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A Brief Review of the Traditional Indigenous Architecture of Canada
Henry Hing-Yip Tsang(Henry Hing-Yip Tsang ) 한국캐나다학회 2020 Asia-Pacific Journal of Canadian Studies (APJCS) Vol.25 No.2
The identity of Canadian architecture is hard to define. Many waves of immigration of all contributed in sculpting the built environment in Canadian cities. Identity has much to do with origins, therefore tracing Canadian architecture should start by studying the architecture of our First Nations and indigenous people. This paper briefly explores the roots of Canadian architecture tracing back to the various indigenous tribes of Canada and outlines the main characteristics of the vernacular architecture built by these people. This paper review seven major typologies of indigenous architecture found in Canada: the Wigwam, the Longhouse, the Tipi, the Pit House, the Thule Winter House, the Plank House and the Igloo. Different indigenous tribes construct different styles of architecture as shelters that respond to their particular abodes and lifestyle. For instance, tribes living in colder climates construct narrow entrance tunnels for preventing cold wind drifts, whiles other tribes dig earth and construct their shelters protected by tree bark and soil. Further, living styles also influence the different types of shelters. Nomadic tribes carry thin long logs and animal hide with them and construct Pit Houses in places where they spend days chasing bison herds. Other tribes, engaged in agriculture therefore need a more permanent residence, such as the Iroquois who build Longhouses with wood bark and mats. Although this paper is brief, it lays the foundation for those who wish to understand and pursue further research into the different typologies of indigenous architecture of Canada.
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Henry Hing-Yip Tsang(Henry Hing-Yip Tsang ) 한국캐나다학회 2017 Asia-Pacific Journal of Canadian Studies (APJCS) Vol.23 No.2
Immigrants from Asian countries to Canada has a history dating back to the 18th Century, and Asian-Canadians today make up an increasingly significant part of the Canadian population. As these communities grow over generations, they become an integral part of the culture and heritage of Canada’s own culture of multiculturalism. Originating from Asia and reestablishing themselves in Canada, immigrants carry with them culture, customs and away of life to their new home, ranging from new food, fashion, customs, language and even the way to construct buildings. This paper studies the relationship of Asian immigrant communities with the spaces and buildings they occupy, and how they inhabit and adapted spaces, buildings and cities to represent the culture and identity of their country of origin. In particular, the paper will focus on three major Asian ethnic groups: Chinese, Japanese and Korean, trace their paths and identify major tendencies in how each have attempted to preserve culture and express identity in the design of significant buildings in their communities. The research methodology consists firstly of literature review on the subject of Asian immigration and the mapping of major architectural style trends in Canada. Secondly, a selection of buildings were identified from each community for further analysis, including site visits, study of architectural drawings, plans, photographs, as well as interviews with building occupants to better understand the significance of these buildings and how they were conceived to represent their ethnic communities. Preliminary results indicate that the Chinese community, with along history of immigration to Canada, expresses identity mainly in the exterior appearance of the buildings. The Japanese community has a scattered history of immigration to Canada and the expression of identity is rather subdued and the expression is present mainly in the building’s interior. The Korean community is relatively young in Canada, and has a tendency to adapt existing spaces and buildings, while expressing culture and identity through signage and decoration.
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Alabama Forest Products and the Potential Impacts of FTAA Price Changes
( Henry Thompson ),( Mostafa Malki ),( Osei Agyeman Yeboah ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2010 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.25 No.1
The Free Trade Area of the Americas FTAA will increase import competition for some forest product industries in Alabama but create export opportunities for others. Forest products loom large in the Alabama economy, both in terms of income and pollution. The present paper gauges the potential impacts of a range of price changes for forest products in an applied specific factors model of production. Pollution adjusts with forest product outputs. The potential impacts on outputs, capital returns, and pollution are substantial. Anticipated price changes also raise the wage and lower energy demand.
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Henry Chor Lip Tan,Jih Huei Tan,Nur Akmalrudin Nur Dzainuddin,Koon Khee Chan 대한대장항문학회 2020 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.36 No.2
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic-assisted anterior resection (LAAR) for colorectal cancer in a local Asian population. Methods: This is a retrospective review of all patients with colorectal cancer operated from November 2017 to October 2018. Main variables of interest were demography, type and surgery, length of stay (LOS), and the involvement of proximal and distal doughnut. Postoperative complications were analysed using chi-square or Fisher exact and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: There were 23 patients with a mean age of 62.5 ± 12.2 years. The mean time from diagnosis to surgery was 97.1 ± 154.84 days. There were 12 patients in the LAAR group and 11 in the open anterior resection (OAR) group. Duration of surgery was shorter in OAR (129.58 ± 51.38 minutes) compared to LAAR (147.91 ± 39.37 minutes). Mean LOS was shorter in the LAAR group with 5±1.5 days compared to the OAR group of 7.42 ± 4.25 days. However, there was no significant P-value for both duration of surgery (P = 0.322) or LOS (P = 0.87). A total of 3 complications were recorded after OAR and 2 after LAAR. Both groups had clear proximal and distal margins with 16 (12–18.5) harvested lymph nodes in LAAR and 18 (16–22) in OAR, which were equal (P = 0.155). Conclusion: This study reports a shorter LOS in the minimally invasive group of 2 days with similar oncologic resection outcomes. This shows that LAAR is feasible in Malaysia and has potential outcome benefits.
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Images of Africa and Africans in Japanese Literature
Henry Indangasi 한국외국어대학교 아프리카연구소 2007 Asian Journal of African Studies Vol.22 No.-
In this paper, I intend to examine the images of Africa and Africans in Japanese literature. Africa and Africans do not feature prominently in Japanese writing; but there are two major authors from Japan who have in various ways dealt with Africa and Africans. One is the winner of the 1994 Novel Prize for literature, Kenzaburo Oe; the other is the president of the Soka Gakkai International, Daisaku Ikeda. The short story that won Kenzaburo Oe the first literary award, the so-called Akutagawa Prize, is titled "Prize Stock. " This work is about an African American whose military aircraft crashes on Japanese territory, and who is then held hostage by the Japanese. It is a story of racial prejudice and xenophobia. In the novel, A Personal Matter, Oe uses Africa as a backdrop to his romantic tale, and alludes to the influence of Amos Tutuola's novel My life in the Bush of Ghosts in an apparent attempt, through his character, Bird, to come to terms with having a deformed child. (My life in the Bush of Ghosts is one of the most well known African novels in Japan.) For his part, after witnessing the entry of the newly-independent African countries into the United Nations, Daisaku Ikeda in 1960 famously called the twenty-first century the century of Africa. This was the beginning of his fascination with Africa. In addition to hosting many African leaders in Tokyo in his capacity as SGI president, Ikeda has written one substantial poem on Nelson Mandela, former South African president, and another on Wole Soyinka, the African winner of the 1986 Novel Prize for literature. He also has an essay on Nelson Mandela. I will examine the works of these leading Japanese writers in so far as they relate to Africa as a way of understanding Japanese perception of Africa and Africans. I have not read these works in their original Japanese, and so, as I make this tentative attempt, I am conscious of the limitations of translations of literary works. The fact remains that it is through translation that many African scholars have gained access to Japanese literature.
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Topology Optimization of Support Structure for Long-Range Boom Lift
Henry Panganiban,Woncheol Kim,Tae-Jin Chung 한국자동차공학회 2012 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2012 No.11
Structural design of long-range telescopic boom system used for lifting work platform requires serious consideration of structural integrity and reliability. Component design can be rapidly and economically conceptualized using CAE tools. In this work, the concept design of support structure for a long-range telescopic boom lift is obtained using topology optimization method. The classical topology optimization formulation is implemented with consideration on various load cases encompassing actual operation conditions. Transfer mechanism of loads from the work platform and boom self-weight into the support structure is analyzed and verified by FEM. In the analytical solution, boom self-weight is defined by its magnitude and location in space while bar or truss elements are used to model the boom structure with the corresponding point loads. Agreement of the calculated reaction forces is very close. The support structure is isolated with the reaction forces imposed on predefined loading points of the structure and topology optimization is carried out. This method can significantly reduce FE-model size and consequently computation time allowing more opportunities to explore possible design configurations within the capability of the topology optimization tool being used. The topology or material layout of the support structure at the converged iteration will be translated into manufacturable final design using a CAD tool.
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