환율, 금리, 주가사이의 동적연관성 연구

홍정효(Chung-Hyo Hong),조혜원(Hae-Won Cho) 전북대학교 산업경제연구소 2010 아태경상저널 Vol.2 No.1

본 연구는 2000년 1월부터 2008년 말까지 콜금리, 3년물 국채금리, 원달러 외환시장 및 KOSPI자료를 이용하여 원달러 환율 및 장단기 금리 변화량, KOSPI수익률사이의 동적연관성을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 실증분석결과 첫째, 콜금리와 원달러 외환시장사이에는 장기적인 균형관계가 존재하고 있으나, 콜금리와 KOSPI, 원달러와 KOSPI사이에는 장기적인 균형관계가 존재하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 3년물 국채금리는 콜금리와 공적분관계가 있으나 원달러, KOSPI와는 공적분관계가 존재하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 3년물 국채금리는 KOSPI 및 원달러 환율간에는 피드백적인 관계가 존재하고 있으나, 3년물 국채금리의 KOSPI 및 원달러에 대한 영향력이 그 반대의 경우보다 상대적으로 더 강한 것으로 나타났다. 세째, KOSPI와 원달러 환율사이에도 피드백적인 영향력이 존재하고 있으나 KOSPI의 원달러 환율변화에 대한 영향력이 그 반대의 경우 보다 더 강한 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 콜금리는 원달러 외환시장에만 영향력을 미치고 있으며, 장단기 금리사이에는 3년물 국채금리가 콜금리에 대한 영향력을 미치고 있으나 그 반대의 경우는 존재하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 여섯째, 전반적으로 4가지 금융시계열모두 호재보다는 악재에 더 민감하게 반응하는 정보의 비대칭적인 특성이 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 실증분석결과는 투자자들의 투자 및 위험관리전략 수립 뿐 아니라 정책당국자들의 통화 및 금융정책수립에 다소 나마 기여를 할 수 있을 것으로 보여 진다. We try to examine on the short term lead-lag relationship between call, KOSPI and won dollar spot markets with a vector error correction model, Granger causality test and impulse response analysis. This paper uses daily return data covering from January 2000 to December 2008. The major results are as follows; First, according to empirical test based on the Granger causality, the returns of won/dollar spot market Granger causes call market but vice versa. Second, we find a bilateral influence between won/dollar and KOSPI spot markets but the impact of KOSPI is relatively more dominant than of that of won/dollar market. Third, we also find that there is no influence between call and KOSPI markets in a statistically significant level. We hope these kinds of empirical results might be helpful for the investors to set up a asset portfolio and risk management system.

Fentanyl Sparing Effects of Combined Ketorolac and Acetaminophen for Outpatient Inguinal Hernia Repair in Children

Hong, Jeong-Yeon,Won Han, Sang,Kim, Won Oak,Kil, Hae Keum Williams and Wilkins Co 2010 The Journal of urology Vol.183 No.4

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>In this prospective, randomized, double-blinded study we sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined use of intravenous ketorolac and acetaminophen in small children undergoing outpatient inguinal hernia repair.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>We studied 55 children 1 to 5 years old who were undergoing elective repair of unilateral inguinal hernia. After induction of general anesthesia children in the experimental group (28 patients) received 1 mg/kg ketorolac and 20 mg/kg acetaminophen intravenously. In the control group (27 patients) the same volume of saline was administered. All patients received 1 μg/kg fentanyl intravenously before incision. We also evaluated the number of patients requiring postoperative rescue fentanyl, total fentanyl consumption, pain scores and side effects.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Significantly fewer patients receiving ketorolac-acetaminophen received postoperative rescue fentanyl compared to controls (28.6% vs 81.5%). A significantly lower total dose of fentanyl was administered to patients receiving ketorolac-acetaminophen compared to controls (0.54 vs 1.37 μg/kg). Pain scores were significantly higher in the control group immediately postoperatively but eventually decreased. The incidences of sedation use (55.6% vs 25.0%) and vomiting (33.3% vs 10.7%) were significantly higher in controls.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Preoperative intravenous coadministration of ketorolac and acetaminophen is a simple, safe and effective method for relieving postoperative pain, and demonstrates highly significant fentanyl sparing effects in small children after outpatient inguinal hernia repair.</P>

The Effects of Di(n-butyl)phthalate on Development of Female Reproductive Organs and Steroidogenesis

HONG Jin Hwan,KIM Tae Sung,KANG Tae Seok,KANG Ho II,MOON Hyun Ju,KANG II Hyun,JEON Young Shin,CHOI Eun Hee,RYU Hae Won,HONG Jin Tae 大韓藥學會 2006 大韓藥學會 總會 및 學術大會 Vol.2006 No.1

Lactate consumption mediates repeated high-intensity interval exercise-enhanced executive function in adult males

( Hae-sung Cho ),( Won Sang Lee ),( Kyeong Jin Yoon ),( Soo Hong Park ),( Hyung Eun Shin ),( Yeon-soo Kim ),( Hyukki Chang ),( Hyo Youl Moon ) 한국운동영양학회 2020 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.24 No.4

[Purpose] Lactate is a principal energy substrate for the brain during exercise. A single bout of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) can increase the blood lactate level, brain lactate uptake, and executive function (EF). However, repeated HIIE can attenuate exercise-induced increases in lactate level and EF. The lactate levels in the brain and blood are reported to be correlated with exercise-enhanced EF. However, research is yet to explain the cause-and-effect relationship between lactate and EF. This study examined whether lactate consumption improves the attenuated exercise-enhanced EF caused by repeated HIIE. [Methods] Eleven healthy men performed two sets of HIIE, and after each set, 30 min were given for rest and examination. In the 2nd set, the subjects consumed experimental beverages containing (n = 6) and not containing (n = 5) lactate. Blood, cardiovascular, and psychological variables were measured, and EF was evaluated by the computerized color-word Stroop test. [Results] The lactate group had a higher EF (P < 0.05) and tended to have a higher blood lactate level (P = 0.082) than the control group in the 2nd set of HIIE. Moreover, blood lactate concentration was correlated with the interference score (i.e., reverse score of EF) (r = -0.394; P < 0.05). [Conclusion] Our results suggest that the attenuated exercise-enhanced EF after repeated HIIE can be improved through lactate consumption. However, the role of lactate needs to be elucidated in future studies, as it can be used for improving athletes’ performance and also in cognitive decline-related clinical studies.

Neurolymphomatosis on F-18 FDG PET/CT and MRI Findings: A Case Report

Hong, Chae-Moon,Lee, Sang-Woo,Lee, Hong-Je,Song, Bong-Il,Kim, Hae-Won,Kang, Sung-Min,Jeong, Shin-Young,Ahn, Byeong-Cheol,Lee, Jae-Tae,Chae, Yee-Soo The Korea Society of Nuclear Medicine 2011 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.45 No.1

Neurolymphomatosis is a rare manifestation of malignant lymphoma. A 74-year-old man, in complete remission from diffuse large B cell lymphoma, presented with a loss of pain and temperature sensation in the left hemiface and left upper extremity, and motor weakness in the left upper and both lower extremities. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were negative. Combined fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) revealed multiple linear hypermetabolic lesions along the mandibular branch of the left trigeminal nerve, left brachial plexus, right axillary nerve, right suprarenal plexus, right adrenal gland, right femoral nerve, and both sciatic nerves, which corresponded to the patient's complex neurologic symptoms. C-spine and pelvic MRI revealed diffuse thickening with enhancement in the left brachial plexus and in the proximal portion of the left sciatic nerve, but negative findings for other sites identified by FDG-PET/CT. These findings suggest that FDG-PET/CTcan detect peripheral nerve infiltration by malignant lymphoma earlier than MRI. Thus, if a patient with a history of lymphoma presents with neurologic symptoms, FDG-PET/CT should be performed to evaluate neurolymphomatosis.

Reply to “Comment on ‘Nanohole-Structured and Palladium-Embedded 3D Porous Graphene for Ultrahigh Hydrogen Storage and CO Oxidation Multifunctionalities’”

Hong, Won G.,Kumar, Rajesh,Park, Jeong Young,Kim, Hae Jin,Oh, Il-Kwon American Chemical Society 2016 ACS NANO Vol.10 No.10

The Prediction of Liver Decompensation Using Hepatic Collagen Deposition Assessed by Computer-Assisted Image Analysis with Masson-Trichrome Stain

( Hae Won Yoo ),( Jae Woo Park ),( Jeong-ju Yoo ),( Sang-gyune Kim ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Young Chang ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( Baekgyu Jun ),( Young 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: METAVIR staging classifies structural deformation caused by hepatic fibrosis semi-quantitatively. However, there could be disagreement of fibrosis staging by METAVIR among pathologists. Quantification of fibrosis using computer-assisted image analysis can offer relative objective information for liver fibrosis. We measured hepatic fibrosis quantitatively using collagen proportionate area (CPA) and assessed its impact on predicting the development of liver decompensation (which was defined as the presence of ascites, variceal bleeding and hepatic encephalopathy). Methods: During January 2010 to June 2018, we assessed 582 patients who got liver biopsy and computer assisted image analysis (ZEN 2.3 lite software by ZEISS) were available. Clinical and laboratory data were collected at baseline and at the time of the last follow-up or progression to liver decompensation (LD). Forty-two patients with acute hepatitis who had no underlying chronic liver disease were excluded. Results: The mean age was 45.3±13.7 years, and most common etiology of liver disease was chronic hepatitis B (28.6%) and followed by fatty liver disease (26.9%). Median follow-up duration was 37 months during which 28 out of 540 patients experienced LD. Mean analyzed dimension of collagen was 5653362±2423925 μm2 and included portal tract was 8.9±3.9. Mean CPA was 8.91±7.10%. A positive correlation between CPA and liver fibrosis stage was observed (r=0.553, P<0.001) (Figure 1). Albumin at baseline (HR: 0.257, 95% CI: 0.094- 0.701, P=0.008), CPA (HR: 1.107 per 1% increase, 95% CI: 1.059-1.157, P<0.001), presence of diabetes mellitus (HR: 4.315, 95% CI: 1.063-17.510, P=0.041), and presence of alcoholic hepatitis (reference : chronic hepatitis B) (HR : 5.811, CI : 1.351-24.987, P=0.018) were independent predictors of liver decompensation on multivariate Cox-regression analysis. The concordance indices of CPA and METAVIR stage for progression to LD were 0.803±0.044 and 0.758±0.041, respectively, without significant difference. When dividing patients with calculating cut-point with maximally selected rank difference, higher CPA (≥16.6%) predicts LD better than lower CPA (Logrank test: P<0.001) (Figure 2). Conclusions: The CPA correlates very well with the METAVIR stage of liver fibrosis and also is an independent predictor of clinical outcomes in liver disease. It is expected to be useful quantitative determination of liver fibrosis and prognosis.

Clinical Research Article : Assessment of airway Length of Korean adults and children for otolaryngology and ophthalmic surgery using a fiberoptic bronchoscope

( Hae Jin Pak ),( Boo Hwi Hong ),( Won Hyung Lee ) 대한마취과학회 2010 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.59 No.4

Background: Knowledge regarding normal upper airway anatomy is essential for airway management and is required to prevent malpositioning of endotracheal tubes. We evaluated the length of the upper airway in Korean children and adults who had no abnormality of the upper airway using a fiberoptic bronchoscope. Methods: Eighty seven patients aged 5 to 81 years undergoing noninvasive elective surgery were included in this study. After induction of anesthesia was complete, we measured the distance from the upper incisor to various components of the upper airway by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Results: In adults, the mean length between the upper incisor and midtrachea was found to be 21.8 ± 1.8 cm in males and 19.9 ± 1.3 cm in females, while the mean length of the trachea was 10.1 ± 1.3 cm in males and 10.3 ± 1.6 cm in females. The length between the upper incisor and midtrachea (IT) were correlated with height both in children (IT [cm] = 2.531 + 0.109 × height [cm]) and adults (IT [cm] = 0.167 + 0.127 × height [cm]), which shows that they differ from the western standard (length of tube [cm] = 5 + 0.1 × height [cm]). Conclusions: In adults and children, the length from the incisor to the midtrachea was significantly different when compared with western standards. Therefore, re-evaluation of the proper and precise depth of endotracheal tube in Koreans should be considered.(Korean J Anesthesiol 2010;59:249-255)

Poster Session 2 : Developmental Biology ; Calnexin, a calcium-binding ER chaperone protein, is glycosylated in Caenorhabditis elegans

( Won Hae Lee ),( Tae Hoon Lee ),( Joo Hong Ahnn ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2004 생화학분자생물학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

Preparation of LiFe PO₄ Using Chitosan and its Cathodic Properties for Rechargeable Li-ion Batteries

Hong, Kyong-Soo,Yu, Seong-Mi,Ha, Myoung-Gyu,Ahn, Chang-Won,Hong, Tae-Eun,Jin, Jong-Sung,Kim, Hyun-Gyu,Jeong, Euh-Duck,Kim, Yang-Soo,Kim, Hae-Jin,Doh, Chil-Hoon,Yang, Ho-Soon,Jung, Hee Korean Chemical Society 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.8

The LiFeP$O_4$ powder was synthesized by using the solid state reaction method with Fe($C_2O_4){\cdot}2H_2O,\;(NH_4)_2HPO_4,\;Li_2CO_3$, and chitosan as a carbon precursor material for a cathode of a lithium-ion battery. The chitosan added LiFePO4 powder was calcined at 350 ${^{\circ}C}$ for 5 hours and then 800 ${^{\circ}C}$ for 12 hours for the calcination. Then we calcined again at 800 ${^{\circ}C}$ for 12 hours. We characterized the synthesized compounds via the crystallinity, the valence states of iron ions, and their shapes using TGA, XRD, SEM, TEM, and XPS. We found that the synthesized powders were carbon-coated using TEM images and the iron ion is substituted from 3+ to 2+ through XPS measurements. We observed voltage characteristics and initial charge-discharge characteristics according to the C rate in LiFeP$O_4$ batteries. The obtained initial specific capacity of the chitosan added LiFeP$O_4$ powder is 110 mAh/g, which is much larger than that of LiFeP$O_4$ only powder.