Performance analysis tool for reinforced concrete members

Asad Esmaeily,Robert J. Peterman 한국계산역학회 2007 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.4 No.5

A computer program was developed to analyze the non-linear, cyclic flexural performance of reinforced concrete structural members under various types of loading paths including non-sequential variations in axial load. This performance is significantly affected by the loading history. Different monotonic material models as well as hysteresis rules for confined and unconfined concrete and steel, some developed and calibrated against test results on material samples, were implemented in a fiber-based moment-curvature and in turn force-deflection analysis. One of the assumptions on curvature distribution along the member was based on a method developed to address the variation of the plastic hinge length as a result of loading pattern. Functionality of the program was verified by reproduction of analytical results obtained by others for several cases, and accuracy of the analytical process and the implemented models were evaluated against the experimental results from large-scale reinforced concrete columns tested under the analyzed loading cases. While the program can be used to predict the response of a member under a certain loading pattern, it can also be used to examine various analytical models and methods or refine a custom material model against test data.

Biological significance of the multiple PLA2s in Frankliniella occidentalis

Mojtaba Esmaeily,Yonggyun Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2023 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.10

Eicosanoids represent a category of oxygenated C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids that play a crucial role in regulating various physiological functions in insects. These compounds are synthesized from phospholipids through the enzymatic activity of phospholipaseA2 (PLA2). In this study, we investigated four PLA2 genes encoded in the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, with a focus on understanding their specific functions through a variety of experimental approaches. Among the four PLA2s identified, Fo-PLA2A and Fo-PLA2B fall under the category of Ca2+-independent cellular PLA2 (iPLA2), while Fo-PLA2C and Fo-PLA2D are classified a secretory PLA2 (sPLA2). Enzyme activity assays showed that all developmental stages of the thrips exhibited significant activity against both types of PLA2 substrates (arachidonic acid (AA) and non-AA), albeit with variations in enzyme kinetics across different developmental stages. Further examination revealed that all four PLA2 genes were expressed in every developmental stage. Fo-PLA2B and Fo-PLA2C displayed higher expression levels in larvae, while Fo-PLA2A and Fo-PLA2D were predominantly expressed in female and male adults, respectively. These findings support the hypothesis that PLA2s likely serve specific functions during distinct developmental stages. Our results indicated that PLA2s play pivotal roles in mediating various physiological processes such as immunity, development, and reproduction. So, the differential expression of certain PLA2s in various stages suggests that each PLA2 may have a specific role during different stages. Additionally we conducted flouorescens in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis to localize PLA2 transcripts in different tissues, shedding light on their specific functions within these tissues. In summary, the four identified PLA2s are associated with distinct catalytic activities and exhibit differential expressions across developmental stages and tissues, collectively contributing to various physiological processes.

Software for biaxial cyclic analysis of reinforced concrete columns

Fatemeh Shirmohammadi,Asad Esmaeily 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2016 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.17 No.3

Realistic assessment of the performance of reinforced concrete structural members like columns is needed for designing new structures or maintenance of the existing structural members. This assessment requires analytical capability of employing proper material models and cyclic rules and considering various load and displacement patterns. A computer application was developed to analyze the non-linear, cyclic flexural performance of reinforced concrete structural members under various types of loading paths including non-sequential variations in axial load and bi-axial cyclic load or displacement. Different monotonic material models as well as hysteresis rules, were implemented in a fiber-based moment-curvature and in turn force-deflection analysis, using proper assumptions on curvature distribution along the member, as in plastic-hinge models. Performance of the program was verified against analytical results by others, and accuracy of the analytical process and the implemented models were evaluated in comparison to the experimental results. The computer application can be used to predict the response of a member with an arbitrary cross section and various type of lateral and longitudinal reinforcement under different combinations of loading patterns in axial and bi-axial directions. On the other hand, the application can be used to examine analytical models and methods using proper experimental data.

고추 재배지 TSWV 감염 파총채벌레(Thrips tabaci) 발견 및 체내 바이러스 증식

김철영,Eticha Abdisa,Mojtaba Esmaeily,Falguni Khan,이대홍,김용균 한국농약과학회 2023 농약과학회지 Vol.27 No.2

다양한 식물을 대상으로 식물병을 유발하는 토마토반점위조바이러스 (Tomato spotted wilt virus: TSWV)가고추에 막대한 경제적 피해를 주고 있다 . 이 바이러스의 수평전파는 일부 총채벌레에 의존하는 데, 국내에서 재배되는 고추에서는 꽃노랑총채벌레 (Frankliniella occidentalis)와 대만총채벌레 (F. i n t o n s a )가 주요 매개충으로 알려졌다 . 본 연구는 이들 두 총채벌레 이외에 파총채벌레 (Thrips tabaci)도 고추에 TSWV를 매개할 수 있다는 결과를 보고한다. 월동 초기 고추 육묘장에 파총채벌레가 황색점착트랩에 포획되었다 . 다중 PCR 진단기술을 이용하여 전체 포획총채벌레에 대해서 기주와 TSWV 감염 유무를 판정한 결과 , 기존의 두 총채벌레에 비해 더 높은 비율로 파총채벌레가 TSWV를 보독하는 것을 확인하였다 . 보독된 파총채벌레에서 TSWV 유전자 가운데 N 유전자 염기서열 (777 nucleotides)을 분석한 결과 동일 지역에서 보독된 꽃노랑총채벌레 및 대만총채벌레에서 유래된 TSWV 유전자 서열과 단 1개의 nucleotide를 제외하고 모두 일치하였다 . 실제로 이들 총채벌레를 채집한 육묘장의 고추에서는 TSWV 감염 병징을 나타냈다 . 보독된 파총채벌레 체내에서 바이러스 입자를 확인하기 위해 면역형광기법으로 상이한 조직을 관찰한 결과 중장 상피세포와 침샘에서 특이적으로 관찰되었다 . 또한 , 이 바이러스가 파총채벌레 체내에서 증식하는지를 알아보기 위해 RT-qPCR로 시기별로 바이러스 농도를 분석한 결과 유충에서 성충으로 발육하는 동안 최소 2 회의 바이러스 농도 증가 피크를 보였다 . 이상의 결과는 국내 서식하는 파총채벌레가 고추를 대상으로 TSWV 매개능력을 보유한다는 것으로 제시하고 있다 .

Association between the empirical dietary inflammatory index and musculoskeletal pain in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study

Mahshid Rezaei,Zahra Tajary,Zahra Esmaeily,Atefeh Eyvazkhani,Shahrzad Daei,Marjan Mansouri Dara,Mohaddeseh Rezaei,Abolghassem Djazayeri,Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh 질병관리본부 2023 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.14 No.1

Objectives: Inflammation has been proposed to be one of the main causes of musculoskeletal pain. Diet is a lifestyle factor that plays an important role in managing inflammation; thus, we assessed the inflammatory potential of diets using the empirical dietary inflammatory index (EDII) to investigate the relationship between diet and musculoskeletal pain. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 212 elderly individuals who were selected from health centers in Tehran, Iran. Dietary intake was evaluated using a valid and reliable 147-item food frequency questionnaire. To measure the intensity of pain, a visual analogue scale was used. Multiple linear regression was applied to assess the association between the EDII and musculoskeletal pain. Results: In total, 62.7% and 37.3% of participants had mild and severe pain, respectively. The EDII values were 0.97±0.72 and 1.10±0.66, respectively, in those with mild and severe pain. A higher EDII score was associated with more intense musculoskeletal pain after adjusting for age and sex (β=0.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.06–0.26; p<0.001), but not after adjustment for other confounders (β=–0.13; 95% CI, –1.54 to 0.60; p=0.39). Conclusion: Our findings indicated that higher dietary inflammation might not be associated with musculoskeletal pain in older adults. However, further investigations are required to confirm these findings.

Are Clinical, Laboratory, and Imaging Markers Suitable Predictors of Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children With Their First Febrile Urinary Tract Infection?

Abolfazl Mahyar,Parviz Ayazi,Shiva Mavadati,Sonia Oveisi,Morteza Habibi,Shiva Esmaeily 대한비뇨의학회 2014 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.55 No.8

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the predictive value of clinical, laboratory,and imaging variables for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux in children withtheir first febrile urinary tract infection. Materials and Methods: One hundred fifty-three children with their first febrile urinarytract infection were divided into two groups according to the results of voiding cystourethrography:60 children with vesicoureteral reflux and 93 children without. Thesensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, likelihood ratio (positiveand negative), and accuracy of the clinical, laboratory, and imaging variables for thediagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux were determined. Results: Of the 153 children with febrile urinary tract infection, 60 patients (39.2%)had vesicoureteral reflux. There were significant differences between the two groupsregarding fever>38oC, suprapubic pain, C-reactive protein quantitative level, numberof red blood cells in the urine, and results of renal ultrasound and dimercaptosuccinicacid renal scanning (p<0.05). There were significant positive correlations between fever>38.2oC and dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scanning and vesicoureteral reflux. Also, there were significant positive correlations between the erythrocyte sedimentationrate, positive urinary nitrite test, hyaline cast, and renal ultrasound andhigh-grade vesicoureteral reflux. Conclusions: This study revealed fever>38.2oC and dimercaptosuccinic acid renalscanning as the best predictive markers for vesicoureteral reflux in children with theirfirst febrile urinary tract infection. In addition, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, positiveurinary nitrite test, hyaline cast, and renal ultrasound are the best predictivemarkers for high-grade vesicoureteral reflux.

Software for adaptable eccentric analysis of confined concrete circular columns

Hayder A. Rasheed,Ahmed M. Abd El-Fattah,Asad Esmaeily,John P. Jones,Kenneth F. Hurst 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2012 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.10 No.4

This paper describes the varying material model, the analysis method and the software development for reinforced concrete circular columns confined by spiral or hoop transverse steel reinforcement and subjected to eccentric loading. The widely used Mander model of concentric loading is adapted here to eccentric loading by developing an auto-adjustable stress-strain curve based on the eccentricity of the axial load or the size of the compression zone to generate more accurate interaction diagrams. The prediction of the ultimate unconfined capacity is straight forward. On the other hand, the prediction of the actual ultimate capacity of confined concrete columns requires specialized nonlinear analysis. This nonlinear procedure is programmed using C-Sharp to build efficient software that can be used for design, analysis, extreme event evaluation and forensic engineering. The software is equipped with an elegant graphics interface that assimilates input data, detail drawings, capacity diagrams and demand point mapping in a single sheet. Options for preliminary design, section and reinforcement selection are seamlessly integrated as well. Improvements to KDOT Bridge Design Manual using this software with reference to AASHTO LRFD are made.

Association between vitamin D and urinary tract infection in children

Mahyar, Abolfazl,Ayazi, Parviz,Safari, Sara,Dalirani, Reza,Javadi, Amir,Esmaeily, Shiva The Korean Pediatric Society 2018 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.61 No.3

Purpose: The present study aimed to determine the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level and Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. Methods: In this case-control study, 70 children with UTI (case group) were compared with 70 healthy children (control group) in terms of serum 25(OH)D levels. The children were between 1 month and 12 years of age. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were analyzed and compared between both groups. Results: Among 70 children with UTI (case group), 5 children (7.2%) were male and 65 (92.8%) were female. Among the healthy children (control group), 9 (12.8%) and 61 children (87.2%) were male and female, respectively (P=0.39). The $mean{\pm}standard$ deviation of age in the case and control groups were $53.2{\pm}35.6$ and $36.1{\pm}60.2months$, respectively (P=0.24). The mean level of serum 25(OH)D in the case group was significantly higher than that of the control group ($20.4{\pm}8.6ng/mL$ vs. $16.9{\pm}7.4ng/mL$, P=0.01) Conclusion: This study showed that there was a relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and UTI in children. It seems that 25(OH)D plays a role in the pathogenesis of UTI.

Association between vitamin D and urinary tract infection in children

Abolfazl Mahyar,Parviz Ayazi,Sara Safari,Reza Dalirani,Amir Javadi,Shiva Esmaeily 대한소아청소년과학회 2018 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.61 No.3

Purpose: The present study aimed to determine the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level and Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. Methods: In this case-control study, 70 children with UTI (case group) were compared with 70 healthy children (control group) in terms of serum 25(OH)D levels. The children were between 1 month and 12 years of age. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were analyzed and compared between both groups. Results: Among 70 children with UTI (case group), 5 children (7.2%) were male and 65 (92.8%) were female. Among the healthy children (control group), 9 (12.8%) and 61 children (87.2%) were male and female, respectively (P=0.39). The mean±standard deviation of age in the case and control groups were 53.2±35.6 and 36.1±60.2 months, respectively (P=0.24). The mean level of serum 25(OH)D in the case group was significantly higher than that of the control group (20.4±8.6 ng/mL vs. 16.9±7.4 ng/mL, P= 0.01) Conclusion: This study showed that there was a relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and UTI in children. It seems that 25(OH)D plays a role in the pathogenesis of UTI.

Dynamic instability response in nanocomposite pipes conveying pulsating ferrofluid flow considering structural damping effects

Esmaeili, Hemat Ali,Khaki, Mehran,Abbasi, Morteza Techno-Press 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.68 No.3

This paper deals with the dynamic stability of nanocomposite pipes conveying pulsating ferrofluid. The pipe is reinforced by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) where the agglomeration of CNTs are considered based on Mori-Tanaka model. Due to the existence of CNTs and ferrofluid flow, the structure and fluid are subjected to axial magnetic field. Based on Navier-Stokes equation and considering the body forced induced by magnetic field, the external force of fluid to the pipe is derived. For mathematical modeling of the pipe, the first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) is used where the energy method and Hamilton's principle are used for obtaining the motion equations. Using harmonic differential quadrature method (HDQM) and Bolotin's method, the motion equations are solved for calculating the excitation frequency and dynamic instability region (DIR) of the structure. The influences of different parameters such as volume fraction and agglomeration of CNTs, magnetic field, structural damping, viscoelastic medium, fluid velocity and boundary conditions are shown on the DIR of the structure. Results show that with considering agglomeration of CNTs, the DIR shifts to the lower excitation frequencies. In addition, the DIR of the structure will be happened at higher excitation frequencies with increasing the magnetic field.