H3K27 methylation and H3S28 phosphorylation-dependent transcriptional regulation by INHAT subunit SET/TAF-Iβ

Kim, J.Y.,Kim, K.B.,Son, H.J.,Chae, Y.C.,Oh, S.T.,Kim, D.W.,Pak, J.H.,Seo, S.B. North-Holland Pub ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2012 FEBS letters Vol.586 No.19

Significant progress has been made in understanding the relationship between histone modifications and 'reader' molecules and their effects on transcriptional regulation. A previously identified INHAT complex subunit, SET/TAF-Iβ, binds to histones and inhibits histone acetylation. To investigate the binding specificities of SET/TAF-Iβ to various histone modifications, we employed modified histone tail peptide array analyses. SET/TAF-Iβ strongly recognized PRC2-mediated H3K27me½/3; however, the bindings were completely disrupted by H3S28 phosphorylation. We have demonstrated that SET/TAF-Iβ is sequentially recruited to the target gene promoter ATF3 after the PRC2 complex via H3K27me recognition and may offer additive effects in the repression of the target gene.

Effects of Egg Yolk Antibodies Produced in Response to Different Antigenic Fractions of E. coli O157:H7 on E. coli Suppression

Chae, H.S.,Singh, N.K.,Ahn, C.N.,Yoo, Y.M.,Jeong, S.G.,Ham, J.S.,Kim, D.W. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.11

The objective of this research was to provide the characterization and method for producing anti-E. coli O157:H7 antibodies in egg-laying hens and to determine if the antibody can restrain the proliferation of E. coli O157:H7 in-vitro. Selected antigenic fractions (whole cell, outer membrane protein and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) from E. coli O157:H7 were injected to hens in order to produce anti-E. coli O157:H7 antibodies. The immune response and the egg yolk antibodies of laying hens against the whole cell, outer membrane protein and LPS antigens were monitored by ELISA. The level of antibodies against whole cell antigen monitored through ELISA sharply increased after the initial immunization, and it was found to be maximum on day 49 however, the level was maintained up to day 70. Antibodies (5 mg/ml) directed against the whole cell inhibited E. coli proliferation 10-13 times more than outer membrane protein or LPS. The antibody response against the whole cell antigens appeared to have higher activity in restraining the proliferation of E. coli O157:H7 than antibody against outer membrane protein or LPS. Results reflected that increasing the IgY's in the egg yolk could prevent greater economic losses due to human and animal health from pathogenic bacteria i.e. E. coli O157:H7.

Conjugated polymers containing pyrimidine with electron withdrawing substituents for organic photovoltaics with high open-circuit voltage

Kim, J.,Lee, J.,Chae, S.,Shim, J.Y.,Lee, D.Y.,Kim, I.,Kim, H.J.,Park, S.H.,Suh, H. IPC Science and Technology Press 2016 Polymer Vol.83 No.-

Polymers using 6-(2-thienyl)-4H-thieno[3,2-b]indole (TTI) with high planarity were synthesized and utilized for the photovoltaics. Push-pull types of conjugated polymers (PTTICN, PTTICNR and PTTIFR) containing TTI as electron pushing unit and 2-pyriminecarbonitrile or 2-fluoropyrimidine as electron pulling unit were synthesized. We designed pyrimidine derivatives with strong electron-withdrawing group (C?N or fluorine) for the generation of strong electron pulling property. By the combination with the electron pushing unit, the pyrimidines with strong electron pulling units will provide low highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels for higher open-circuit voltages (V<SUB>OC</SUB>). For the syntheses of the polymers, the electron pushing and the electron pulling units were combined by Stille coupling reaction with Pd(0)-catalyst. The polymers of PTTICN and PTTICNR with CN unit show higher V<SUB>OC</SUB> than the polymer with fluorine unit. The device comprising PTTICNR and PCBM (1:4) with diiodooctane (DIO) additive showed a V<SUB>OC</SUB> of 0.82 V, a J<SUB>SC</SUB> of 6.38 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.53, giving a power conversion efficiency of 2.81%.

소형 제트엔진 배기플룸의 열유동장 및 화학성분의 IR 신호 영향성 전산해석

채준혁(J.H. Chae),이지현(J.H. Lee),이지원(J.W. Lee),하남구(N.K. Ha),김동건(D.G. Kim),장현성(H.S. Jang),명노신(R.S. Myong) 한국전산유체공학회 2019 한국전산유체공학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Because of high levels of infrared signature generated by engine exhaust plume, aircraft can be detected by infrared guided missiles equipped with a modern detector. In order to investigate the characteristics of plume IR and reduce the level of its signature, the exhaust plume around an engine nozzle was calculated with a Navier-Stokes-Fourier computational code. The narrow-band model was employed to calculate the spectral characteristics of the IR signature. Computational models were compared with the experimental results of a micro jet engine. By considering an aircraft flying at an altitude of 20,000 ft, the effects of thermal flow field and chemical components on the IR signature was investigated. As expected, the plume IR signature showed the greatest effect at 4~4.5 μm CO₂ and 5~8 μm H₂O, and the temperature affected the IR signature over the whole band. In addition, the molar fraction change in CO₂ and H₂O resulted in higher variation in plume IR signature.

Si film electrodes with surface-modified Cu current collectors for micro Li batteries

Lee, M.j.,Chae, M.r.,Jeong, J.s.,Noh, J.p.,Ahn, H.j.,Cho, K.k.,Choi, H.k.,Nam, T.h.,Kim, K.w.,Cho, G.b. Pergamon Press 2016 Materials research bulletin Vol.82 No.-

<P>Si film electrodes were fabricated onsurface-modified Cu current collectors using an oxidation-reduction process. Flower-like nanostructures (FLNSs) with diameters of 2-3 mu m and plate-like nanostructures (PLNSs) with lengths of 1 m were formed on the Cu foil oxidized at 423 K for 0.5 h, but only the PLNSs remained after sonication. Reduction of the preoxidized Cu foil at 673 K resulted in the formation of platelike and coral -like nanostructures on the Cu foils reduced for 1 and 3 h and a smooth surface without specific structures on the Cu foil reduced for 6 h. The best electrochemical properties in terms of the first columbic efficiency (85.4%) and the cycle performance (67.3% at 50 cycles) were obtained from the Si film electrode fabricated on the Cu foil that had been reduced for 3 h because the coral -like nanostructures on the Cu foil enhanced the adhesion of the Si film and improved the structural stability of the Si film electrode during the electrochemical reactions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd: All rights reserved.</P>

BAX inhibitor-1 enhances cancer metastasis by altering glucose metabolism and activating the sodium-hydrogen exchanger: the alteration of mitochondrial function

Lee, G-H,Yan, C,Shin, S-J,Hong, S-C,Ahn, T,Moon, A,Park, S J,Lee, Y C,Yoo, W H,Kim, H-T,Kim, D-S,Chae, S-W,Kim, H-R,Chae, H-J Macmillan Publishers Limited 2010 Oncogene Vol.29 No.14

The anti-apoptotic protein, BAX inhibitor-1 (BI-1), has a role in cancer/tumor progression. BI-1-overexpressing HT1080 and B16F10 cells produced higher lung weights and tumor volumes after injection into the tail veins of mice. Transfection of BI-1 siRNA into cells before injection blocked lung metastasis. in vitro, the overexpression of BI-1 increased cell mobility and invasiveness, with highly increased glucose consumption and cytosolic accumulation of lactate and pyruvate, but decreased mitochondrial O<SUB>2</SUB> consumption and ATP production. Glucose metabolism-associated extracellular pH also decreased as cells excreted more H<SUP>+</SUP>, and sodium hydrogen exchanger (NHE) activity increased, probably as a homeostatic mechanism for intracellular pH. These alterations activated MMP 2/9 and cell mobility and invasiveness, which were reversed by the NHE inhibitor, 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl) amiloride (EIPA), suggesting a role for NHE in cancer metastasis. In both in vitro and in vivo experiments, C-terminal deleted (CΔBI-1) cells showed similar results to control cells, suggesting that the C-terminal motif is required for BI-1-associated alterations of glucose metabolism, NHE activation and cancer metastasis. These findings strongly suggest that BI-1 reduces extracellular pH and regulates metastasis by altering glucose metabolism and activating NHE, with the C-terminal tail having a pivotal role in these processes.

Heat, heat waves, and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Kang, S.H.,Oh, I.Y.,Heo, J.,Lee, H.,Kim, J.,Lim, W.H.,Cho, Y.,Choi, E.K.,Yi, S.M.,Sang, D.S.,Kim, H.,Youn, T.J.,Chae, I.H.,Oh, S. Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY Vol.221 No.-

<P>Objective: Cardiac arrest is one of the common presentations of cardiovascular disorders and a leading cause of death. There are limited data on the relationship between out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and ambient temperatures, specifically extreme heat. This study investigated how heat and heat waves affect the occurrence of OHCA. Methods: Seven major cities in Korea with more than 1 million residents were included in this study. A heat wave was defined as a daily mean temperature above the 98th percentile of the yearly distribution for at least two consecutive days. Results: A total of 50,318 OHCAs of presumed cardiac origin were identified from the nationwide emergency medical service database between 2006 and 2013. Ambient temperature and OHCA had a J-shaped relationship with a trough at 28 degrees C. Heat waves were shown to be associated with a 14-% increase in the risk of OHCA. Adverse effects were apparent from the beginning of each heat wave period and slightly increased during its continuation. Excess OHCA events during heat waves occurred between 3 PM and 5 PM. Subgroup analysis showed that those 65 years or older were significantly more susceptible to heat waves. Conclusions: Ambient temperature and OHCA had a J-shaped relationship. The risk of OHCA was significantly increased with heat waves. Excess OHCA events primarily occurred during the afternoon when the temperature was high. We found that the elderly were more susceptible to the deleterious effects of heat waves. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

국내 Human Immunodeficiency virus(HIV) 감염의 역학 및 면역학적 특성

신영오,장영식,허숙진,기미경,김성순,최병선,최민호,전원경,채권석,이영종 국립보건연구원 1994 국립보건원보 Vol.31 No.1

원주지역 남은 음식물의 계절별 성분 함량 및 비육돈에 대한 건조 남은 음식물 급여 효과

채병조,주지환,심영호,권일경,김상헌 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.3

본 연구는 남은 음식물(FW)의 성분변이를 조사하고, 그것이 급여시 비육돈의 성장과 육질에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 실시하였다. 사료화를 위해 기초자료로 활용하고져 FW를 1년간 (월 6회) 수집하였다. 8주간의 사양시험을 위해 삼원교잡종(LxYxD) 비육돈 (54.80±4.60㎏) 117두를 공시하였다 (3처리 3반복, 반복당 13두). 처리는 대조구 (옥수수-대두박 위주사료), 건조 방법에 따른 단순 건조 (simple dry : SD) 및 진공발효 (vacuum fermentation: VF)로서 구분하였다. FW의 건물기준으로 에너지, 조단백질, 조지방, 화분, 칼슘 및 인의 4계절 평균치는 각각 5,11kcal/㎏, 22.92%, 14.31%, 15.48%, 2.7% 및 1.05%였다. 에너지와 단백질 함량은 각각 겨울과 여름에 가장 높았다 (p<0.05). 건조한 FW의 유산균 함량은 SD와 VF 처리간에 차이가 없었다. 사양성적에서는 ADG에서 대조구가 FW이 첨가된 사료에 비해 유의적으로 높았으나 (p<0.05), FCR에서는 처리간에 차이가 없었다. SD와 FD와의 생산성 비교에서는 유의차가 인정되지 않았다. 지육율, 등지방두께, 그리고 기타육질(색깔, drip loss 및 TBARS)에서 처리간에 차이가 없었다. 전 시험기간의 증체 ㎏당 사료비를 살펴보면, FW가 포함된 사료급여군이 대조구에 비해 낮았다. 이상의 결과를 요약해 보면, 남은 음식물을 건조한 후 사료에 20% 이내를 첨가하여 펠렛사료로 급여할 경우 비육돈의 사료비를 절감할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 그러나 FW의 가공시 FD공정은 필요치 않을 것으로 사료된다. A study was conducted to evaluate seasonal variations in chemical composition of food waste (FW) and its feeding effects on growth performance and pork quality in finishing pigs. FW was collected for 1 year ( 6 times a month ) to establish a database for use of FW as a feed ingredient. For a feeding trial (8 weeks), a total of 117 pigs (L×Y×D; 54.80±4.60㎏) were used to evaluate the processing effects of FW. Treatments were: Control (a corn-soybean meal diet without FW), simple dried FW (SD) and vacuum fermented FW (VF). The gross energy, crude protein, crude fat, ash, calcium and phosphorus in FW (DM, average of 4 seasons) were 5,111㎉/㎏, 22.92%, 14.31%, 15.48%, 2.7% and 1.05%, respectively. Among seasons, the energy and crude protein contents were the highest (p<0.05) in winter and summer, respectively. In lactic acid bacterial counts, there was no difference between SD and VF. Pigs fed the control diet grew faster (p<0.05) than those fed diets containing food waster, but not feed conversion ratio. There were no differences in production traits between SD and VF. No differences were also found in dressing percentage, backfat thickness, and pork quality (color, drip loss and TBARS) among treatments. The feed cost (￦/㎏ body weight) was lower in pigs fed FW than those fed a control diet. In conclusion, a pelleted diet containing food waste less than 20% would reduce feed cost in finishing pigs. However, it seems that a vacuum fermentation of food waste is not necessary for diet processing.

E. coli K-12와 O157:H7의 hlyE 유전자의 클로닝 및 과량발현 후 특성비교

채종현,김우연 중앙대학교 유전공학연구소 2003 遺傳工學硏究論集 Vol.16 No.1

Hemolysins are cytolytic toxins found in a broad diversity of organisms. Microbial hemolysins are generally considered to be virulence factors. E. coli harbours a chromosomal gene, hlyE, that encodes a hemolytic 34 kDa protein. The hemolysin E(hlyE) was recently identified in E. coli K-12, a laboratory strain that exhibits no significant hemolytic activity under standard conditions. in order to gain further insight into the complex function of hlyE, MG1655 and 0157:H7 hlyE were overexpressed in E. coli BL21(DE3), which contains T7 RNA polymerase gene under lac promoter. Recombinant E. coli overexpressing the cloned hlyE gene released very small amounts of it into the external medium. The hlyE genes from E. coli K-12 and a pathogenic E. coli strain were identical.