Electropulsing Treatment on Enhancement of Electrical Conductivity of Screen-Printed Ag Wire

Ju‑Won Park,Howook Choi,Hwangsun Kim,Simoon Sung,Hye‑Jin Jeong,Il Kim,Jaeseok Gong,Sung‑Tae Hong,Heung Nam Han 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.5

The effect of high electric current density on the sintering of Ag wires manufactured by screen printing is evaluated throughelectrical resistivity analysis and microstructure observation. Different forms (continuous and pulsed) of electric currentwith different current densities are applied to the specimens. Conventional heat treatment is also performed as a controlgroup to examine the athermal effect of electropulsing treatment. Compared to the conventional heat treatment, the resistivityis reduced more under the electropulsing treatment with continuous current for the same temperature and treatment time.Also, the process time of electropulsing treatment can be reduced by applying a pulse form of high density current insteadof continuous current without losing the benefit of enhanced reduction of resistivity. The microstructural observationsobtained from high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope and a digital precession instrumentclearly show that necking connecting the crystals is formed more firmly under electric current. In addition, the temperaturechange of Ag wire and substrate is calculated according to the change of the resistivity when the electric current is appliedto confirm the reliability.

월악산국립공원의 곤충다양성에 관한 연구 : 노린재목, 딱정벌레목, 나비목

박성준(Seong-Joon Park),전용락(Yong-Lak Jeon),홍의정(Eui-Jung Hong),윤주창(Ju-Chang Yun),박서경(Seo-Kyoung Park),김병진(Byung-Jin Kim) 국립공원연구원 2010 국립공원연구지 Vol.1 No.3

본 연구는 2007년부터 2009년까지 3년 동안 월악산 모니터링 조사 지점과 동일지구에 대해 정기적인 주간조사를 통해 주간곤충류(노린재목, 딱정벌레목, 나비목)의 종목록을 확보 하여, 월악산국립공원의 생태계에 자연적 혹은 인위적으로 변화된 내용을 측정하여 곤충자원의 체계적인 관리를 위한 자료를 제공하고자 실시되었다. 본 조사기간 동안 채집 확인된 주간곤충류는 65과 404종(노린재목 21과 86종, 딱정벌레목 38과 244종, 나비목 6과 74종)이 조사되었다. 따라서 문헌조사를 포함한 결과 월악산국립공원에 서식하는 것으로 확인된 주간곤충류는 멸종위기야생동물 2종, 고유종 6종, 국외반출승인대상종 10종과 특정종 50종을 포함하여 총 72과 609종(딱정벌레목 44과 368종, 노린재목 22과 126종, 나비목 6과 115종)으로 나타났다. 아울러 조사지점별 분석결과 S3에서 종다양성이 가장 높게 나타났으며, S10은 다른 조사지점과 다르게 종다양성이 현저하게 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 각 조사기간별우점종으로는 2007년과 2009년도에 넉점박이송장벌레, 2008년도에는 더듬이긴노린재로 나타났다. This study were conducted for three years from 2007 to 2009 and at the same points as monitoring surveys, through regular surveys insects (Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera) to obtain the list, to measure and assess Woraksan National Park ecosystem’s natural or artificial change, to provide data for systematic management of the contents of insects. As a result of all the collections were examined, 404 species of 65 family under 3 order were identified. Therefore, the species composition of insect over each result from Woraksan National Park’s was a total of 3 orders, 72 families, 609 species including 2 Endangered species, 6 Endermic species, 10 Management of exotic species and 50 Designated species; 368 species of family Coleoptera which is the highest, 126 species of family Hemiptera and 115 species of family Lepidoptera. Site 3 had the highest indices diversity. In contrast, Site 10 indices diversity, different from the other survey points, were significantly low. In each survey period, dominant species included Nicrophorus quadripunctatus in 2007 and 2009. In 2008, dominant species was Pachygrontha antennata.

월악산국립공원의 곤충다양성에 관한 연구 - 노린재목, 딱정벌레목, 나비목 -

박성준(Seong-Joon Park),전용락(Yong-Lak Jeon),홍의정(Eui-Jung Hong),윤주창(Ju-Chang Yun),박서경(Seo-Kyoung Park),김병진(Byung-Jin Kim) 국립공원연구원 2010 국립공원연구지 Vol.1 No.4

본 연구는 2007년부터 2009년까지 3년 동안 월악산 모니터링 조사 지점과 동일지구에 대해 정기적인 주 간조사를 통해 주간곤충류(노린재목, 딱정벌레목, 나비목)의 종목록을 확보 하여, 월악산국립공원의 생태계에 자연적 혹은 인위적으로 변화된 내용을 측정하여 곤충자원의 체계적인 관리를 위한 자료를 제공하고자 실시되었다. 본 조 사기간 동안 채집 확인된 주간곤충류는 65과 404종(노린재목 21과 86종, 딱정벌레목 38과 244종, 나비목 6과 74종) 이 조사되었다. 따라서 문헌조사를 포함한 결과 월악산국립공원에 서식하는 것으로 확인된 주간곤충류는 멸종위기야 생동물 2종, 고유종 6종, 국외반출승인대상종 10종과 특정종 50종을 포함하여 총 72과 609종(딱정벌레목 44과 368 종, 노린재목 22과 126종, 나비목 6과 115종)으로 나타났다. 아울러 조사지점별 분석결과 S3에서 종다양성이 가장 높게 나타났으며, S10은 다른 조사지점과 다르게 종다양성이 현저하게 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 각 조사기간별 우점종으로는 2007년과 2009년도에 넉점박이송장벌레, 2008년도에는 더듬이긴노린재로 나타났다. This study were conducted for three years from 2007 to 2009 and at the same points as monitoring surveys, through regular surveys insects (Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera) to obtain the list, to measure and assess  Woraksan National Park ecosystem’s natural or artificial change, to provide data for systematic management of the contents of insects. As a result of all the collections were examined, 404 species of 65 family under 3 order were identified. Therefore, the species composition of insect over each result from Woraksan National Park’s was a total of 3 orders,  72 families, 609 species including 2 Endangered species, 6 Endermic species, 10 Management of exotic species and 50 Designated species; 368 species of family Coleoptera which is the highest, 126 species of family Hemiptera and 115 species of family Lepidoptera. Site 3 had the highest indices diversity. In contrast, Site 10 indices diversity, different  from the other survey points, were significantly low. In each survey period, dominant species included Nicrophorus quadripunctatus in 2007 and 2009. In 2008, dominant species was Pachygrontha antennata.

남북 스포츠 교류의 사회문화적 의의에 관한 연구

박종진, 민주홍 忠北大學校 平生體育硏究所 2014 平生體育硏究所 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

The political policies between the two Koreas since the Korean War have resulted in exclusive senses and this aspect affected to politics, society, education and so forth over the last half century or so. Those affected exclusiveness recently appears in sport too, therefore the sports exchanges between the two nations has now almost disappeared from the scene under the modern and present political conflicts. As witnessed in the case of Germany, sports exchanges can play enormously important role to achieve unification of the two Koreas. It was the research intention to understand the transformation of sports policies in two Koreas and to explore changes of sports exchange since the Korean War. The main purpose of the study, therefore is to find out appropriate approaches to the sports exchange towards the two divided Koreas. An inter-subjective discussion has been made analyzing primary and secondary sources. The research outcome are as follows. Firstly, the President Chung Hee Park attempted sport exchange with the North intending nationalistic oriented policy and it was aimed to focus on elites' intensive cultivation considering winning always against the North. This could not accelerated active exchanges moreover, it in fact hindered the exchanges with the North. Secondly, the President Doo Hwan Jeon announced 'national conciliation and democratic unification' and he intended to promote unification policy during his reign. However, the military based government had a limit to continue the policy towards the unification through sport. Moreover, the international politics during the early 80s was in the Cold War and the Korean situation was influenced. Thirdly, during the reign of Dae-jung Kim, his intention towards the unification was often criticized due to various concerns including the misuses of supported material. However, his Sunshine Policy to embrace the North in fact contributed to an active sports exchange between the two Koreas. Various types of competitions and sports events were taken place constantly promoting the national homogeneity. Overall research discussion and result may be able to contribute to finding sound methods to conciliate and to express the Korean national homogeneity in the global society. Therefore relevant researches needs to be carried out for an appropriate way of sports exchange and it may be expected that the sports exchanges will be setting a strong stone for the democratic unification in the near future.

탄소섬유쉬트로 보강된 철근 콘크리트 보의 휨 거동에 관한 실험적 연구

박현정,이홍주,안상호 新羅大學校 2000 論文集 Vol.49 No.-

The purpose of present study is to compare the effect of loading with that of non loading in case of the repair and strengthening R.C. beams with carbon fiber sheet(CFS). The study was performed in parameters of the ratio of tension bars, the effect of loading and unloading in case of the strengthening that with CFS. The strengthening amount of CFS was 1 ply in any case. The results of test were analyzed and the control specimens were compare with loading and strengthened specimens, non loading and strengthened specimens.

꽃꽂이시 절화조합이 장미의 절화수명과 미생물 증식에 미치는 영향

박윤점,정주연,장홍기,허북구 한국화훼연구회 2001 화훼연구 Vol.9 No.2

Various combinations of cut rose and other cut flowers were accomplished to provide basic data for vase life extension of cut rose. The vase life of cut rose combined with other cut flowers was as follows ;rose (8 days) > rose + gladiolus (6 days) > rose + calla (4 days) > rose + chrysanthemum (4 days) > rose + carnation (3 days) > rose + gerbera (2 days). The vase solution of cut rose without other cut flowers had the lowest concentration (1.2×105 CFU/mL) of bacterial cells. On the other hand, The vase solution of cut rose with gerbera had the highest concentration (9.3×106 CFU/mL) of bacterial cells. From the above results, it is concluded that vase life of cut rose is extended by reducing the bacterial cells in the vase solution though the proper combination with effective cut flowers.

발전 및 산업 설비 지원 용접 기술 정보 시스템 개발

박주용,홍성호 韓國海洋大學校 附設 海洋科學技術硏究所 1999 硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Power and industrial plant use various welding processes and many kinds of materials. Thus, it is a difficult task to get the proper welding information. In this research. a welding information system was developed to solve the difficulty. It consists of databases system, knowledge based system and diagram analysis programs. Database system contains a large database and various searching method corresponding to the kind of information. A large part of welding information is managed by this database system. knowledge based system is used for decision of proper welding process and analysis of weld defects. It has conversion program from text to knowledge, and inference mechanism. Finally, Diagram analysis programs carry out the calculation of ferrite content in the weld metal. By the calculation, a crack occurrence can be avoided. The developed system can be a useful tool for welding in the field of power and industrial plant.

The combustion characteristics of vehicle upholsteries

Park,Hyung-Ju,Kang,Young-Goo,Kim,Hong 한국화재소방학회 1997 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.-

Five parts of vehicle upholsteries were sampled to determine its combustion characteristics. Oxygen Indexer, Smoke chamber, Differential Scanning Calorimetry(DSC) are applied as the analysis apparatus. All LOI values of samples appear less than 21. The combustion phenomena of vehicle upholster primarily depends on properties of each layer material. The amount of smoke generated is the experiment reached the maximum value within 30-90sec after ignition. The experimental results of combustion characteristics and DSC of H/Line also indicated that the layer of foam was melt first and it caused the propagation of flame through the sample. The combustion characteristics of multi layer materials primarily depend on thermal characteristic of single layer material.

골격성 Ⅲ급 부정교합 환자에서 양악 수술후 연조직 변화에 대한 연구

박홍주,최홍란 전남대학교 치과대학 1998 전남치대논문집 Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this study was to assess the soft tissue changes using twenty skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion patients who treated with bimaxillary surgery for the correction of dentofacial deformities. Patients were devided into two groups. One was impaction and advancement of maxilla with mandibular set-back (Group 1), the other was downward and advancement of maxilla with mandibular set-back (Group 2). Preoperative and postoperative one year cephalometric data were analyzed and compared. Results obtained were as follows : 1. The ratio of horizontal changes of soft tissue to hard tissue at Nt to ANS, Ls to UI, Li to LI, sPog to Pog were 1:0.60, 1:0.79, 1:0.47, 1:0.63 in group 1 respectively, and 1:0.59, 1:0.48, 1:0.83 1:1.09 in group 2 respectively. There were highly predictable in upper lip, lower lip, and chin. 2. The ratio of vertical changes of soft tissue to hard tissue at Nt to ANS, Li to LI were 1:0.72, 1:0.06 in group 1, and others showed no statistically significant differences. 3. The ratio of horizontal changes of Ls to hard tissue movements at LI(h) was 1:-0.82 in group 1 and at UI(h), LI(h) were 1:0.48, 1:0.01 in group 2. These ratios of group 1 were greater than those of in group 2. 4. The direction of horizontal change of Li was the same as that of hard tissue change. The ratio of horizontal changes of Li to LI was 1:0.47 in group 1 and others showed no statistically significant difference. 5. The changes of upper lip thickness and length were -1.6 mm, -1.4 mm in group 1, and -1 mm, -2.7 mm in group 2. 6. The ratios of thickness of upper lip to ANS, Ul, LI were 1:-0.83, 1:-0.37, 1:0.11 in group 1. There was similar trend in group 2, but there were no statistically significant difference. These results suggest that prediction of changes in soft tissue of upper lip, lower lip, and chin were 79%, 47%,and 63% in group 1, and 48%, 83%, and 109% in group 2 after bimaxillary surgery. There was a tendency of decrease in thickness and increase in length of the upper lip.

수종의 dentin bonding agent가 도재라미네이트용 레진시멘트의 전단 결합강도 및 변연 누출에 미치는 영향

박윤기,조혜원,권주홍 大韓齒科器材學會 1993 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of three dentin bonding agents on the shear bond strength, microleakage, and film thickness of resin cement for porcelain laminate veneer. Dentin & enamel surfaces were treated with three dentin bonding agents such as Scotchbond 2. All Bone 2, and Prisma Universal Bold 2 and were cemented by G-Cera cement for porcelain laminate veneer. For bond strength test, the specimens were stored in 37℃, 100% humidity for 48 hours and shear bond strength was measured with Instron testing machine (model no. 4201) at crosshead speed of 1.0mm/min. For microleakage and film thickness measurement, the specimens were stored in 37℃, 100% humidity for 7 days, thermocycled for 1000 cycles. Microleakage and film thickness of resin cement were measured with inverted metallurgical microscope(PME 311, Olympus, Japan). The results were as follows : 1. The shear bond strength of resin cement for porcelain laminate veneer to dentin was enhanced by the use of dentin bonding agent and All Bond 2 were effective in improving the shear bond strength to both enamel and dentin. 2. All Bond 2 were effective in reducing microleakage of veneers bonded to dentin, approximately to the same degree to the veneers bonded to enamel. But Prisma Universal Bond 2 and Scotchbond 2 failed to limit microleakage at the gingival margin of veneers bonded to dentin. 3. the 40% phosphoric acid in G-Cera system and the 10% phosphoric acid in All Bond 2 appeard equally effective in reducing microleakage of veneers bonded to enamel. 4. There were no significant increase in cement film thickness when using Prisma Universal Bold 2 or Scotchbond 2, but with All Bond 2 slight increase in the cement film thickness were present.