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Harata, Nobutoshi C.,Choi, Sukwoo,Pyle, Jason L.,Aravanis, Alexander M.,Tsien, Richard W. Elsevier 2006 Neuron Vol.49 No.2
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>The kinetics of exo-endocytotic recycling could restrict information transfer at central synapses if neurotransmission were entirely reliant on classical full-collapse fusion. Nonclassical fusion retrieval by kiss-and-run would be kinetically advantageous but remains controversial. We used a hydrophilic quencher, bromophenol blue (BPB), to help detect nonclassical events. Upon stimulation, extracellular BPB entered synaptic vesicles and quenched FM1-43 fluorescence, indicating retention of FM dye beyond first fusion. BPB also quenched fluorescence of VAMP (synaptobrevin-2)-EGFP, thus indicating the timing of first fusion of vesicles in the total recycling pool. Comparison with FM dye destaining revealed that kiss-and-run strongly prevailed over full-collapse fusion at low frequency, giving way to a near-even balance at high frequency. Quickening of kiss-and-run vesicle reuse was also observed at higher frequency in the average single vesicle fluorescence response. Kiss-and-run and reuse could enable hippocampal nerve terminals to conserve scarce vesicular resources when responding to widely varying input patterns.</P>
Keisuke Nishimura,Takashi Ikeda,Yuji Harata 대한기계학회 2015 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.춘계 No.-
The behavior of dual centrifugal pendulum vibration absorbers (CPVAs) are investigated when they are attached to a rotor in order to suppress torsional vibrations of a horizontally rotating shaft. The frequency response curves are theoretically determined using van der Pol’s method in the two cases where CPVAs are attached at point-symmetrical positions and identical positions. In the former case, Hopf bifurcations occur and combination resonances appear at comparatively higher rotational seeds than a Hopf bifurcation point. In the latter case, two types of localization phenomena may occur depending on the stiffnesses of torsion springs installed at the supporting points of the CPVAs. These phenomena are confirmed by calculating time histories and their frequencies. It is concluded that the optimal positions of the two pendula may exist to suppress the torsional vibrations of the rotor.
Antioxidant effects of citrus pomace extracts processed by super-heated steam
Wang, Lei,Jo, Min-Ji,Katagiri, Riho,Harata, Kaori,Ohta, Moemi,Ogawa, Ayane,Kamegai, Masayuki,Ishida, Yasuyuki,Tanoue, Shota,Kimura, Sojiro,Lee, Seung-Cheol,Jeon, You-Jin Elsevier 2018 FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY -ZURICH- Vol.90 No.-
<P>This study was performed to investigate the enhanced antioxidant effects of citrus pomace (CP) extracts processed by super-heated steam (SHS). CP extracts were obtained using a closed SHS system at three different temperatures (100, 200, and 300 degrees C) with an extraction time of 10 or 20 min. These extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant activities by measuring their DPPH, alkyl, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity using Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy and for their protective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in Vero cells. All extracts exhibited strong radical scavenging activities and protective effects against H2O2-induced Vero cell damage. Especially, the SHS-CP extracts obtained at 300 degrees C with extraction times of both 10 min and 20 min exhibited antioxidant activities that were significantly higher than those of ethanol extracts and SHS-CP extracts obtained at other temperatures. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of SHS-CP extracts and their antioxidant activities were found to be increased with elevated processing temperatures. Moreover, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in the presence of a methylating reagent revealed that some characteristic polyphenols and polyhydroxycyclohexanes were present in the SHS-CP extracts. Thus, this study demonstrated that SHS extraction is an efficient and environmentally friendly method for extracting antioxidants from CP.</P>
MODELING AN EXCITATORY SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Jisun LIM,Yi LI,Nobutoshi C. HARATA 한국산업응용수학회 2009 한국산업응용수학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.4 No.2
We have developed mathematical models of central excitatory synapse, including kinetics of neurotransmitter release in a hippocampal neurons in the mammalian central nervous system. Glutamate is a primary neurotransmitter in the CNS and it is important to understand the mechanism of glutamate activation and related regulation properties. Experimentally, it is impossible to have variation of released glutamate from nerve terminals. Aiming at investigation of fundamental issues unsolved, we discuss dynamics of glutamate release, involving with glutamate receptors, such as AMPARs, and glutamate optical sensor. Our mathematical formulation is shown to be effective for calculating certain kinetics related to glutamate release.
Antioxidant and anti-adipogenic activities of acorn shells
Youn, Un-Young,Shon, Myung-Soo,Kim, Gyo-Nam,Katagiri, Riho,Harata, Kaori,Kamegai, Masayuki,Ishida, Yasuyuki,Lee, Seung-Cheol 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.4
Antioxidant and anti-adipogenic activities of water extract (WE) and methanol extract (ME) of acorn shells (AS), from Quercus acutissima Carruth. grown in Korea, were investigated. At a concentration of $50{\mu}g/mL$, the WE had a scavenging activity of 53.84% for the DPPH and 76.09% for the ABTS radical, while the ME had corresponding scavenging activities of 29.09 and 48.43%. Total phenolic contents of WE and ME were 375.96 and 288.01 mg gallic acid equivalents/g of extracts, respectively. Both extracts significantly inhibited 3T3-L1 adipogenesis in a dose-dependent manner, and concomitantly decreased the size and number of intracellular lipid droplets. Furthermore, the antiadipogenic activities of WE and ME are largely limited in the pre- and early stages of adipogenesis. The results suggest that AS may be a promising source of antioxidants and anti-obesity compounds.
Antioxidant and anti-adipogenic activities of acorn shells
Un-Young Youn,손명수,김교남,Riho Katagiri,Kaori Harata,Masayuki Kamegai,Yasuyuki Ishida,이승철 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.4
Antioxidant and anti-adipogenic activities of water extract (WE) and methanol extract (ME)of acorn shells (AS), from Quercus acutissima Carruth. grown in Korea, were investigated. At aconcentration of 50 μg/mL, the WE had a scavenging activity of 53.84% for the DPPH and 76.09% forthe ABTS radical, while the ME had corresponding scavenging activities of 29.09 and 48.43%. Totalphenolic contents of WE and ME were 375.96 and 288.01 mg gallic acid equivalents/g of extracts,respectively. Both extracts significantly inhibited 3T3-L1 adipogenesis in a dose-dependent manner,and concomitantly decreased the size and number of intracellular lipid droplets. Furthermore, the antiadipogenicactivities of WE and ME are largely limited in the pre- and early stages of adipogenesis. Theresults suggest that AS may be a promising source of antioxidants and anti-obesity compounds.
Shun Igarashi,Yuji Kasukawa,Koji Nozaka,Hiroyuki Tsuchie,Kazunobu Abe,Hikaru Saito,Ryo Shoji,Fumihito Kasama,Shuntaro Harata,Kento Okamoto,Keita Oya,Naohisa Miyakoshi 대한골다공증학회 2023 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.9 No.4
Objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) complicated by secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is associated with an increased risk of fragility fractures. Etelcalcetide (EC) is a treatment for SHPT that reduces serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. However, the effects of combined treatment with osteoporosis drugs such as teriparatide (TPTD) remain unclear. This study investigates the combined effects of EC and TPTD on bone in CKD model rats. Methods: The CKD model was established in 8-week-old male Wistar rats by feeding them a 0.75% adenine diet for 4 weeks. At 20 weeks of age, the rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 9–10 in each group): CKD group (vehicle administration), TPTD group (30 μg/kg, 3 times/week), EC group (0.6 mg/kg, daily), and Comb group (TPTD and EC combined). EC was injected for 12 weeks starting at 20 weeks of age, and TPTD was injected for 8 weeks starting at 24 weeks of age. After treatment, the followings were evaluated: bone mineral density, bone strength, biochemical tests, bone and fat histomorphometry, and micro-computed tomography. Results: In CKD model rats, the combination of EC and TPTD was more effective in increasing cortical bone thickness and bone strength and inhibiting porosity. In addition, the combined treatment decreased bone marrow adiposity and fibrosis, and it increased bone mass and improved bone microstructure in trabecular bone. Conclusions: With the observed benefits such as improved bone mass, bone strength, structural properties, and bone marrow adiposity, combination therapy may be a potential way to improve bone fragility in CKD.