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Tagatose, the New GRAS Sweetener and Health Product
Gilbert V. Levin 한국식품영양과학회 2002 Journal of medicinal food Vol.5 No.1
Tagatose, a low-calorie, full-bulk natural sugar, has just attained GRAS (Generally RecognizedAs Safe) status under U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations, thereby permit-ting its use as a sweetener in foods and beverages. This paper presents all current aspects oftagatose with respect to demonstrated food and beverage applications and the potential healthand medical benefits of this unique substance. Summarized studies are referenced to detailedpeer-reviewed papers. The safety studies followed the recommendations in the FDA “ RedBook.” Results were submitted to an Expert Panel for determination of GRAS status underFDA regulation. Small phase 2 clinical trials showed tagatose to be effective in treating type2 diabetes. The results, buttressed by the references cited, support the efficacy of the variousapplications disclosed for tagatose. Tagatose has been found to be safe and efficacious for useas a low-calorie, full-bulk swetener in a wide variety of foods, beverages, health foods, anddietary suplements. It fills broad, heretofore unmet neds for a low-calorie sweetener in prod-ucts in which the bulk of sugar is important, such as chocolates, chewing gum, cakes, ice cream,and frosted cereals. Its synergism with high-intensity sweeteners also makes it useful in so-das. Various health and medical benefits are indicated, including the treatment of type 2 dia-betes, hyperglycemia, anemia, and hemophilia and the improvement of fetal development.23
Gilbert H. Gornig 전북대학교 법학연구소 2015 法學硏究 Vol.46 No.-
There are those, who shake their heads uncomprehendingly or remain silent when, Heimat “Homeland” is being discussed. It could in part stem from the fact that their father was a civil servant, who was constantly retransferred or perhaps from being sent off to a boarding school, by parents who had marital difficulties, where a sense of homeland could not develop. Unfortunately many people today, confuse feelings of belonging to a homeland with nationalism, despite one having absolutely nothing to do with the other. It is also possible that the modern way of life leads to more and more people moving around and staying put not being viewed as worthwhile. Perhaps only those who have lost their homeland understand what it is. Is a homeland even that which is lost? Are there possibilities of winning back a homeland? Is it ever allowed to drive people from their ancestral homeland? Does their right to a homeland not mean that others, who also claim this right for themselves must suffer an injustice? Can one as a result add claims against others to their right to a homeland? International law deals with such questions, therefore this article on the right to a homeland and the prohibition of population transfer and expropriation, expresses the view of an international lawyer\legal scholar.
Contact Load and Stiffness of Four-Point Contact Ball Bearings Under Loading
Gilbert Rivera,Van-Canh Tong,Seong-Wook Hong 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.23 No.6
Four-point contact ball bearings (X-ACBBs) are highly effective in applications requiring support for shafts that feature a high ratio of diameter to unsupported axial length and axial loading in two directions. In an eff ort to predict and understand problems that have been reported in X-ACCB usage, new modeling and analysis of the contact load and stiff ness of X-ACBBs has been presented. The new model features a quasi-static model for X-ACBBs subjected to five degrees-of-freedom loading and displacement. The model was validated against numerical ball contact loads available in the literature. A numerical investigation was then performed to study the effects on ball contact loads and stiff ness of rotational speed, external loads, and various geometric parameters of bearings such as arching dimension and unloaded contact angle. Under pure axial load, increasing the rotational speed causes an abrupt change in X-ACBB stiff ness when the ball contact changes from two-point to three-point contact. Gyroscopic moment reduces the speed at which transition from two-point to three-point contact occurs. The dependence of X-ACBB stiff ness on arching dimension and unloaded contact angle reveals that those parameters are critical for the design of X-ACBBs.
Foreign capital, Processing Incentives, and Urban Unemployment
Gilbert, John,Wahl, Thomas 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 2002 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.17 No.2
We use a general equilibrium model of a small developing economy with urban unempolyment to illustrate the impact of processing incentives in the presence of foreign owned factors of production. We show that the location of the processing industry plays a crucial role in determining whether or not processing incentives will raise welfare through employment effects, but, once stability conditions are imposed, does not alter the positive investment terms-of -trade effect resulting from foreign ownership of resources.