee, E. H.,Ziemke, J. R. SPRINGER SCIENCE AND BUSINESS MEDIA 2016 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.52 No.5
<P>The two types of ozone, the simulation with interactive (prognostic) ozone using linear photochemistry parameterization (LPP) (INTR) and the simulation with non-interactive ozone using ozone climatology (CLIM), were used in the global forecast model. These two types of ozone were compared with ozone observations from the Aura Microwave Lim Sounder (MLS) and ozonesondes from 16-30 September 2008. The INTR is sensitive to LPP schemes while less sensitive to the time average of initial ozone data. Among three LPP schemes, CARIOLLE, COPCAT, and LINOZ, the COPCAT produces ozone profiles with least differences from MLS and ozonesondes. CLIM overestimates MLS at 200-20 hPa while INTR with COPCAT scheme underestimates MLS ozone above 5 hPa. Over the Antarctic in the lower stratosphere CLIM overestimates MLS and ozonesondes whereas INTR underestimates MLS but overestimates the ozonesonde data. Thus, COPCAT agrees better with ozonesonde data than any other LPP schemes and CLIM. Changing the ozone distribution from CLIM to INTR affects temperature profiles mainly through the modification of differential radiative fluxes. The correlations between ozone, differential radiative fluxes, and temperature are distinguished by altitude (or pressure levels). The correlations are strong or moderate between 3-1000 hPa (lower atmosphere) and weak above 3 hPa (upper atmosphere). This study demonstrates that the simulation of ozone using an appropriate LPP scheme is excellent in overcoming the drawbacks of using climatological ozone profiles that poorly agree with observations in extreme ozone hole events.</P>
P. Sauvan,A. Mayoral,J. Sanz,F. Ogando,M. Garcia,D. Lopez 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
Some of the current accelerator programs such as TechnoFusion, Spiral2 or EVEDA/IFMIF will use low energy particles such as proton, deuteron and alpha. For these projects, the radioprotection studies require a more reliable prediction of the neutron and photon generated by interaction of these charged particles. In this paper, some developments to address this issue are presented. Except for proton, Monte Carlo codes such MCNPX or PHITS use built-in semi-empirical nuclear models to deal with charged particles interactions. Such models, applied to the above mentioned accelerators beam characteristics (particle type and energy), lead to unreliable prediction of secondary particle production. Consequently, there is a need to both generate accurate evaluated data libraries for light ion nuclear reactions and extend MCNPX to handle the evaluated charged particle nuclear data. The MCNPX code has been extended by the authors to handle proton, deuteron, triton and alpha nuclear data libraries. This tool is here presented and applied to analyse the reliability of available evaluated nuclear data for incident deuterons of energies those used in the abovementioned facilities (up to 40 MeV). Deuteron-induced reactions have been chosen because this particle is expected to be used in all these facilities. Concerning target material, copper has been selected as it is one the main constituents of accelerating components and beam dumps. The evaluated nuclear data are provided by the TENDL library, which is the only one available for deuterons with a wide range of target elements, including those of concern for the accelerators here considered. The testing of the TENDL nuclear data is carried out by comparing existing experimental data on thick target neutron yields for the given materials with those computed by the modified MCNPX code using TENDL cross sections. As a result, the assessment of its applicability to radioprotection studies of those accelerators is discussed.
Propagation of Nuclear Data Uncertainties in Transmutation Calculations Using ACAB Code
O. Cabellos,N. Garcia-Herranz,Carlos J. Diez de la Obra,R. Alvarez-Cascos,J. Sanz,F. Ogando,P. Sauvan 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
The assessment of the accuracy of parameters related to the reactor core performance (e.g. keff) and fuel cycle (e.g. isotopic evolution/transmutation) due to the uncertainties in the basic nuclear data (ND) is a critical issue. Different error propagation techniques (adjoint/forward sensitivity analysis procedures and/or Monte Carlo technique) can be used to address by computational simulation the systematic propagation of uncertainties on the final parameters. To perform this uncertainty assessment, the ENDF covariance files (variance/correlation in energy and cross-reactions-isotopes correlations) are required.In this paper, we assess the impact of ND uncertainties on the isotopic prediction for a conceptual design of a modular European Facility for Industrial Transmutation (EFIT) for a discharge burnup of 150 GWd/tHM. The complete set of uncertainty data for cross sections (EAF2007/UN, SCALE6.0/COVA-44G), radioactive decay and fission yield data (JEFF-3.1.1) are processed and used in ACAB code.