Enhancing Raw Bovine Milk Quality using Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) Irradiation: A Microbial and Lipid Peroxidation Study

Davids Makararpong,Supawan Tantayanon,Chupun Gowanit,Jiranij Jareonsawat,Sukuma Samgnamnim,Sirirat Wataradee,Henk Hogeveen,Chaidate Inchaisri 한국축산식품학회 2024 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.44 No.2

This study investigated the efficacy of ultraviolet-C (UV-C) irradiation in enhancing the quality of raw bovine milk by targeting microbial populations and lipid peroxidation, both of which are key factors in milk spoilage. We categorized the raw milk samples into three groups based on initial bacterial load: low (<3 Log 10 CFU/mL), medium (3–4 Log 10 CFU/mL), and high (>4 Log 10 CFU/mL). Using a 144 W thin-film UV-C reactor, we treated the milk with a flow rate of 3 L/min. We measured the bacterial count including standard plate count, coliform count, coagulase-negative staphylococci count, and lactic acid bacteria count and lipid peroxidation (via thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay) pre- and post-treatment. Our results show that UV-C treatment significantly reduced bacterial counts, with the most notable reductions observed in high and medium initial load samples (>4 and 3–4 Log 10 CFU/mL, respectively). The treatment was particularly effective against coliforms, showing higher reduction efficiency compared to coagulase-negative staphylococci and lactic acid bacteria. Notably, lipid peroxidation in UV-C treated milk was significantly lower than in pasteurized or untreated milk, even after 72 hours. These findings demonstrate the potential of UV-C irradiation as a pre-treatment method for raw milk, offering substantial reduction in microbial content and prevention of lipid peroxidation, thereby enhancing milk quality.

Degradation of thin carbon-backed lithium fluoride targets bombarded by 68 MeV 17O beams

김용현,Davids B.,Williams M.,Hudson K.H.,Upadhyayula S.,Alcorta M.,Machule P.,Esker N.E.,Griffin C.J.,Williams J.,Yates D.,Lennarz A.,Angus C.,Hackman G.,김동건,J. Son,Park J.,Pak K.,김용균 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.3

To analyze the cause of the destruction of thin, carbon-backed lithium fluoride targets during a measurement of the fusion of 7Li and 17O, we estimate theoretically the lifetimes of carbon and LiF films due to sputtering, thermal evaporation, and lattice damage and compare them with the lifetime observed in the experiment. Sputtering yields and thermal evaporation rates in carbon and LiF films are too low to play significant roles in the destruction of the targets.We estimate the lifetime of the target due to lattice damage of the carbon backing and the LiF film using a previously reported model. In the experiment, elastically scattered target and beam ions were detected by surface silicon barrier (SSB) detectors so that the product of the beam flux and the target density could be monitored during the experiment. The areas of the targets exposed to different beam intensities and fluences were degraded and then perforated, forming holes with a diameter around the beam spot size. Overall, the target thickness tends to decrease linearly as a function of the beam fluence. However, the thickness also exhibits an increasing interval after SSB counts per beam ion decreases linearly, extending the target lifetime. The lifetime of thin LiF film as determined by lattice damage is calculated for the first time using a lattice damage model, and the calculated lifetime agrees well with the observed target lifetime during the experiment. In experiments using a thin LiF target to induce nuclear reactions, this study suggests methods to predict the lifetime of the LiF film and arrange the experimental plan for maximum efficiency

Short- and long-term effect of colorectal cancer targeting peptides conjugated to gold nanoparticles in rats’ liver and colon after single exposure

Adewale Olusola B.,Cairncross Lynn,Xakaza Hlumisa,Wickens Nicolas,Anadozie Scholastica O.,Davids Hajierah,Roux Saartjie 한국독성학회 2022 Toxicological Research Vol.38 No.3

Peptides play important roles in the diagnosis, prognostic predictors, and treatment of various kinds of cancer. Peptides (p.C, p.L and p.14), derived from the phage display peptide libraries, specifically binds to colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in vitro. To allow tumor specificity and selectivity for in vivo diagnosis of CRC, biotinylated p.C, p.L and p.14 were conjugated to AuNPs (14 nm) via the biotin-streptavidin interaction. Male Wistar rats were intravenously injected with a single dose (100 μg/kg body weight) of AuNPs (citrate-AuNPs, PEG-AuNPs, p.C-PEG-, p.L-PEG- and p.14-PEG-AuNPs). Animals were monitored for behavioral changes, and sacrificed either 14 days or 84 days post-injection. Biochemical changes, oxidative stress, and histology of the liver and colon were assessed. No significant changes were noted in the rats injected with all the AuNPs, except p.L-PEG-AuNPs that caused significant toxicity (p < 0.05) 14 days post-exposure when compared to control group, as evidenced by increased relative liver weight, increased malondialdehyde levels and histological changes in the liver. These changes, however, returned to normalcy 84 days post-injection. It can be concluded, based on these findings, that p.L induced a transient toxicity in rats after a single intravenous injection, and can therefore be considered non-toxic long-term after a single exposure.

s -wave scattering lengths for the Be7+p system from an R -matrix analysis

Paneru, S. N.,Brune, C. R.,Giri, R.,Livesay, R. J.,Greife, U.,Blackmon, J. C.,Bardayan, D. W.,Chipps, K. A.,Davids, B.,Connolly, D. S.,Chae, K. Y.,Champagne, A. E.,Deibel, C.,Jones, K. L.,Johnson, M. American Physical Society 2019 Physical Review C Vol.99 No.4

Classrom Spoken Discourse and Casual Conversation: A Comparison using Hymes's Ethno-methodological Framework

David Doms 한국영어학학회 2003 영어학연구 Vol.- No.15

Classroom Spoken Discourse and Casual Conversation: A Comparison using Hymes's Ethno-methodological Framework Doms, David. 2003. Classroom Spoken Discourse and Casual Conversation: A Comparison using Hymes's Ethno-methodological Framework, English Language and linguistics 15, 167-190. this paper attempts to examine discourse carried out in classrooms and various naturalistic settings by using Hymes's ethno-methodological approach (1972) for exploring speech events. As compared to previous studies which have been done cross-sectionally and paid attention to describing and accounting for L2 leamers' grammatical competence mainly in a quantitative fashion, the present study attempts to tap leamers' discourse competence by qualitatively looking at ongoing conversations in various places. After summarizing the distinguishing features of an English language classroom activity and casual conversations through short real-life examples taken from my own data, I discuss the implications of the analysis for the development of learners' conversational skills and discoursal knowledge in E.F.L. classrooms. Key words: ethno-methodology, Hymes, spoken discourse, classroom talk, casual conversation

韓國的 藝術歌曲의 創作을 위한 論理硏究와 試圖作品 分析 : 自作品 『머들령』을 中心으로 centering on my own work "Meodul-Ryung"

具斗會 淑明女子大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

There would be no one, I believe, who havn't tried to compose on the standpoint of Korean Nationalism. The significance of the world "on the standpoint of Korean nationalism" is a composition of well selected materials from particular old folkores, histoy, nature secones or common experiences we are facing in daily life, so that all can realize it's Korean emotional feeling when listen to the piece. In course of writing Korean Music, we are blocked up by a wall of difficult problems. First, the problum of scales and modes. As we belong to the the realm of Orient, have to use Pentatone scales. With a pentatone scale we are forming five sunbubs(旋法-or modes). The five sunbubs are; Goong-sunbub (宮旋法-i.e. Do mode), Sang-sunbub(商旋法-i.e. Re mode), Gak-sunbub(角旋法-i.e. Mi mode), Chi-sunbub (徵旋法-i.e. Sol mode), and Woo-sunbub (羽旋法-i.e. La mode). Among these five modes, Sol mode is called as Gemyun-Jo (界面調) while the La mode is called as Pyung-Jo(平調), and these two modes are solely used in Korean National Music, especially the usage of Do mode is practically avoided for the reason of producing Chinese feelong. Second melody lines. As we all know, in western music, there are 12 halftones in an octave, among them the 7 tones are being used in Diatonic Scales and the 12 tones are all being used in Chromatic Scales. On the contrary, in orient, only 5 tones out of the 12 halves are used. Furthermore, with such limited tones in Korean Music can not escape from simple and monotonous melody. Therefore, it's very important and necessary to solve such existing problums. Needless to say, we need hard experiments. Third, the employment of harmonic chords. In the Diatonic Scales of Western Music, seven triade are being used, but only Tonic triad (Ⅰ) and submediant triad (Ⅵ) are used in orient pentatone scale. Therefore, the other harmonies of Western Music never can be used in Korean Music, i.e. the third note of Supertonic and Dominant triads and the fifth note of Mediant triad are never appear in Korean Music, so the reason of lacking harmonic elements that no triads can be established. In course of writing my own composition "Meodul-Ryung" and other works. Firstly, I did not limited to Gemyun-jo and Pyung-Jo and freely used 5 modes which had been constructed as pentatone scales as well as major and minor scales in Western music both Authentic and Plagal modes in Western Church Music. Secondly, even though it is very much easy to change the musical tastes by flexible tendency of modes, but I utilized the method of Church Modes of middle age by which Oriental, especially so called Korean feeling have been produced. Thirdly, In harmonic problums, I evaded from the limitation of modes in some degree; numbers of usable harmonies have been increased and used the cadences which resulted no awkwardness. In my opinion, it is a quite successful result in my work. I employed technique of chorale harmonization as possible as I can with the Church Modes. Thus, I belive, many Korean Composers would not agree or satisfy on such method I experimented, still it will give tremendous problums of writing to whom studied and dealt with mainly Western Music. Settlement of theory on Korean Music Writing can not be established in short period. Rome had not been constructed in a day.

실행 요약: 당뇨병의 진단과 관리에서 검사실적 분석에 대한 지침과 권고안

David B. Sacks,Mark Arnold,George L. Bakris,David E. Bruns,Andrea Rita Horvath,M. Sue Kirkman,Ake Lernmark,Boyd E. Metzger,David M. Nathan 대한진단검사의학회 2011 Laboratory Medicine Online Vol.1 No.4

Background: Multiple laboratory tests are used in the diagnosis and management of patients with diabetes mellitus. The quality of the scientific evidence supporting the use of these assays varies substantially. Approach: An expert committee compiled evidencebased recommendations for the use of laboratory analysis in patients with diabetes. A new system was developed to grade the overall quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendations. A draft of the guidelines was posted on the Internet, and the document was modified in response to comments. The guidelines were reviewed by the joint Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine Committee of the AACC and the National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry and were accepted after revisions by the Professional Practice Committee and subsequent approval by the Executive Committee of the American Diabetes Association. Content: In addition to the long-standing criteria based on measurement of venous plasma glucose, diabetes can be diagnosed by demonstrating increased hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) concentrations in the blood. Monitoring of glycemic control is performed by the patients measuring their own plasma or blood glucose with meters and by laboratory analysis of Hb A1c. The potential roles of noninvasive glucose monitoring, genetic testing,and measurement of autoantibodies, urine albumin, insulin, proinsulin, C-peptide, and other analytes are addressed. Summary: The guidelines provide specific recommendations based on published data or derived from expert consensus. Several analytes are found to have minimal clinical value at the present time, and measurement of them is not recommended.

A new genus in the tribe Acidoxanthini (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetinae) from India, with a discussion of its phylogenetic relationships

David Karamankodu Jacob,Hancock David Lawrence,Han Ho-Yeon,Gracy Gandhi R,Sachin K.,Swathi R.S. 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.4

Gibbifronta pavoniae David, Hancock and Han, gen. et sp. nov., is described from India. The current status of the subtribe Acidoxanthina is scrutinized based on both morphological characters and DNA barcoding analysis, and this taxon is formally proposed as the tribe Acidoxanthini within the subfamily Trypetinae in order to accom modate the genera Gibbifronta, Acidoxantha Hendel, Craspedoxanthitea Hardy and Acidoxanthopsis Hering. We found that the members of the Acidoxanthini possess a unique characteristic within the family Tephritidae, the short and broadly truncate lateral surstylus with reduced prensisetae and 1–3 pairs of strong dorsal setae on epandrium. Even though comparable information is not available for Acidoxanthopsis, it is retained in Acid oxanthini. Gibbifronta is distinguished from other genera of the tribe by the presence of a high gena and prominent hump-like projection on the frons. Phylogenetic analysis based on DNA barcodes revealed that Gib bifronta is closely related to Acidoxantha and support its placement in Acidoxanthini. COI sequences of Gibbifronta pavoniae, Nitrariomyia lukjanovitshi Rohdendorf, Acidoxantha galibeedu David and Ramani and an undescribed Acidoxantha species have been obtained and reported. A key to the genera of Acidoxanthini is also provided. http://zoobank.org/100D010D-21D3-4F0B-B38E-1F72DC8E9BF3.

Mind and Culture

David Bai(배학순) 안동대학교 민속학연구소 1996 民俗硏究 Vol.0 No.6

Taxonomic notes on fruit flies of tribes Schistopterini and Eutretini (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae) in India, with description of a new species of Rhabdochaeta de Meijere

David Karamankodu Jacob,Hancock David Lawrence,Sachin K.,Gracy Gandhi R,Swathi R.S. 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.1

Rhabdochaeta nigroapicalis David, Hancock and Sachin, sp. n., is described from Assam, NE India. A key to all species of Schistopterini and Eutretini recorded from India is provided and taxonomic notes on previously described species are included. DNA barcode sequences of Calloptera asteria (Schiner), Rhabdochaeta pulchella de Meijere, Rhabdochaeta nigroapicalis David, Hancock and Sachin, sp. n. and Rhochmopterum venustum (de Meijere) were obtained and reported. Phylogenetic analysis using 62 mtCOI sequences of Tephritinae revealed Schis topterini to be a monophyletic group and the new species closely related to Rhabdochaeta pulchella, justifying its placement in Rhabdochaeta de Meijere. http://zoobank.org/A97337B3-E2BD-460D-BA62-6D3D4A1A60A2