Spectrum Measurement of Neutrons and Gamma-Rays from Thick H^(18)_2O Target Bombarded with 18 MeV Protons

M. Hagiwara,T. Sanami,K. Masumoto,Y. Iwamoto,N. Matsuda,Y. Sakamoto,Y. Nakane,H. Nakashima,Y. Uwamino 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23

Nuclear data on proton-induced neutron and γ-ray production in the energy range from 10 to 20 MeV is important to estimate the shield design and activation of low-energy cyclotron facilities for medical use such as production of radiopharmaceuticals in positron emission tomography (PET). We have measured double-differential thick target yields (TTYs) of neutrons and γ-rays from a ^(18)O-enriched water (H^(18)_2O) target induced by 18 MeV protons in order to estimate leakage radiations from a cyclotron and the neutron-induced activation in the production process of the ^(18)F-tagged fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) which is a common radiopharmaceuticals for PET. Neutrons and γ-rays were measured with 5.08 cm diameter × 5.08 cm long NE213 scintillators for eight laboratory angles between 15- and 150-degrees. After applying a neutron-γ-ray event separation using the pulse-shape-discrimination (PSD) technique the neutron and γ-ray events were analyzed by a time-of-flight (TOF) technique and an unfolding technique, respectively. The measured TTYs were compared with TENDL-2009 data library and the physical model calculations with MCNPX and PHITS. The calculated TTYs roughly agree with the measured data.

Genotypic characterization and steviol glycoside quantification in a population of  Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni from Paraguay

Liz Bogado-Villalba,Héctor Nakayama Nakashima,Rosanna Britos,Julio Cesar Masaru Iehisa,María Eugenia Flores Giubi 한국작물학회 2021 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.24 No.2

Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni is a widely grown species in various regions of the world, mainly due to its sweetening properties attributed to steviol glycosides. Despite the fact that Paraguay is the center of origin of S. rebaudiana , genetic characterization of local genotypes has not been studied. Considering that accumulation of steviol glycosides is a complex trait, molecular breeding could be an effective method for its improvement. Therefore, the identification of molecular markers associated with steviol glycoside accumulation is important. The aim of this study was to assess the genetic relationship among eight advanced lines of S. rebaudiana and two varieties selected from local germoplasm and quantify their steviol glycoside content. The stevioside and rebaudioside A content in methanolic extract was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the molecular characterization of the ten genotypes of S. rebaudiana was performed using SSR and ISSR markers. A wide range of variability was observed for the metabolites of interest under greenhouse conditions. The variety Eirete presented highest stevioside and rebausiode A content, followed by the variety Katupyry. One of the advanced line presented both metabolite content similar to that of Katupyry. Genotyping of these lines showed two main clusters. Cluster I contained the both varieties and advanced lines with higher stevioside and rebaudioside A content. Our results suggest that S. rebaudiana lines with genetic profi le similar to that of cluster I, determined mainly by genotype at the markers SUGMS 35 and ISSR 47, might present higher stevioside and rebaudioside A content.

저온환경에 있어서 VFA - TG 인공영양사육 면양의 제1위내 VFA 조성비율이 일반임상소견 및 제1위액성상에 미치는 영향

홍경선,정태영,좌야굉명,중도방야,지하농랑,안보가일 한국축산학회 1997 한국축산학회지 Vol.39 No.5

This study was conducted to investigate the combined effects of VFA composition of rumen fluid and cold exposure on the general clinical view and ruminal fermentation characteristics in sheep. Each infusion group was subjected to either thermoneutral (20±2 ℃) or cold environment (2±2℃) for 4 days. The total infusate of nutrients was examined in sheep via the technique of continuous alimentation. Four adult Suffolk sheep fitted with a permanent ruminal cannula and a simple T-shaped duodenal cannula were used. A peristaltic pump was used to infuse the solutions of volatile fatty acid triglycerides (VFA-TG, triacetin: tripropionin: tributyrin) consisting of 70:20:10 (low propionin division: LP) and 50:40:10 (high propionin division: HP) on the basis of energy and minerals into the rumen, and casein solution into the duodenum. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. During the cold exposure (latter half of the infusion period), respiration rate decreased (P$lt;0.10), but heart rate tended to increase in the thermoneutral environment. And respiration rate had no significant difference between the levels of VFA-TG solutions (LP and HP division), but heart rate was higher in the HP division than in the LP division (P$lt;0.10). 2. In the HP division, rectal temperature was lower (P$lt;0.001) in the cold exposure than in the thermoneutral environment, but remained unchanged by the temperature treatment in the LP division. During the thermoneutral environment, rectal temperature was higher in the HP division than in the LP division (P$lt;0.01), but remained unchanged by the levels of VFA-TG solutions in the cold exposure. 3. Urine pH values maintained the value of the thermoneutral environment during the latter half of the infusion period, and was lower (P$lt;0.05) in the HP division than in the LP division. 4. Ruminal total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration tended to increase in the cold exposure compared to that in the thermoneutral environment, and did not affect with the levels of VFA-TG solutions. 5. In the LP division, molar percent of acetate was higher (P$lt;0.10), but molar percent of propionate was lower (P$lt;0.05) in the cold exposure than in the thermoneutral environment. As a result, the ratio of acetate to propionate (A:P ratio) increased more (P$lt;0.10) in the cold exposure than in the thermoneutral environment. In the HP division, molar percents of acetate, propionate and butyrate were not affected by the temperature treatments. The results showed that the A:P ratio was not affected by the environmental temperature treatments. However the ratio was increased in the LP division than in the HP division (P$lt;0.001). 6. Ruminal pH values was not affected by the temperature treatments, but was higher (P$lt;0.001) in the LP division than in the HP division. And ruminal pH values tended to be higher in the HP division than in the LP division. 7. Infusion of VFA-TG into the rumen caused a marked increase (P$lt;0.01) in ruminal TG concentration during the cold exposure (latter half of the infusion period), but it was not affected by the levels of VFA-TG solutions.

고온환경에 있어서 면양의 제1위내 VFA 조성비율이 혈액성상(血液性狀) 및 혈액 산염기평형에 미치는 영향 : VFA - TG 인공영양사육법의 응용 Base Balance in Sheep Practical Application on the Intragastric Continuous Infusion of VFA - TG and Casein Solutions

홍경선,정태영,좌야굉명,지하농낭,중도방야,안보계일 한국축산학회 1997 한국축산학회지 Vol.39 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate the combined effects of VFA composition of rumen fluid and heat exposure on the blood constituents and acid-base balance in sheep. Each infusion group was subjected to either thermoneutral(20±2℃) or heat(30±2℃) environment for 4 days. Four adult Suffolk sheep fitted with a permanent ruminal cannula and a simple T-shaped duodenal cannula were used and infusion nutrients were examined by use of the continuous alimentation technique. A peristaltic pump was used to infuse the solutions of volatile fatty acid triglycerides(VFA-TG) consisting of 70 triacetin : 20 tripropionin : 10 tributyrin (low propionin division: LP) and 50 triacetin : 40 tripropionin : 10 tributyrin (high propionin division: HP) on the basis of energy and minerals into the rumen, and casein solution into the duodenum. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations almost remained unchanged by the temperature treatment and the levels of VFA-TG solutions(LP and HP). Plasma lactate concentration increased(P$lt;0.05) during the heat exposure at the HP division, but was not affected by the levels of VFA-TG solutions. Plasma TG concentration increased(P$lt;0.01) during the heat exposure at the LP division probably due to the days of VFA-TG infusion rather than the heat stress. Plasma urine-N concentration tended to be higher under the heat exposure and increased in the HP than LP division. 2. During the heat exposure at the LP division, blood HCO₃-concentration almost did not exhibit clear changes, but blood Pco₂ tended to be decreased and blood pH tended to be increased (condition of respiratory alkalosis), and blood base excess concentration tended to be higher. 3. Blood Hb concentration tended to be lower in the LP division but remained unchanged by the temperature treatment in the HP division and was not affected by the levels of VFA-TG solutions. 4. Blood Na^+ concentration tended to be lower under the heat environment than the thermoneutral environment. Blood K^+ concentration remained unchanged by temperature and the levels of VFA-TG solutions. Blood Ca^(2+) concentration

PbTiO_3 thin films grown on Pt-covered vicinal SrTiO_3(001) substrates

H. Fujisawa,H. Yane,Y. Hiki,S. Nakashima,M. Shimizu 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.31

We investigated the growth behavior and domain structure of PbTiO_3 thin films on Pt-covered SrTiO_3 (100) (STO) substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The step height and terrace width of single-crystalline Pt films on 1 - 4˚ vicinal STOs along [100] and [110] were 1 - 6 and 80 - 150 nm, respectively. PbTiO_3 films were grown in the Volmer-Weber mode on Pt-covered vicinal STOs, and nanosized islands were formed at the early growth stage. Atomic force microscopy revealed that nucleation of PbTiO_3 predominantly occurred at ascending steps on the Pt surface, and that the lateral growth of PbTiO_3 islands was limited by the steps. X-ray diffraction analysis and piezoresponse force microscopy indicated that a-domain and misfit dislocations were anisotropically introduced in PbTiO_3 thin films on Pt/4˚-vicinal STO along [100]. On [110]-vicinal STOs, no significant influence of the vicinal substrate on the growth behavior or domain structure of PbTiO_3 was observed.

Development of a Microwave Discharge Ion Engine using Multi-Monopole Antenna

H. Nakashima,T. Miyamoto,K. Mii,T. Nishijima,H. Ijiri 한국추진공학회 2004 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.5

Study on Passage Flow of Shrouded and Unshrouded Centrifugal Impellers

H. Miyamoto,Y. Nakashima,H. Ohba 대한기계학회 1990 KSME/JSME THERMAL and FLUID Engineering Conference Vol.2 No.1

Shielding Experiments under JASMIN Collaboration at Fermilab (IV) Measurement and Analyses of High-Energy Neutron Spectra in the Anti-Proton Target Station

N. Matsuda,Y. Kasugai,Y. Sakamoto,H. Nakashima,H. Matsumura,H. Iwase,N. Kinoshitay,H. Hirayama,H. Yashima,N. Mokhov,A. Levering,D. Boehnlein,K. Vazili,L. Gary,S. Wayne,K. Oishi,T. Nakamura,K. Ishibash 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23

Neutron spectra in high-energy region between 1 and 100 MeV in the shield configuration of the anti-proton target station and a 120-GeV proton beam at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) were determined using the reaction rate data obtained with the multi-foil activation method. Two kinds of methods were employed for the determination of neutron spectra: one is the fitting method which is newly developed in this work, another is the unfolding method with SAND-II code. The calculations were performed using the PHITS. From the comparison between the calculated and experimental neutron spectra, it concluded that the PHITS can be used for shielding design of highenergy proton accelerators.

Shielding Experiments under JASMIN Collaboration at Fermilab (I) Overview of the Research Activities

Y. Kasugai,N. Matsuda,Y. Iwamoto,Y. Sakamoto,H. Nakashima,H. Matsumura,N. Kinoshitay,H. Iwase,T. Sanami,M. Hagiwara,H. Hirayama,H. Yashima,N. Sigyo,H. Arakawa,K. Ishibashi,N. Mokhov,A. Leveling,D. Boe 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23

Shielding experiments were started on 2007 using high-energy proton accelerator at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) under the collaborative study program of JASMIN: Japanese and American Study of Muon Interaction and Neutron Detection. In this series of papers entitled "Shielding experiments under JASMIN collaboration at Fermilab", the part of the results regarding neutron detection has been reported. This paper, as a first paper of the series, overview of the research activities are described, and experimental results on high-energy neutron transportation are presented in a viewpoint of neutron attenuation in steel shield and applicability of Moyer's model. In addition, deductions of a neutron spectrum in wide energy range between 1 eV and 100 MeV by means of the hybrid method using the current-readout Bonner sphere together with foil-activation technique are presented.

Status of JENDL High Energy File

Y. Watanabe,K. Kosako,S. Kunieda,S. Chiba,R. Fujimoto,H. Harada,M. Kawai,F. Maekawa,T. Murata,H. Nakashima,K. Niita,N. Shigyo,S. Shimakawa,N. Yamano,T. Fukahori 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23

The present status of the JENDL high-energy file is reported. The recent version (referred to as JENDL/HE-2007) contains neutron and proton cross section data for energies up to 3 GeV for 107 nuclides over the wide mass range from H to Am. The newly evaluated data for 41 nuclides have been added to the first version (JENDL/HE-2004) along with some revisions. The JENDL/HE-2007 includes neutron total cross sections, nucleon elastic scattering cross sections and angular distributions, nonelastic cross sections, production cross sections and double-differential cross sections of secondary light particles (n, p, d, t, ^3He, α, and π) and gamma-rays, isotope production cross sections, and fission cross sections in the ENDF-6 format. The evaluations were performed on the basis of experimental data, nuclear model calculations, and systematics based on measurements. The evaluated cross sections are compared with available experimental data and the other evaluations. Some results of benchmark tests with MCNPX codes are shown.