King Lear : An Example of Dramatic Juxtaposotion of the Worlds of Romance and Tragedy

Son Dongchul(손동철) 한국셰익스피어학회 2001 셰익스피어 비평 Vol.37 No.3

셰익스피어는 비극마다 새로운 극작술을 실험했듯이,<리어왕>에서 가장 두드러진 점은 리어의 비극 세계와 에드가의 로망스 세계가 대비되는 구조에 있다. 이 대비 구조를 분석하는 접근 방법은 중세 기사문학의 패턴을 차용히여 작품의 비극성을 강조하는 극작가의 의도를 밝히는데 그 목적이 있다. 따라서 논문의 첫 부분은 <리어왕>에 나타난 로망스의 특징을 파악하는 데 초점을 맞춘다. 로망스의 기본 구조는 선과 악의 도덕적 대립이다. 정직한 코딜리아와 사악한 두 언니 고너릴, 리건의 대립이나 적자 에드가와 그의 자리를 노리며 권력에 대한 탐욕을 키우는 서자 에드먼드의 대립이 갈등의 축을 이루듯이, 로망스에선 미덕을 갖춘 남녀 주인공은 이상적 인물로 그려지고 악한은 그들의 앞길을 방해하는 인물로 등장한다. 이와 같은 도덕적 대립과 갈등이 각기 다른 이야기에서 출발하는 것은 <리어 왕>이 중세 기사문학이나 도덕극에서 흔히 보는 이중 플롯을 택하고 있기 때문이다. 이 이중 플롯의 근간은 리어에 관한 중심 플롯에 글로스터의 이야기가 부차적인 플롯으로 병렬된 구조에 있다. 그러나 이 이중 플롯은 엄격한 병렬 구조라기보다 리어의 가족 이야기에 글로스터 집안의 이야기가 접목되는 구성이다. 이러한 구성 속에서, 에드가와 글로스터의 동반여행이나 에드먼드와 고너릴, 리건의 음모 는 관념 중심의 리어 이야기에 연극적 행위의 풍요함을 더하는 한편, 글로스터의 비극은 리어 이야기의 비극성을 증가시키는 효과를 낳는다. 이 논문의 첫 부분이 <리어왕>에 나타난 로망스 문학의 특징을, 예를 들어, 바다괴물의 상징성, 주인공과 악한의 유형 등을 인물의 극적 기능과 연관지어 예시 한다면, 둘째 부분은 로망스와 비극의 대비 구조에서 리어 이야기의 비극성이 심화되는 그 극적 효과를 분석하는 데 스포트라이트를 맞춘다.

셰익스피어의 비희극과 장르적 특성

손동철(Dongchul Son) 한국셰익스피어학회 2003 셰익스피어 비평 Vol.39 No.1

This essays will attempt to define tragicomedy as a generic term by analyzing Renaissance Italian playwright Guarini's practice and his theory as well as Shakespeare's late plays that I would call tragicomedies, such as Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter's Tale, and The Tempest. Tragicomedy is not a simple combination of tragic and comic elements. Instead, Guarini emphasized the art of selection, recommending that the artist take "from tragedy its great persons but not its great action, its verisimilar plot but not its true one, its movement of feelings but not its disturbance of them; from comedy laughter that is not excessive, modest amusement, feigned difficulty, happy reversal, and above all the comic order." These formulations remain true for Shakespeare's tragicomedy, although variations do depend upon degrees of tragic and comic elements. Structurally and thematically, Guarinian and Shakespearean tragicomedy shares common background: disrupted providential order or universally accepted moral order in personal lives as well as in state affairs comes to restoration. This broad perspective on human experience is tragicomic because happiness comes only after truculent vicissitudes. So this tragicomic vision shapes the pattern of plot development, which prescribes tragic necessity that unfolds in a plot leading to a tragic catastrophe but eventually reaching a happy outcome brought about by the benevolent divine will and, sometimes, by human efforts as well. Since the principal characters in tragicomedy are women in love, action in tragicomedy is often organized around a theme of love as well as around broad expression of abstract ideals such as chastity, constancy, and honor, or their antitheses. For his tragicomedies Shakespeare experimented different dramaturgies and patterns of plot development. Pericles is episodic but the main tragic characters' unpredictable fates create suspense, sustaining a nearly shapeless plot. Cymbeline displays the playwright's artistic experiment on great complexity of its plot as well as on a pattern of alternating serious and tragic scenes with the pleasant and comic. Some flaws in the two earlier tragicomedies constitute a significant step towards the magnificent achievements of The Winter's Tale and The Tempest. The Winter's Tale combines the grim psychopathology of Shakespearean tragedy with the visionary optimism of a romantic comedy. Magic is a vital ingredient of The Tempest and, magically, Antonio's earlier conspiracy against Prospero is re-enacted through the actions of the two groups of conspirators, while the island becomes a big mirror reflecting the human nature as complex and ambiguous as a vision. The themes of The Tempest are multifarious and mingled and contrasted, but nevertheless the various elements come together in a traditional comedic happy ending of reconciliation and regeneration. And almost the same is Shakespearean tragicomedy.

대학 영어성취도와 고교 영어성취도의 상관관계

손동철(Son Dongchul) 한국외국어교육학회 2004 Foreign languages education Vol.11 No.1

This study is aimed to identify how college freshman English achievement correlates to two factors of high school English achievement: high school academic records of English and CSAT English scores. The subjects were 160 freshmen who enrolled in ‘English Conversation 1’ in their first semester and ‘English Conversation 2’ in their second. Of 160 students, 143 students, the regular admission group, were admitted to the university based on their high school academic records and CSAT scores, while the remaining 17 students, the early admission group, were admitted based only on their high school academic records. The subjects’college English achievements were divided into two categories: one was class preparation (including participation, attendance, and assignments), and the other was exams including the midterm, basically a listening test, and the final, composed of writing and grammar tests. Results showed that the regular admission group’s college English achievement correlated closely with the group’s CSAT English scores and high school academic records of English while there was a lack of correlation between the early admission group’s college English achievement and its high school academic records of English.

카버의 『내가 전화를 거는 곳』과 런던의 『불 피우기』에 나타난 목표의식과 실천의지에 대한 비교 연구

손동철(Dongchul Son) 한국동서비교문학학회 2017 동서 비교문학저널 Vol.0 No.41

Raymond Carver’s “Where I’m Calling From” is a story about the first-person narrator, an unnamed alcoholic in a rehabilitation facility. This paper aims at showing a positive perspective on life of the narrator, analyzing the author’s intention to allude to Jack London’s The Call of the Wild, a novel about a wolf-dog who recovers his wild nature and returns to nature, and “To Build a Fire,” a short story about an unnamed protagonist called ‘the man’ who, in his travel on the frozen Yukon land, freezes to death as he fails to build a fire. The analysis of Carver’s creative purpose mainly focuses on comparing the unnamed narrator’s determination to recover from his uncontrolled alcoholism with the unnamed man’s attempt to build his second fire with his frozen, uncontrolled hands. Inasmuch as the man in London’s story fails to survive, his tremendous willpower to survive is quite memorable; the narrator in Carver’s story, who denied his own alcoholism and his girlfriend’s possible cancer, ultimately confronts these fears and refusals, which cease to paralyze him. Even though Carver’s story is open-ended, the narrator’s changed attitude towards life suggests a hopeful, but not promising, future.

정보화와 문화

손동철 위덕대학교부설 신라학연구소 1998 新羅學硏究 Vol.2 No.-

PULSED NEUTRON FACILITY BASED ON AN ELECTRON LINAC

Kim, Guinyun,Son, Dongchul,Lee, Youngseok,Ko, In Soo,Cho, Moo-Hyun,Namkyung, Won,Chang, Jonghwa 대한방사선 방어학회 2001 방사선방어학회지 Vol.26 No.3

The Pohang Neutron Facility based on an electron linac was constructed in order to construct the infrastructure for nuclear data production in Korea. It consists of a 100-MeV electron linac, a water-cooled Ta target, and an 11-m time-of-flight path. We pleasured the time-of-flight path length, the neutron energy spectra for different water levels inside the moderator, and the neutron total cross sections of polyethylene and copper by the transmission method.

Nuclear Data Production Facility Based on Electron Linac

Guinyun Kim,Dongchul Son,Hengsik Kang,Hossain Ahmed,In Soo Ko,Moo-Hyun Cho,Rachid Marchrafi,Vadim Skoy,Won Namkung,Young Seok Lee 한국물리학회 2003 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.43 No.42

The Pohang Neutron Facility, which is based on an electron linear accelerator, has been equipped with a new CAMAC data acquisition system consisting of a neutron-gamma separation circuit and a four-position sample changer for nuclear data production and for basic science experiments using neutrons. The system has been tested by measuring the neutron ux and the neutron total crosssections of natural W and Ti samples with the 6Li-ZnS (Ag) scintillator by using the neutron timeof- ight method. The measured neutron total cross-sections are compared with other measured data and the evaluation data in ENDF/B-VI. The present measurements are in generally good agreement with other data and the evaluated data.

불평형 질량이 공작기계 주축계의 마찰토크에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

손영(Young Son),한동철(DongChul Han) 한국정밀공학회 1999 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.1999 No.5월

Studies of Test Stand of Polarized Electron Cathode at Pohang Accelerator Laboratory

Jangho Park,Dongchul Son,Guinyun Kim,In Soo Ko,Moo-Hyun Cho,Sungju Park,Won Namkung 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.44 No.52

Spin-polarized electrons have been generated from a GaAs crystal whose surface was coated with a NEA (negative electron anity) layer. The electron polarization was measured using the Mott polarimeter. The work was done utilizing the photocathode test-stand in the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory. That stand was constructed to characterize GaAs photocathodes for use in PES (polarized slectron source) development. The test-stand consists of a GaAs crystal, devices for NEA surface production, an electrostatic bend, and a Mott polarimeter. All components, except the polarimeter are contained in a extremely high vacuum (XHV) chamber that can provide a vacuum better than 5 10က10 Torr. Circularly polarized photons are provided by a multi-color laser with quarter-wavelength plates. In order to have a clean surface on the GaAs crystal, which is essential for successful production of a NEA layer, we have adopted the method of hydrogen glow-discharge cleaning. With careful cathode cleaning and activation (NEA surface production), spin-polarized electrons are routinely generated with a quantum eciency of 3.01 % and a polarization of 30.4 %.

PULSED NEUTRON FACILITY BASED ON AN ELECTRON LINAC

Guinyun KIM,Dongchul SON,Youngseok LEE,In Soo KO,Moo-Hyun CHO,Won NAMKUNG,Jonghwa CHANG 대한방사선방어학회 2001 방사선방어학회지 Vol.26 No.3