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규칙적인 리듬의 청각 자극이 사회불안 감소에 미치는 효과
김수아(Sua Kim1),송현주(Hyunjoo Song) 한국심리치료학회 2021 한국심리치료학회지 Vol.13 No.2
본 연구는 규칙적인 리듬의 청각자극이 사회불안 감소에 효과가 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 ‘높은 사회불안 집단’ 22명과 ‘낮은 사회불안 집단’ 20명을 선별한 뒤, 각 집단 내에서 실험군과 통제군을 같은 수로 무선할당 하였다. 구조화된 불안 유도 과제인 TSST-G를 사용하여 불안을 유도한 이후, 실험군에만 5분 간 30bpm 의 메트로놈 자극을 들려주었다. 생리적 증상을 측정하기 위해 실험의 처음부터 끝까지 초 단위로 심장 박동수를 측정하는 기기를 착용하였으며, 각 과제 수행 구간별 심장 박동수 평균을 구하였다. 또한 과제 수행 구간마다 불안과 긴장, 회피감에 대해 100점 만점으로 평정하도록 하였고, 암산 이후, 자극제시/휴식 후, 디브리핑 이후의 세 구간에서는 사후반추사고를 측정하였다. 심장 박동수의 기저선과 사전 평가에서 실시한 발표불안 점수를 공변 량으로 두고 심장 박동수 평균에 대해 반복 측정 공분산 분석을 실시한 결과, 실험군의 심장 박동수가 통계적으로 유의미한 수준으로 안정된 것으로 나타났으며 이러한 효과는 낮은 불안수준 집단에서만 유의하게 나타났다. 결론 적으로 본 연구는 비침습적이고 주변에서 쉽게 구할 수 있는 자극을 이용해 사회 불안을 감소시킬 수 있다는 점에서 의의가 있다. This study was designed to see if the auditory stimulation with metronomic beat were effective in reducing social anxiety. 22 high social anxiety group and 20 low social anxiety groups were selected. 11 assigned test/high social anxiety group, 11 assigned control/high social anxiety group, 10 assigned test/low social anxiety group, 10 assigned control/low social anxiety group. After using the structured anxiety induction task, TSST-G, a 30-bpm metronomic stimulation was given to the test group only for 5 minutes. To measure physiological symptoms, the heart rate was measured every second of the experiment from beginning to the end of the experiment, and the heart rate average was calculated for each section of the task. In addition, anxiety, tension, and avoidance were rated at 100 out of every section interval, and post-event rumination were measured in three sections(after mental arithmetic, stimulation/resting, debriefing). As a result of repeated measures analysis of covariance for the heart rate average, the heart rate of the test group was found to be stable at a statistically significant level, and this effect was significant only in the low anxiety group. Also, the longer the subjects listened to the metronomic beat, the effect was clearer. At this time, the baseline of the heart rate and the speech anxiety scale performed in the pre-evaluation were set as covariate. In conclusion, this study is significant in that it can reduce social anxiety using non-invasive and easily available stimuli.
Kim, Hyo-Jin,Lee, Ho-June,Jun, Joon-Il,Oh, Yumin,Choi, Seon-Guk,Kim, Hyunjoo,Chung, Chul-Woong,Kim, In-Ki,Park, Il-Sun,Chae, Han-Jung,Kim, Hyung-Ryong,Jung, Yong-Keun National Academy of Sciences 2009 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.106 No.36
<P>Osteopontin (OPN) is highly expressed in cancer patients and plays important roles in many stages of tumor progression, such as anti-apoptosis, proliferation, and metastasis. From functional screening of human cDNA library, we isolated OPN as a caspase-8 substrate that regulates cell death during hypoxia/reoxygenation (Hyp/RO). In vitro cleavage assays demonstrate that OPN is cleaved at Asp-135 and Asp-157 by caspase-8. Cellular cleavage of OPN is observed in apoptotic cells exposed to Hyp/RO among various apoptotic stimuli and its cleavage is blocked by zVAD or IETD caspase inhibitor. Further, over-expression of OPN, the form with secretion signal, inhibits Hyp/RO-induced cell death. Caspase cleavage-defective OPN mutant (OPN D135A/D157A) is more efficient to suppress Hyp/RO-induced cell death than wild-type OPN. OPN D135A/D157A sustains AKT activity to increase cell viability through inhibition of caspase-9 during Hyp/RO. In addition, OPN is highly induced in some tumor cells during Hyp/RO, such as HeLa and Huh-7 cells, which is associated with their resistance to Hyp/RO by sustaining AKT activity. Notably, OPN C-terminal cleavage fragment produced by caspase-8 is detected in the nucleus. Plasmid-encoded expression of OPN C-terminal cleavage fragment increases p53 protein level and induces apoptosis of wild-type mouse embryonic fibroblast cells, but not p53(-/-) mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. These observations suggest that the protective function of OPN during Hyp/RO is inactivated via the proteolytic cleavage by caspase-8 and its cleavage product subsequently induces cell death via p53, postulating caspase-8 as a negative regulator of tumorigenic activity of OPN.</P>
Hyunjoo Kim,Sun Kyung Kim,Jong-Im Kim,Sunae Kim,Young Suk Jun,Keumok Park 한국융합학회 2018 한국융합학회논문지 Vol.9 No.3
본 논문은 베하스 운동프로그램의 지역사회 여성독거노인에 대한 융합적 효과를 알아보고자 시행된 비동등성 대조 군 전후설계의 유사실험연구이다. 실험군 대조군 사전사후 연구이다. 베하스 운동프로그램은 주 2회 시행되어 4주간 총 8회 실시되었고 통증, 어깨유연성, 악력, 우울과 자살생각에 대한 측정이 이루어졌다. 수집된 자료는 Independent t-test, Chi-squre test, paired t-tests, 공분산분석 (ANCOVA)으로 분석되었다. 실험군의 4주의 실험 전후비교결과 통증(t = 4.044, p = .000)과 오른쪽 어깨 유연성(t =2.192, p=.038), 왼쪽어깨유연성(t=2.568, p=.016)의 통계적으로 유의한 향상이 확인되었다. 실험군과 대조군의 그룹간 비교에서는 자살생각의 변화양상에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 확인되었다(F=7.32, p =.010). 본 연구를 바탕으로 베하스 운동프로그램의 지역사회 여성 독거노인에서의 신체적 정신적 건강증진에 대한 긍정적인 효과 를 확인하였다. This study was conducted to evaluate the converge effects of the Be Happy and Strong (BeHaS) exercise program on female elders living alone, using a nonequivalent control-group pretest-posttest design. The BeHaS exercise program was conducted twice each week for 4 weeks (total 8 sessions). The outcome measures included pain, shoulder flexibility, grip strength, depression, and suicidal ideation. Independent t-test, Chi-squre test, paired t-tests and ANCOVA were used for the statistical data analysis. A statistically significant improvement emerged in pain (t=4.044, p=.000) and right and left shoulder flexibility (t=2.192, p=.038 and t=2.568, p=.016) 4 weeks later. In a group comparison, a statistically significant difference arose in changed scores of suicidal ideation (F=7.32, p=.010) between groups. The BeHaS exercise program may effectively improve the physical and psychological health of female elders living alone.
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization of tetracyclododecene using various catalyst systems
Kim, Jaehoon,Wu, Chun Ji,Kim, Wan-Joo,Kim, Junhyuk,Lee, Hyunjoo,Kim, Jae-Duck Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 Journal of applied polymer science Vol.116 No.1
<P>Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of a polycyclic olefin monomer (tetracyclododecene, TCD) was carried out using various catalyst systems. The catalysts included titanium-based ternary system (titanium tetrachloride, TiCl<SUB>4</SUB>/triethylaluminum, Et<SUB>3</SUB>Al/triethylamine, Et<SUB>3</SUB>N), tungsten-based ternary system (tungsten hexachloride, WCl<SUB>6</SUB>/triisobutyl aluminum, (i-Bu)<SUB>3</SUB>Al/ethanol), and a ruthenium benzylidene catalyst (Grubbs 1st catalyst). The Grubbs 1st catalyst was most active in ROMP of TCD. The tungsten-based catalyst was found to be more active than the titanium-based catalyst. In contrast to the titanium-based and the Grubbs 1st catalysts, ROMP of TCD with the tungsten-based catalyst was very sensitive to gelation in the course of reaction. The effects of ethanol, WCl<SUB>6</SUB> concentration, TCD/WCl<SUB>6</SUB> ratio, and 1-hexane on the polymerization yield and the polymer gel formation were investigated in detail, and optimized ROMP conditions were determined. Chemical structure of synthesized polymer was characterized using one- and two-dimensional 150 MHz <SUP>13</SUP>C and 600 MHz <SUP>1</SUP>H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, molecular weights were measured using gel-permeation chromatography, and thermal properties were characterized using differential scanning calorimetry. Number-average molecular weights (M<SUB>n</SUB>) of the polymer were in the range of 1.5–4.7 × 10<SUP>4</SUP> g/mol, and glass transition temperatures were in the range of 185–220°C. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010</P>
Lee, Hyunjoo,Kim, Kwan Woo,Park, Janghyun,Kim, Hyoungsu,Kim, Sanghee,Kim, Deukjoon,Hu, Xiangqian,Yang, Weitao,Hong, Jiyong WILEY-VCH Verlag 2008 Angewandte Chemie. international edition Vol.47 No.22
<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>A synthetic three-ring circus: The asymmetric total synthesis of (+)-scanlonenyne includes a sequential epimerization and intramolecular hetero-Michael addition for the construction of pyrano-γ-lactones (see scheme; DBU: 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene), a highly efficient one-carbon homologation/bromination strategy, and a Weinreb ketone synthesis/cross-metathesis protocol for the elaboration of a sensitive side chain. <img src='wiley_img/14337851-2008-47-22-ANIE200705663-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/14337851-2008-47-22-ANIE200705663-content'> </P>
Lee, Hyunjoo,Kim, Kwan Woo,Park, Janghyun,Kim, Hyoungsu,Kim, Sanghee,Kim, Deukjoon,Hu, Xiangqian,Yang, Weitao,Hong, Jiyong WILEY-VCH Verlag 2008 Chem Inform Vol.39 No.37
<P>ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.</P>