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Higashida Masateru 한국사회복지학회 2021 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.15 No.2
The aim of this study is to explore the subjective and practical experiences of international social workers, focusing on the content, outcomes, impact, and related factors of their activities in Asia. Individual reports of social workers dispatched from Japan to 11 Asian countries during the period of 2003–2018 were collected (n = 59). A mixed quantitative and qualitative content analysis was used to examine their experiences and perceptions in the field. Parts of their reports were categorized mainly into the relationship between requested activities and perceived needs, the type of social work activities conducted, experiences of success and failure in activities, and perceived outcomes and impact of the activities. The quantitative analysis showed that approximately 48.9% of the social workers described positive outcomes of their activities and 43.9% described positive impacts of their activities on the placement or communities. The qualitative analysis revealed that they experienced a variety of difficulties, together with sociocultural and religious differences. Many of their experiences of success or failure appeared to be associated with their interactions with local stakeholders. The findings suggest the importance of the reflective and contextualized practice of international developmental social workers with local stakeholders.
Higashida Masateru 한국사회복지학회 2024 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.18 No.1
This preliminary study examined the process of constructing alternative discourses on social work. It focused on the exploration of Buddhist social work by researchers and practitioners in Asian countries, including monks and nuns. The present investigation was grounded in the analytical perspective of the social representation theory posited in the domain of social psychology. Books, reports, and any relevant papers written in English were collected as primary data sources ( n = 22), and a qualitatively descriptive analysis was conducted on these data. The scrutiny specifically attended to the mechanism of familiarization, which comprises the process of anchoring and objectifying. The study's findings revealed the process of intentionally (re)naming activities and related events that were previously not necessarily described as Buddhist social work. These practices and occurrences were then classified and positioned within a particular cross‐border paradigm. Additionally, some monks, nuns, and other stakeholders became conversant with discussion and research activities related to Buddhist social work. Objectifying actions, such as (re)discovering and reproducing, thus became taken for granted by such functionaries. These findings suggest that cross‐border Buddhist social work discourses were actively constructed through the usage of relevant terms and concepts. In other words, the results of this study indicate that alternative discourse is internationally becoming the familiar form of discussion within the discipline.
SAMS-GFP 펩티드에 의한 AMP-activated protein kinase 기능 차단이 골격근 내 당 수송에 미치는 영향
김상현 ( S. H. Kim ),( Kazuhiko Higashida ),김기진 ( K. J. Kim ) 한국운동생리학회(구 한국운동과학회) 2011 운동과학 Vol.20 No.3
김상현, Kazuhiko Higashida, 김기진. SAMS-GFP 펩티드에 의한 AMP-activated protein kinase 기능 차단이 골격근 내 당 수송에 미치는 영향. 운동과학, 제20권 제3호. 205-214, 2011. 운동시 골격근 내 당 수송은 주로 AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)와 Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase(CaMK) 신호전달체계를 통해 이루어진다. AMPK의 세 가지 subunit 중 α 는 α1과 α2 isoform이 존재하는데, α2가 골격근 내 주요 isoform으로 알려져 있다. 그렇지만 AMPKα2를 knockout(KO) 하더라도 AMPKα1의 효과까지는 완벽하게 차단되지 않을 뿐 아니라 AMPKα1의 활성이 오히려 반등하게 된다. 따라서 최근 AMPKα2 KO 생쥐를 이용하여 AMPK가 운동시골격근 내 당 수송에 중요한 역할을 하지 않는다는 연구결과는 골격근 내 당 수송에 대한 AMPK 역할을 확실히 규명하는데 한계가 있다. 이에 본 연구는 가성 펩티드(pseudo peptide)인 SAMS-GFP를 이용하여 AMPKα1과 α2의 기능을 완전히 차단한 후 AMPK가 골격근내 당 수송에 어떠한 역할을 하는지 알아보았다. 이를 위해 electric pulse-mediated gene transfer 기술을 이용하여 SAMS-GFP peptide를 epitrochlearis 근육에 과 발현 시켰다. 그 결과 SAMS-GFP 저해 펩티드(inhibitory peptide)는 AICAR에 의해 증가된 골격근 내 당 수송을 완벽히 차단하였다. 그리고 저산소증과 근 수축에 의해 각각 6.5배 그리고 4.3배 증가된 당 수송이 SAMS-GFP 유전자에 의해 각각 50% 가까이 감소되었다. 또한 SAMS-GFP 저해 펩티드는 GLUT4 생합성에 아무런 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이러한 결과를 종합해 볼 때 AMPK가 근 수축에 따른 골격근 내 당 수송에 CaMK 신호전달체계와 함께 여전히 핵심적인 역할을 하며, SAMS-GFP 저해 펩티드가 AMPKα2 KO 생쥐와는 달리 AMPKα1과 AMPKα2 기능을 모두 완벽하게 차단하였다는 것을 알 수 있다. Glucose transport in skeletal muscle during exercise is mainly accomplished by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) signaling pathways. AMPK exists as heterotrimeric αβγ complexes, while the catalytic subunit has two isoforms (α1 and α2) with different tissue distributions. AMPK complexes containing the α2, rather than the α1 isoform, have a greater dependency on AMP both in direct allosteric activation and in covalent activation by the upstream kinase, LKB1. Therefore, AMPKα2 is thought to be the main isoform in skeletal muscle. Although in AMPKα2 KO mice AMPKα2 activity is abolished, AMPKα1 activity is compensatorily increased. To overcome these obstacles, we designed a SAMS-GFP pseudo peptide vector to block the function of both AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 in skeletal muscle. SAMS-GFP peptide overexpression in rat epitrochlearis muscle was accomplished by using an electric pulse-mediated gene transfer technique. Induction of AMPK pseudo peptide, SAMS-GFP completely blocked AICAR stimulated glucose transport activity. Hypoxia and muscle contraction induce an increase of glucose transport by 6.5 and 4.4 times, respectively. But, this hypoxia- and contraction- induced increase of glucose transport is decreased about 50% by SAMS-GFP. SAMS-GFP peptide overexpression did not change muscle GLUT4 content. These findings suggestthat AMPK with CaMK signaling pathways play a key role on glucose transport by contraction in skeletal muscle. And SAMS-GFP inhibitory peptide completely blocked the function of AMPKα1 and AMPKα2, contrary to AMPKα2 KO mice, in which only α2 is blocked.
Caton Michael Travis,Smith Eric Robert,Baker Amanda,Dowd Christopher Foley,Higashida Randall T. 대한신경중재치료의학회 2022 Neurointervention Vol.17 No.2
The transradial approach (TRA) is an effective and safe alternative to transfemoral access for diagnostic neuroangiography and craniocervical interventions. While the technical aspects of supraclavicular intervention are well-described, there are little data on the TRA for thoracolumbar angiography and intervention. The authors describe the feasibility of the TRA for preoperative thoracic tumor embolization, emphasizing technique, device selection, navigation, and catheterization of thoracolumbar segmental arteries. This approach extends the benefits of TRA to spinal interventional neuroradiology.