Effects of Traditional Chinese Cooking Methods on Formation of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in Lamb Patties

Haitao Guo,Zhenyu Wang,Han Pan,Xin Li,Li Chen,Weili Rao,Yuan Gao,Dequan Zhang 한국식품과학회 2014 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.23 No.3

Different amounts of the potent mutagenic and/or carcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) areformed in muscle-based foods under different cookingmethods. HAAs (9 varieties) in lamb patties cooked usingtraditional Chinese cooking methods (roasting, frying, panfrying,and stewing in seasonings) were investigated. Thetotal HAAs contents in roasted, fried, pan-fried, and stewedpatties were 4.39-123.15 ng/g, 3.59-43.24 ng/g, 0.71-10.05ng/g, and 51.07-120.32 ng/g, respectively. Amounts of HAAsincreased as cooking time increased. 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b] pyridine (PhIP) was the dominantHAAs in deep roasted and fried samples, while 1-methyl-9H-pyrido [3,4-b] indole (Harman) and 9H-pyrido [3,4-b]indole (Norharman) were the main HAAs in pan-fried andstewed samples. Types and contents of HAAs formed atdifferent cooking times using different methods are unique. Stewing in seasoning generated a higher HAAs contentthan the high-temperature cooking methods roasting,frying, and pan-frying.

Wind engineering for high-rise buildings: A review

Haitao Zhu,Bin Yang,Qilin Zhang,Licheng Pan,Siyuan Sun 한국풍공학회 2021 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.32 No.3

As high-rise buildings become more and more slender and flexible, the wind effect has become a major concern to modern buildings. At present, wind engineering for high-rise buildings mainly focuses on the following four issues: wind excitation and response, aerodynamic damping, aerodynamic modifications and proximity effect. Taking these four issues of concern in high-rise buildings as the mainline, this paper summarizes the development history and current research progress of wind engineering for high-rise buildings. Some critical previous work and remarks are listed at the end of each chapter. From the future perspective, the CFD is still the most promising technique for structural wind engineering. The wind load inversion and the introduction of machine learning are two research directions worth exploring.

Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in Meat Products Consumed in China

Han Pan,Zhenyu Wang,Haitao Guo,Na Ni,Dequan Zhang 한국식품과학회 2014 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.23 No.6

Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) formedin cooked muscle foods are recognized as mutagenic andcarcinogenic compounds. A total of 9 nine HAAs wereanalyzed in 34 meat products consumed in China. The totalHAAs content in all meat products ranged from 4.14 to108.80 ng/g. Dry and sauced meats contained higherconcentration of total HAAs than other kinds of meatproducts. Samples from East and Northwest China showedhigher concentrations of total HAAs than samples fromother regions. The most common specific HAAs, harmanand norharman, were detected in all meat samples at levelsof 1.09-63.97 and 1.19-62.30 ng/g, respectively. Concentrationsof MeIQx, PhIP, 4, 8-DiMeIQx, and AαC were muchlower. MeAαC (n=8), IQ (n=15), and Trp-P-2 (n=23) weredetected in some samples.

An R package UnifiedDoseFinding for continuous and ordinal outcomes in Phase I dose-finding trials

Rongji Mu,Chia Wei Hsu,Shouhao Zhou,Haitao Pan 한국통계학회 2022 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.29 No.4

Phase I dose-finding trials are essential in drug development. By finding the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of a new drug or treatment, a Phase I trial establishes the recommended doses for later-phase testing. The primary toxicity endpoint of interest is often a binary variable, which describes an event of a patient who experiences dose-limiting toxicity. However, there is a growing interest in dose-finding studies regarding non-binary outcomes, defined by either the weighted sum of rates of various toxicity grades or a continuous outcome. Although several novel methods have been proposed in the literature, accessible software is still lacking to implement these methods. This study introduces a newly developed R package, UnifiedDoseFinding, which implements three phase I dose-finding methods with non-binary outcomes (Quasi- and Robust Quasi-CRM designs by Yuan it et al. (2007) and Pan it et al. (2014), gBOIN design by Mu it et al.(2019), and by a method by Ivanova and Kim (2009)). For each of the methods, UnifiedDoseFinding provides corresponding functions that begin with next_ that determines the dose for the next cohort of patients, select\_, which selects the MTD defined by the non-binary toxicity endpoint when the trial is completed, and get_oc, which obtains the operating characteristics. Three real examples are provided to help practitioners use these methods. The R package UnifiedDoseFinding, which is accessible in R CRAN, provides a user-friendly tool to facilitate the implementation of innovative dose-finding studies with nonbinary outcomes.

Preparation and Adsorption Properties of PA6/PSMA-OA Molecularly Imprinted Composite Membranes in Supercritical CO₂

Zhang, Qing,Zhang, Xingyuan,Zhang, Wencheng,Pan, Jian,Liu, Ling,Zhang, Haitao,Zhao, Dong,Li, Zhi Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.9

Oleanolic acid (OA) as template molecule, polyamide-6 (PA6) as basement membrane and poly(styrene-comaleic acid) (PSMA) were used to prepare PA6/PSMA-OA molecularly imprinted composite membranes by phase inversion method in supercritical $CO_2$ ($ScCO_2$). The template molecule (OA), [poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMAH), PSMA, molecularly imprinted membranes (MIMs) imprinting OA and MIMs after elution were all characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The conditions that were the mass ratio between PSMA and OA from 3:1 to 8:1, temperature of $ScCO_2$ from $35^{\circ}C$ to $50^{\circ}C$ and pressure of $ScCO_2$ 12 MPa to 17 MPa were studied. It was obtained the largest adsorption rate and purity of OA after adsorption of the resultant MIMs, 50.41% and 96.15% respectively. After using PA6 film and non-woven fabrics as basement membrane respectively, it was found that smaller aperture of PA6 was used as basement membrane, a higher adsorption rate and a higher purity of OA after adsorption of the MIMs were obtained, and so were the stability and reproducibility of the resultant MIMs. After template molecules being removed, the MIMs had effective selectivity hydrogen bonding to separately bind in the binary components to the template molecules-oleanolic acid.

Preparation and Adsorption Properties of PA6/PSMA-OA Molecularly Imprinted Composite Membranes in Supercritical CO_2

Qing Zhang,Wencheng Zhang,Jian Pan,Ling Liu,Haitao Zhang,Dong Zhao,Zhi Li,Xingyuan Zhang 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.9

Oleanolic acid (OA) as template molecule, polyamide-6 (PA6) as basement membrane and poly(styrene-comaleic acid) (PSMA) were used to prepare PA6/PSMA-OA molecularly imprinted composite membranes by phase inversion method in supercritical CO_2 (ScCO_2). The template molecule (OA), [poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMAH), PSMA, molecularly imprinted membranes (MIMs) imprinting OA and MIMs after elution were all characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The conditions that were the mass ratio between PSMA and OA from 3:1 to 8:1, temperature of ScCO_2 from 35 ºC to 50 ºC and pressure of ScCO_2 12 MPa to 17 MPa were studied. It was obtained the largest adsorption rate and purity of OA after adsorption of the resultant MIMs, 50.41% and 96.15% respectively. After using PA6 film and non-woven fabrics as basement membrane respectively, it was found that smaller aperture of PA6 was used as basement membrane, a higher adsorption rate and a higher purity of OA after adsorption of the MIMs were obtained, and so were the stability and reproducibility of the resultant MIMs. After template molecules being removed, the MIMs had effective selectivity hydrogen bonding to separately bind in the binary components to the template molecules-oleanolic acid.

Real-time structural health monitoring system based on streaming data

Qilin Zhang,Siyuan Sun,Bin Yang,Roland Wüchner,Licheng Pan,Haitao Zhu 국제구조공학회 2021 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.28 No.2

In this paper, a novel real-time structural health monitoring (SHM) system based on streaming data is proposed. In contrast to a traditional SHM system, the proposed system implements a series of optimizations for data transmission and processing to reduce the latency and better satisfy the real-time requirement. The concept of the watermark in the streaming system is adopted to address the problem of when to trigger the time window calculation under the real-time requirement. Moreover, a well-designed parallel mechanism is used to satisfy the multistage computation requirement in the parallel data stream. A case study in which the proposed system is applied to the Shanghai Tower is presented. The peak picking method is used as an example in the test environment to track the latency of each main operation under different parallelism schemes. The results show that computing in parallel effectively reduces the latency and provides a reference for integrating the random decrement technique (RDT), stochastic subspace identification (SSI), or other more complex but effective algorithms in parallel into the system in the future. The total latency under the test environment from data generation to data transmission to the web server is approximately only 200-400 ms, which indicates the excellent real-time performance of the system.