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Piters, A. J. M.,Boersma, K. F.,Kroon, M.,Hains, J. C.,Van Roozendael, M.,Wittrock, F.,Abuhassan, N.,Adams, C.,Akrami, M.,Allaart, M. A. F.,Apituley, A.,Beirle, S.,Bergwerff, J. B.,Berkhout, A. J. C. Copernicus GmbH 2012 Atmospheric measurement techniques Vol.5 No.2
<P><p><strong>Abstract.</strong> From June to July 2009 more than thirty different in-situ and remote sensing instruments from all over the world participated in the Cabauw Intercomparison campaign for Nitrogen Dioxide measuring Instruments (CINDI). The campaign took place at KNMI's Cabauw Experimental Site for Atmospheric Research (CESAR) in the Netherlands. Its main objectives were to determine the accuracy of state-of-the-art ground-based measurement techniques for the detection of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide (both in-situ and remote sensing), and to investigate their usability in satellite data validation. The expected outcomes are recommendations regarding the operation and calibration of such instruments, retrieval settings, and observation strategies for the use in ground-based networks for air quality monitoring and satellite data validation. Twenty-four optical spectrometers participated in the campaign, of which twenty-one had the capability to scan different elevation angles consecutively, the so-called Multi-axis DOAS systems, thereby collecting vertical profile information, in particular for nitrogen dioxide and aerosol. Various in-situ samplers and lidar instruments simultaneously characterized the variability of atmospheric trace gases and the physical properties of aerosol particles. A large data set of continuous measurements of these atmospheric constituents has been collected under various meteorological conditions and air pollution levels. Together with the permanent measurement capability at the CESAR site characterizing the meteorological state of the atmosphere, the CINDI campaign provided a comprehensive observational data set of atmospheric constituents in a highly polluted region of the world during summertime. First detailed comparisons performed with the CINDI data show that slant column measurements of NO<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>4</sub> and HCHO with MAX-DOAS agree within 5 to 15%, vertical profiles of NO<sub>2</sub> derived from several independent instruments agree within 25% of one another, and MAX-DOAS aerosol optical thickness agrees within 20-30% with AERONET data. For the in-situ NO<sub>2</sub> instrument using a molybdenum converter, a bias was found as large as 5 ppbv during day time, when compared to the other in-situ instruments using photolytic converters.</p> </P>
Haine Lee,Younghyun Kang,Ji-Hyun Lee,Jae-Eun Myung,Liesl Strachan,Yoko Ishiguro,Sang-Soo Lee 한국보건의료기술평가학회 2020 보건의료기술평가 Vol.8 No.1
The administrative claims datasets refer to the data that occurs when healthcare providers claim ser- vices and items of care rendered to patients from payers. The purpose of this study is to review and compare the characteristics and differences of the administrative claims data in South Korea and Ja- pan. We compared the differences of claims data and examined the utilization of the data based on the hands-on experience of analyzing the data in both countries. The structure of claims data of both countries are comparable since they originated from similar health insurance systems in general. However, there also exist some differences: 1) institution in charge of managing claims data, 2) data access, and 3) data component. First, while the claims data in South Korea are only constructed and operated by National Health Insurance Service and Health Insurance Review and Assessment Ser- vice, those in Japan are constructed not only Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare but also local governments, academic societies or private entities. Second, in Japan, only government officials or academic societies members can have access to the claims data while other stakeholders can access data that are constructed by private entities but not nationally representative. However, private sector is allowed to access the claims data with public Institutional Review Boards in South Korea. Lastly, unlike Korea, the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database in Japan has a unique characteristic that contains important clinical outcomes and can be analyzed together with claims data. Generating robust research using real-world datasets such as claims, clinical and Electronic Medical Records data is emerging. Based on the review of this study, to enable researchers to perform extensive re- search projects, policies on the use and management of medical big data need to be developed and strengthened.
Haines, Brian B.,Ryu, Chun Jeih,Chang, Sandy,Protopopov, Alexei,Luch, Andreas,Kang, Yun Hee,Draganov, Dobrin D.,Fragoso, Maria F.,Paik, Sang Gi,Hong, Hyo Jeong,DePinho, Ronald A.,Chen, Jianzhu Cell Press 2006 CANCER CELL Vol.9 No.2
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Mice deficient in the DNA damage sensor P53 display normal T cell development but eventually succumb to thymic lymphomas. Here, we show that inactivation of the TCR β gene enhancer (Eβ) results in a block of T cell development at stages where recombination-activating genes (RAG) are expressed. Introduction of the Eβ mutation into <I>p53<SUP>−/−</SUP></I> mice dramatically accelerates the onset of lethal thymic lymphomas that harbor RAG-dependent aberrant rearrangements, chromosome 14 and 12 translocations, and amplification of the chromosomal region 9A1–A5.3. Phenotypic and genetic analyses suggest that lymphomas emerge through a normal thymocyte development pathway. These findings provide genetic evidence that block of lymphocyte development at stages with RAG endonuclease activity can provoke lymphomagenesis on a background with deficient DNA damage responses.</P>
3D Printed Electronics of Non-contact Ink Writing Techniques: Status and Promise
Haining Zhang,Seung Ki Moon,Teck Hui Ngo 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.7 No.2
Non-contact ink writing techniques are a newly developed three-dimensional printing technology to fabricate customized and flexible electronic devices, while dramatically reducing chemical waste and lowering manufacturing costs. However, the use of non-contact ink writing technologies for fabricating electronics is still limited due to printing quality. To develop an electronic device with high performance, conductive lines should be printed with high controllability and excellent uniformity. Under such circumstances, many traditional optimization methods have been proposed to improve the printing quality. However, as the non-contact ink writing process is very sensitive to the system drifts and random variations, in situ process monitoring and online optimization technologies to optimize the printed line quality are in demand for practical printing. In this paper, we describe the processes of non-contact ink writing techniques based on inkjet printing (IJP) and aerosol jet printing (AJP). The key influencing factors in the non-contact ink writing processes are also discussed based on the three main printing stages. Then we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the IJP and AJP techniques and review the state of art in quality optimization and precise control techniques that can be adopted in non-contact ink writing process. Additionally, to further develop a non-contact ink writing system, the major challenges and limitations of the current printing quality optimization technologies are also highlighted in this paper.
Formation and failure characteristics of a landslide induced by excavation in western Henan, China
Haining Liu,Suzhen Duan,Han Dong Liu,Weiguo Wang,Yujie Jia 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.7
Engineering construction in mountainous areas is a key factor inducing slope failure, whichposes severe threats to life and property safety during construction and operation. Thus, clearunderstanding of slope structure and potential failure mechanisms is of great importance forslope reinforcement. The Shangge landslide, located in a mountainous area of WesternHenan, China, was triggered by excavation along a toll station. The slope was still unstableafter a row of anti-sliding piles were constructed. To clarify the deformation characteristics andfailure mechanism of this landslide and provide reinforcement guidance for slopes with similargeological conditions, a combined method of field investigation, displacement monitoring,and numerical simulation was employed. The results indicate that the natural slope comprisesa dual structure of soil and rock, and that the soil, with poor permeability and high watermoisture, was prone to form a potential sliding surface. Secondly, slope excavation was thedirect triggering factor. Lastly, but most importantly, the preliminary investigation work failed toaccurately expose the potential position of the sliding surface, and the existing anti-slide pilesfailed to cross the potential sliding surface, which made them unable to effectively improveslope stability. The numerical simulation verified that the recommended piles installed on theplatform of level 2 could significantly improve slope stability. Therefore, when carrying outengineering slope design in similar geological environments, the slope structure and materialcomposition should be fully identified, and the influence of groundwater on the slope stabilitystate should be emphasized. These results can provide a reference for similar slopereinforcement designs.
Artificial Muscles from Fishing Line and Sewing Thread
Haines, Carter S.,Lima, Má,rcio D.,Li, Na,Spinks, Geoffrey M.,Foroughi, Javad,Madden, John D. W.,Kim, Shi Hyeong,Fang, Shaoli,Jung de Andrade, Mô,nica,Gö,ktepe, Fatma,Gö,ktepe, &Oum American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2014 Science Vol.343 No.6173
<P><B>Toward an Artificial Muscle</B></P><P>In designing materials for artificial muscles, the goals are to find those that will combine high strokes, high efficiency, long cycle life, low hysteresis, and low cost. Now, <B>Haines <I>et al.</I></B> (p. 868; see the Perspective by <B>Yuan and Poulin</B>) show that this is possible. Twisting high-strength, readily available polymer fibers, such as those used for fishing lines or sewing thread, to the point where they coil up, allowed construction of highly efficient actuators that could be triggered by a number of stimuli.</P>
EFFECT OF THE CHROMOPHORES STRUCTURES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SOLID-STATE DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS
HAINING TIAN,Eva M. Barea,ANDREA SOTO,BO XU,LICHENG SUN,ANDERS HAGFELDT,FRANCISCO FABREGAT-SANTIAGO,IVAN MORA-SERO,강용수,Juan Bisquert 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2014 NANO Vol.9 No.5
The efect of metal-free chromophores on dye-sensitized solar cell performance is investigated. Solid state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSCs) using diferent molecular sensitizers based on tri-phenylamine (TPA) with thiophene linkers and diferent alkyl chain in the donor unit have beencharacterized using impedance spectroscopy (IS). We show that diferent molecular structuresplay a fundamental role on solar cell performance, by the efect produced on TiO 2 conductionband position and in the recombination rate. Dye structure and its electronic properties are themain factors that control the recombination, the capacitance and the e±ciency of the cells. Aclear trend between the performance of the cell and the optimization level of the blocking efect of the dye structure has been identi¯ed in the solid state solar cells with Spiro-OMeTAD holeconductor.
Haining Chen,Liqun Zhu,Weiping Li,Huicong Liu 한국물리학회 2012 Current Applied Physics Vol.12 No.1
In this paper, we reported an investigation on a new photoelectrode of quantum dots-sensitized solar cell (QDSC) combining indiumetineoxide (ITO) mesoporous film and CdS quantum dots (QDs). The ITO mesoporous film was prepared by doctor-blade technique and CdS QDs attached on ITO mesoporous film were synthesized by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction method. X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, X-ray spectroscopy and UV evis spectroscopy were used to characterize the samples. The results indicated that the ITO mesoporous film was uniform, crack-free and highly porous. And absorbance in visible region was enhanced after the deposition of CdS QDs on ITO mesoporous film. The photoelectrochemical property of the CdS QDssensitized ITO mesoporous film photoelectrode was investigated by forming a photoelectrochemical cell. Photocurrentevoltage measurement showed that the photoelectrode was efficient in the cell as working electrode.